EN ISO 13943-2010 en Fire safety - Vocabulary《防火安全 词汇》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 13943:2010Fire safety Vocabulary (ISO13943:2008)BS EN ISO 13943:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO13943:2010

2、. It supersedes BS EN ISO 13943:2000 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee FSH/9, Fire terminology.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include al

3、l the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 56085 9ICS 01.040.13; 13.220.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Pol

4、icy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 13943 September 2010 ICS 01.040.13; 13.220.01 Supersedes EN ISO 13943:2000English Version Fire safety - Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2008) Scurit au f

5、eu - Vocabulaire (ISO 13943:2008) Brandschutz - Vokabular (ISO 13943:2008) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 September 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a nation

6、al standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in an

7、y other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, De

8、nmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALI

9、SATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 13943:2010: EBS EN ISO 13943:2010EN ISO 13943:2010 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 1

10、3943:2008 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92 “Fire safety” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 13943:2010 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127 “Fire safety in buildings” the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Stan

11、dard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this

12、 document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 13943:2000. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countrie

13、s are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia

14、, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 13943:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 13943:2010 without any modification. BS EN ISO 13943:2010ISO 13943:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Norma

15、tive references1 3 Definition of the term “item” 1 4 Terms and definitions.1 Bibliography41 Alphabetical index42 Systematic index 46 Index of deprecated terms.51 BS EN ISO 13943:2010ISO 13943:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is

16、a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represent

17、ed on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are dra

18、fted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International St

19、andard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 13943 was prepared

20、 by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, in cooperation with Technical Committee IEC/TC 89, Fire hazard testing. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 13943:2000), which has been technically revised. BS EN ISO 13943:2010ISO 13943:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved

21、vIntroduction Over the last two decades, there has been significant growth in the subject field of fire safety. There has been a considerable development of fire safety engineering design, especially as it relates to construction projects, as well as the development of concepts related to performanc

22、e-based design. With this continuing evolution, there is an increasing need for agreement on a common language in the large domain of fire safety, beyond what traditionally has been limited to the subject field of fire hazard testing. The first edition of ISO 13943 contained definitions of about 180

23、 terms. However, the area of technology that is related to fire safety has continued to evolve rapidly and this second edition contains many new terms as well as new definitions of some of the terms that were in the first edition. This International Standard defines general terms to establish a voca

24、bulary applicable to fire safety, including fire safety in buildings and civil engineering works and other elements within the built environment. It will be updated as terms and definitions for further concepts in the subject field of fire safety are agreed upon and developed. It is important to not

25、e that when used in legislation, some general fire safety terms have a narrower interpretation and hence the definition given in this International Standard does not apply. The terms in this International Standard are fundamental concepts, which may be the starting point for other, more specific, de

26、finitions, more specific concepts, used in several areas of fire safety such as fire testing and fire safety engineering used in ISO and IEC fire standards, and related concept fields, designated by borrowed terms used in building and civil engineering. The layout is in accordance with ISO 10241, un

27、less otherwise specified. Thus, the elements of an entry appear in the following order: a) entry number; b) preferred term(s); c) admitted term(s); d) deprecated term(s); e) definition; f) example(s); g) note(s). The terms are presented in English alphabetical order and are in bold type except for a

28、ccepted but non-preferred terms and deprecated terms, which are in normal type. In a definition, example or note, reference to another entry in bold face is followed by the entry number in brackets, when it is first mentioned. Entry number, preferred term and definition are the mandatory elements of

29、 each entry. Other elements appear only when appropriate. Where a given term designates more than one concept, the concepts are listed in separate consecutive entries and the terms individually numbered. If the term has a general meaning but is being used in a specific subject field, that subject fi

30、eld is indicated in angled brackets, , at the beginning of the definition. Word class, e.g. “noun”, “adj.”, “verb”, is indicated if there is a risk of misunderstanding. BS EN ISO 13943:2010ISO 13943:2008(E) vi ISO 2008 All rights reservedWhere the term describes a physical quantity, a note is given

31、to indicate the typical units that are used (except in cases where the unit is a single dimension such as mass, time or length). Where a national variant in English is preferred or another equivalent exists, this has been given in bold face following the preferred term and annotated by the respectiv

32、e country code. Where no other country code or other equivalent is given in bold, this signifies that the preferred term is the accepted term in English-speaking countries. A term following the preferred term not given in boldface type is a non-preferred synonym. To facilitate the location of any te

