EN ISO 14004-2016 en Environmental management systems - General guidelines on implementation《环境管理体系 执行通用准则(ISO 14004 2016)》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 14004:2016Environmental managementsystems General guidelineson implementationBS EN ISO 14004:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 14004:2016. It supersedes BS EN ISO 14004:2010 which is withdrawn.The UK part

2、icipation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee SES/1/1, Environmental management systems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users

3、 are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 79063 8 ICS 13.020.10 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of

4、 the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN ISO 14004:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 14004 March 2016 ICS 13.020.10 Supersedes EN ISO 14004:2010English Version Environmenta

5、l management systems - General guidelines on implementation (ISO 14004:2016) Systmes de management environnemental - Lignes directrices gnrales pour la mise en application (ISO 14004:2016) Umweltmanagementsysteme - Allgemeiner Leitfaden ber Grundstze, Systeme und untersttzende Methoden (ISO 14004:20

6、16) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 March 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical re

7、ferences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a

8、CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedo

9、nia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPI

10、SCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 14004:2016 EBS EN ISO 14004:2016EN ISO 14004:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European forew

11、ord . 3 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 765/2008 . 4 BS EN ISO 14004:2016EN ISO 14004:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN ISO 14004:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207 “Environmental ma

12、nagement“. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibil

13、ity that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 14004:2010. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European

14、 Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organiza

15、tions of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mal

16、ta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 14004:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14004:2016 without any modification. BS EN ISO 14004:2016EN ISO 14004:2016 (E) 4 Annex Z

17、A (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 765/2008 This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide one means of conforming to Essential

18、 Requirements of the New Approach Directive 765/2008. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard confers, within th

19、e limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. WARNING: Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the products falling within the scope of this standard. BS EN ISO 1

20、4004:2016ISO 14004:2016(E)Foreword vIntroduction vi1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 13.1 Terms related to organization and leadership 23.2 Terms related to planning . 33.3 Terms related to support and operation . 43.4 Terms related to performance evaluation and improvemen

21、t 54 Context of the organization . 64.1 Understanding the organization and its context . 64.2 Understanding the needs and expectations of interested parties .104.2.1 General. 104.2.2 Determining relevant interested parties 104.2.3 Determining relevant needs and expectations of relevant interested pa

22、rties 104.2.4 Determining compliance obligations 114.2.5 Use and application of the needs and expectations of interested parties .114.3 Determining the scope of the environmental management system 114.4 Environmental management system 124.4.1 General. 124.4.2 Establishing, implementing, maintaining

23、and continually improving an environmental management system .135 Leadership .145.1 Leadership and commitment 145.2 Environmental policy . 155.3 Organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities.186 Planning 196.1 Actions to address risks and opportunities 196.1.1 General. 196.1.2 Environmental

24、 aspects 236.1.3 Compliance obligations . 276.1.4 Planning action .296.2 Environmental objectives and planning to achieve them .296.2.1 General. 296.2.2 Establishing environmental objectives306.2.3 Planning actions to achieve environmental objectives 306.2.4 Performance indicators. 317 Support 327.1

25、 Resources 327.2 Competence 327.3 Awareness 347.4 Communication . 357.4.1 General. 357.4.2 Internal communication . 367.4.3 External communication 367.5 Documented information 377.5.1 General. 377.5.2 Creating and updating 387.5.3 Control of documented information 388 Operation 398.1 Operational pla

26、nning and control . 39 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 14004:2016ISO 14004:2016(E)8.1.1 General guidance: Operational control 398.1.2 Identifying needs for operational controls 408.1.3 Establishing operational controls 418.2 Emergency preparedness and response 419 Performance

27、evaluation 429.1 Monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation 429.1.1 General. 429.1.2 Evaluation of compliance 449.2 Internal audit . 459.3 Management review 4610 Improvement .4710.1 General 4710.2 Nonconformity and corrective action 4710.3 Continual improvement . 4810.3.1 Opportunities for imp

28、rovement 4810.3.2 Implementation of continual improvement 49Annex A (informative) Examples of activities, products and services and their associated environmental aspects and environmental impacts, risks and opportunities, and actions .50Annex B (informative) Phased approach to implementing an envir

29、onmental management system (based on ISO 14005) .57Bibliography .59iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 14004:2016ISO 14004:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing In

30、ternational Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison

31、with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directiv

32、es, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some o

33、f the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declaratio

34、ns received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about I

35、SOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management, Subcommittee SC 1, Environmental manag

36、ement systems.This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 14004:2004), which has been technically revised. ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 14004:2016ISO 14004:2016(E)IntroductionAchieving a balance between the environment, society and the economy is considered essential t

37、o meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. Sustainable development is a goal achieved by balancing the three pillars of sustainability: the environment, society and the economy.Organizations, whether public or private, large or small,

38、in developed or in emerging economies, have an impact on the environment and can be affected by the environment in return. There is a growing understanding that human development and well-being are contingent on preserving and conserving our natural resources, upon which all human activity and produ

39、ctivity depend. Achieving sound environmental performance requires organizational commitment to a systematic approach and to continual improvement of an environmental management system.Societal expectations are driving the need for improved management of the resources necessary to support human deve

40、lopment, through greater efficiency, transparency and accountability for all organizations. There are growing pressures on the environment, from climate change, over-consumption of resources and the challenges created by degradation of ecosystems and the loss of biodiversity.The aim of this Internat

41、ional Standard is to provide organizations with guidance for a common framework, in order to establish, implement, maintain and continually improve a system to support better environmental management. This environmental management framework should contribute to the long-term success of the organizat

42、ion and to the overall goal of sustainable development. The framework of a robust, credible and reliable environmental management system is shown in Figure 1. It includes: understanding the context in which the organization operates; determining and understanding the relevant needs and expectations

43、of interested parties, as they relate to the environmental management system of the organization; establishing and implementing an environmental policy and environmental objectives; top management taking a leading role in improving environmental performance; identifying aspects of the organizations

44、activities, products and services that can result in significant environmental impacts; identifying the environmental conditions, including events, that can affect the organization; considering the organizations risks and opportunities that need to be addressed in relation to its: environmental aspe

45、cts; compliance obligations; other issues (see 4.1) and requirements (see 4.2); increasing awareness of the organizations interaction with the environment; establishing operational controls, as appropriate, to manage the organizations significant environmental aspects and compliance obligations, and

46、 risks and opportunities that need to be addressed; evaluating environmental performance and taking actions, as necessary, for its improvement.vi ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 14004:2016ISO 14004:2016(E)Figure 1 Environmental management system model for this International StandardThe outcome

47、s of a systematic approach to environmental management can provide top management with quantitative and qualitative data that enables informed business decisions that build long-term success and create options for contributing to sustainable development. The success of the environmental management s

48、ystem depends on commitment from all levels and functions of the organization, led by top management. The opportunities include: protecting the environment, including the prevention or reduction of adverse environmental impacts; controlling or influencing the way products and services are designed,

49、manufactured, distributed, used and disposed; using a life cycle perspective to prevent environmental impacts from being unintentionally shifted elsewhere within the cycle; achieving financial and operational benefits that can result from implementing environmentally sound alternatives which strengthen the organizations market position; communicating environmental information to relevant interested parties.In addition to enhanced environmental performance, the potential benefits associated with an effective environmental management sys