EN ISO 14577-2-2015 en Metallic materials - Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters - Part 2 Verification and calibration of testing machines《金属材料 压痕硬度和.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 14577-2:2015Metallic materials Instrumented indentation testfor hardness and materialsparametersPart 2: Verification and calibration of testingmachinesBS EN ISO 14577-2:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO14

2、577-2:2015. It supersedes BS EN ISO 14577-2:2002 which iswithdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ISE/101/5, Indentation hardness testing.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication doe

3、s not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 75796 9ICS 77.040.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal o

4、bligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2015.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 14577-2 July 2015 ICS 77.040.10 Supersedes EN ISO 14577-2:200

5、2English Version Metallic materials - Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters - Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines (ISO 14577-2:2015) Matriaux mtalliques - Essai de pntration instrument pour la dtermination de la duret et de paramtres des matriaux -

6、Partie 2: Vrification et talonnage des machines dessai (ISO 14577-2:2015) Metallische Werkstoffe - Instrumentierte Eindringprfung zur Bestimmung der Hrte und anderer Werkstoffparameter - Teil 2: berprfung und Kalibrierung der Prfmaschinen (ISO 14577-2:2015) This European Standard was approved by CEN

7、 on 16 April 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards m

8、ay be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified

9、 to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Icelan

10、d, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Managem

11、ent Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 14577-2:2015 EBS EN ISO 14577-2:2015EN ISO 14577-2:2015 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN ISO 14577-2:2015) has been pre

12、pared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164 “Mechanical testing of metals” in collaboration with Technical Committee ECISS/TC 101 “Test methods for steel (other than chemical analysis)” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, ei

13、ther by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN an

14、d/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 14577-2:2002. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Au

15、stria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Swe

16、den, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 14577-2:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14577-2:2015 without any modification. BS EN ISO 14577-2:2015ISO 14577-2:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 General conditions . 13.1

17、Preparation 13.2 Functional installation 13.3 Indenter . 23.4 Application of the test force . 24 Direct verification and calibration 24.1 General . 24.2 Calibration of the test force 24.3 Calibration of the displacement measuring device . 34.4 Verification and calibration of the machine compliance 4

18、4.4.1 General 44.4.2 Procedure . 44.5 Calibration and verification of the indenter 54.5.1 General 54.5.2 Vickers indenter . 54.5.3 Berkovich, modified Berkovich, and corner cube indenters 74.5.4 Hard metal ball indenters 84.5.5 Spherical tipped conical indenters . 94.6 Verification of the indenter a

19、rea function 104.6.1 General. 104.6.2 Procedure 104.7 Verification of the testing cycle 105 Indirect verification .115.1 General 115.2 Procedure . 126 Intervals between calibrations and verifications .146.1 Direct verification and calibration 146.2 Indirect verification . 156.3 Routine checking 157

20、Verification report/Calibration certificate 15Annex A (informative) Example of an indenter holder 16Annex B (normative) Procedures for determination of indenter area function .17Annex C (informative) Examples for the documentation of the results of indirect verification .19Annex D (normative) Machin

21、e compliance calibration procedure .21Bibliography .25 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 14577-2:2015ISO 14577-2:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of prepar

22、ing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in li

23、aison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Di

24、rectives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that

25、some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent decl

26、arations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information a

27、bout ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals, Subcommittee SC 3, Hardness testing.This second edition cancels and

28、replaces the first edition (ISO 14577-2:2002), which has been technically revised.ISO 14577 consists of the following parts, under the general title Metallic materials Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters: Part 1: Test method Part 2: Verification and calibration of tes

29、ting machines Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks Part 4: Test method for metallic and non-metallic coatingsiv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 14577-2:2015ISO 14577-2:2015(E)IntroductionHardness has typically been defined as the resistance of a material to permanent penetration by another

30、harder material. The results obtained when performing Rockwell, Vickers, and Brinell tests are determined after the test force has been removed. Therefore, the effect of elastic deformation under the indenter has been ignored.ISO 14577 (all parts) has been prepared to enable the user to evaluate the

31、 indentation of materials by considering both the force and displacement during plastic and elastic deformation. By monitoring the complete cycle of increasing and removal of the test force, hardness values equivalent to traditional hardness values can be determined. More significantly, additional p