33、rm given in this International Standard, irrespective of preference or country of origin, the alphabetical index lists all preferred and non-preferred synonyms, without the respective country code being indicated. There is also a systematic index and an index of deprecated terms. BS EN ISO 13943:201

34、0INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13943:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1Fire safety Vocabulary 1 Scope This International Standard defines terminology relating to fire safety as used in International Standards and other documents of the International Standardization Organization and the Internationa

35、l Electrotechnical Committee. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) appli

36、es. ISO 6707-1:2004, Building and civil engineering Vocabulary Part 1: General terms ISO 10241:1992, International terminology standards Preparation and layout 3 Definition of the term “item” For the purposes of this International Standard, the English term “item” is used in a general meaning to rep

37、resent any single object or assembly of objects, and may cover, for example, material, product, assembly, structure or building, as required in the context of any individual definition. If the “item” under consideration is a test specimen then the term “test specimen” is used. 4 Terms and definition

38、s 4.1 abnormal heat electrotechnical heat that is additional to that resulting from use under normal conditions, up to and including that which causes a fire (4.96) 4.2 acceptance criteria criteria that form the basis for assessing the acceptability of the safety of a design of a built environment (

39、4.26) NOTE The criteria can be qualitative, quantitative or a combination of both. 4.3 activation time time interval from response by a sensing device until the suppression system (4.314), smoke control system, alarm system or other fire safety system is fully operational BS EN ISO 13943:2010ISO 139

40、43:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved4.4 actual delivered density ADD volumetric flow rate of water per unit area that is delivered onto the top horizontal surface of a simulated burning combustible (4.43) array NOTE 1 It is typically determined relative to a specific heat release rate (4.177) o

41、f a fire (4.98). NOTE 2 ADD can be measured as described in ISO 6182-7. NOTE 3 The typical units are millimetres per minute (mmmin1). 4.5 acute toxicity toxicity (4.341) that causes rapidly occurring toxic (4.335) effects cf. toxic potency (4.338) 4.6 afterflame flame (4.133) that persists after the

42、 ignition source (4.189) has been removed 4.7 afterflame time length of time for which an afterflame (4.6) persists under specified conditions cf. duration of flaming (4.71) 4.8 afterglow persistence of glowing combustion (4.169) after both removal of the ignition source (4.189) and the cessation of

43、 any flaming combustion (4.148) 4.9 afterglow time length of time during which an afterglow (4.8) persists under specified conditions 4.10 agent outlet orifice of a piping system by means of which an extinguishing fluid can be applied towards the source of a fire (4.98) 4.11 alarm time time interval

44、 between ignition (4.187) of a fire (4.98) and activation of an alarm NOTE The time of ignition can be known, e.g. in the case of a fire model (4.116) or a fire test (4.132), or it may be assumed, e.g. it may be based upon an estimate working back from the time of detection. The basis on which the t

45、ime of ignition is determined is always stated when the alarm time is specified. 4.12 alight, adj. lit, adj. CA, US lighted, adj. undergoing combustion (4.46) BS EN ISO 13943:2010ISO 13943:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 34.13 arc resistance electrotechnical ability of an electrically insulatin

46、g material to resist the influence of an electric arc, under specified conditions NOTE The arc resistance is identified by the length of the arc, the absence or presence of a conducting path and the burning or damage of the test specimen (4.321). 4.14 area burning rate burning rate (deprecated) rate

47、 of burning (deprecated) area of material burned (4.28) per unit time under specified conditions NOTE The typical units are square metres per second ( m2s1). 4.15 arson crime of setting a fire (4.98), usually with intent to cause damage 4.16 ash ashes mineral residue resulting from complete combusti

48、on (4.50) 4.17 asphyxiant toxicant (4.340) that causes hypoxia, which can result in central nervous system depression or cardiovascular effects NOTE Loss of consciousness and ultimately death can occur. 4.18 auto-ignition spontaneous ignition self-ignition CA, US unpiloted ignition CA, US spontaneou

49、s combustion (deprecated) ignition (4.187) resulting from a rise of temperature without a separate ignition source (4.189) NOTE 1 The ignition can be caused either by self-heating (4.287, 4.288) or by heating from an external source. NOTE 2 In North America, “spontaneous ignition” is the preferred term used to designate ignition caused by self-heating. 4.19 auto-ignition temperature spontaneous ignition temperature minimum temperature at which auto-ignition (4.18) is obtained in a fire test (4.132) NOTE The typical units are d