32、roperties of the material, such as its indentation modulus and elasto-plastic hardness, can also be determined. All these values can be calculated without the need to measure the indent optically. Furthermore, by a variety of techniques, the instrumented indentation test allows to record hardness an

33、d modulus depth profiles within a, probably complex, indentation cycle.ISO 14577 (all parts) has been written to allow a wide variety of post test data analysis. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 14577-2:2015BS EN ISO 14577-2:2015Metallic materials Instrumented indentation test for hardness an

34、d materials parameters Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines1 ScopeThis part of ISO 14577 specifies the method of verification and calibration of testing machines for carrying out the instrumented indentation test in accordance with ISO 14577-1:2015.It describes a direct verificat

35、ion method for checking the main functions of the testing machine and an indirect verification method suitable for the determination of the repeatability of the testing machine. There is a requirement that the indirect method be used in addition to the direct method and for the periodic routine chec

36、king of the testing machine in service.It is a requirement that the indirect method of verification of the testing machine be carried out independently for each test method.This part of ISO 14577 is also applicable for transportable testing machines.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in

37、whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 376, Metallic materials Calibrat

38、ion of force-proving instruments used for the verification of uniaxial testing machinesISO 3878, Hardmetals Vickers hardness testISO 14577-1:2015, Metallic materials Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters Part 1: Test methodISO 14577-3, Metallic materials Instrumented in

39、dentation test for hardness and materials parameters Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks3 General conditions3.1 PreparationThe machine shall be designed in such a way that it can be verified.Before verification and calibration of the testing machine, it shall be checked to ensure that the condit

40、ions laid down in 3.2 to 3.4 are met.3.2 Functional installationThe testing machine shall be configured to operate in compliance with and shall be installed in an environment that meets the requirements of this part of ISO 14577, ISO 14577-1:2015, and, where applicable, ISO 14577-3. The testing mach

41、ine shall be protected from vibrations. For testing in the INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14577-2:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 14577-2:2015ISO 14577-2:2015(E)micro and nano ranges, the testing machine shall also be protected from air currents and temperature fluctuations.The influence

42、 of environment on the data, i.e. the noise floor, shall be estimated by performing a low force (e.g. equivalent to the usual initial contact force) indentation on a CRM and analysing the displacement over time. The force variability is the indent stiffness (obtained from force removal curve) multip

43、lied by the standard deviation of the displacement once any background drift in mean displacement has been subtracted. These uncertainties shall then be included in the total combined uncertainty tests as calculated in ISO 14577-1:2015, Clause 8 and Annex H.3.3 IndenterIn order to get repeatable mea

44、surements of the force/indentation depth data set, the indenter holder shall be firmly mounted into the testing machine.The indenter holder should be designed in such a way that the contribution to the overall compliance is minimized (see Annex A).3.4 Application of the test forceThe test force shal

45、l be applied and removed without shock or vibration that can significantly affect the test results. It shall be possible to verify the process of increasing, holding, and removal of the test force.4 Direct verification and calibration4.1 General4.1.1 Direct verification and calibration shall be carr

46、ied out at the constant temperature of use, typically 10 C to 35 C, but preferably in the range (23 5) C. If a range of operating temperatures is required, then direct calibration and verification should be carried out at suitable points over that temperature range to determine the calibration valid

47、ity as a function of temperature. If necessary, a calibration correction function or a set of calibrations valid at specific operating temperatures can be determined.4.1.2 The instruments used for direct calibration and verification shall be traceable to National Standards as far as available.4.1.3

48、Direct verification and calibration involvesa) calibration of the test force,b) calibration of the displacement measuring device,c) verification and calibration of the machine compliance,d) verification of the indenter,e) calibration and verification of the indenter area function, if the indentation

49、 depth is less than 6 m, andf) verification of the test cycle.4.2 Calibration of the test force4.2.1 Each range of force used shall be calibrated over the whole force range for both application and removal of the test force. A minimum of 16 evenly distributed points in the test force range shall be calibrated, i.e. 16 during application and 16 during removal of the test force. The procedure shall be repeated at least three times and the average calibration value shall be used. The maximum difference in calibration values sh