1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 14915-2:2003 Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Software ergonomics for multimedia user interfaces Part 2: Multimedia navigation and control The European Standard EN ISO 14915-2:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.180; 35.200 BS EN ISO 14915-2:2003 This British S
2、tandard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 8 September 2003 BSI 17 October 2003 ISBN 0 580 42588 6 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 14915-2:2003. It is identical with ISO 14915-2:2003. The UK p
3、articipation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PH/9, Applied ergonomics, to Subcommittee PH/9/6, User system interfaces, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The B
4、ritish Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards
5、Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the respo
6、nsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cov
7、er, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to vii, a blank page, pages 1 to 33, the Annex ZA page, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since pu
8、blication Amd. No. Date Comments 14765 Corrig. No. 1 17 October 2003 Incorporating corrected EN ISO foreword pageEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM ENISO149152 July2003 ICS13.180;35.200 Englishversion SoftwareergonomicsformultimediauserinterfacesPart2: Multimedianavigationandcontrol(ISO1
9、49152:2003) Ergonomiedeslogicielspourlesinterfacesutilisateur multimdiasPartie2:Navigationetcontrlemultimdias (ISO149152:2003) SoftwareErgonomiefrMultimediaBenutzerschnittstellen Teil2:MultimediaNavigationundSteuerung(ISO14915 2:2003) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon10July2003. CENmembersarebo
10、undtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEu
11、ropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechR
12、epublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUn ited Kingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36
13、B1050Brussels 2003CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.ENISO149152:2003EINESO41519:2002(3E) 2 CORRECTED20030924 Foreword Thisdocument(ENISO149152:2003)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC159 “Ergonomics“incollaborationwithTechnicalComm
14、itteeCEN/TC122“Ergonomics“,the secretariatofwhichisheldbyDIN. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationof anidenticaltextorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyJanuary2004,andconflictingnational standardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestbyJanuary2004. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELEC
15、InternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsof thefollowingcountriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,Czech Republic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy, Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,Switzerlandand t
16、heUnitedKingdom. Endorsementnotice ThetextofISO149152:2003hasbeenapprovedbyCENasENISO149152:2003withoutany modifications. NOTENormativereferencestoInternationalStandardsarelistedinAnnexZA(normative). ENISO149152:2003 Reference number ISO 14915-2:2003(E) OSI 3002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14915-2 Fir
17、st edition 2003-07-15 Software ergonomics for multimedia user interfaces Part 2: Multimedia navigation and control Ergonomie des logiciels pour les interfaces utilisateur multimdias Partie 2: Navigation et contrle multimdias ENISO149152:2003IS-51941 O2:(3002E) DPlcsid Fremia ihTs PDF file mya ctnoia
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22、fice saCe tsopale 65 eneG 1121-HC 02 av leT. 4 + 10 947 22 1 11 xaF0 947 22 14 + 9 74 E-mial coirypthgis.o gro We bwww.is.o groii ISO 3002 Allr ihgtsser edevrENISO149152:2003IS-51941 O2:(3002E) I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr iiiContents Page Foreword vi Introduction vii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative referenc
23、es . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Application of this part of ISO 14915 6 4.1 Purpose and intended users of this part of ISO 14915 . 6 4.2 Reporting conformance to this part of ISO 14915 . 6 5 Framework for multimedia navigation and control . 6 5.1 General. 6 5.2 Analysis of content structures 6 5
24、.2.1 Basic analysis . 6 5.2.2 Structuring multimedia applications. 8 5.3 Navigation-structure design 8 5.3.1 General. 8 5.3.2 High-level navigation structure . 8 5.3.3 Navigation within presentation segments and media objects . 10 6 Navigation design . 11 6.1 Introduction to navigation 11 6.1.1 Appl
25、ication structure 11 6.1.2 Navigation structures . 11 6.1.3 Content structure 11 6.1.4 Content granularity. 12 6.1.5 Exploration. 12 6.1.6 Complexity. 12 6.1.7 Understanding. 12 6.1.8 User assistance. 12 6.1.9 Determining navigation techniques 12 6.1.10 Metaphors 13 6.2 Structures for navigation . 1
26、3 6.2.1 Use of appropriate navigation structures. 13 6.2.2 Linear structures. 13 6.2.3 Tree structures 14 6.2.4 Network structures . 15 7 Common guidance on controls . 16 7.1 Compatibility of media controls 16 7.2 User accessibility of controls 16 7.3 Ease of individualization 16 7.4 Appropriateness
27、 of media controls 16 7.5 Task-dependent sets of controls. 16 7.6 Minimum set of media controls . 17 7.7 Grouping media controls . 17 7.8 Controllability of media objects 17 7.9 Distinguishable controls 17 7.10 Presence of hidden controls 17 7.11 Status of media . 17 7.12 Status of controls 18 7.13
28、Inactive controls 18 ENISO149152:2003IS-51941 O2:(3002E) iv I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr7.14 Consistent controls.18 7.15 Ease of access.18 7.16 Feedback on use of controls18 7.17 Relation of controls.18 7.18 Design of particular controls .19 8 Links .19 8.1 User accessibility of links 19 8.2 Use of
29、 links 19 8.2.1 General use of links 19 8.2.2 Use of system-activated links 19 8.2.3 Use of user-activated links.19 8.2.4 Use of fixed links.20 8.2.5 Use of temporal links 20 8.2.6 Duration of temporal links20 8.2.7 Avoiding temporal-link errors 20 8.2.8 Use of computed links 20 8.2.9 Recognizing co
30、mputed links20 8.2.10 Saving computed links .21 8.2.11 Creating user-defined links 21 8.2.12 Multi-user sets of user-defined links.21 8.3 Discriminability of links 21 8.4 Information about links.22 8.4.1 Link-destination content information22 8.4.2 Link-destination location information.22 8.4.3 Link
31、-duration information.22 8.4.4 Linked-to-media-type information .22 8.4.5 Link-load-time information .23 8.4.6 Link-history cues.23 8.4.7 Multiple sets of link-history cues.23 8.4.8 Time dependence of link-history .23 8.4.9 Default link-history cue.23 8.4.10 Resetting link-history cues 23 8.4.11 Res
32、etting single link-history cues.23 9 Navigation functions.23 9.1 Scope of navigation actions.23 9.1.1 Providing users with navigation information .23 9.1.2 Effect of navigation actions .24 9.1.3 Navigation between and within presentation segments .24 9.1.4 Methods of navigation between presentation
33、segments 24 9.1.5 Navigation involving content chunks within a presentation segment 24 9.1.6 Navigation involving media objects or composite media objects .25 9.2 “Go to beginning” .25 9.3 “Go to previous”25 9.3.1 Go to previously visited presentation segment .25 9.3.2 Go to previous media object 25
34、 9.3.3 Save current state .26 9.3.4 Go to previous state26 9.4 “Go to next” .26 9.4.1 Go to next presentation segment within the application 26 9.4.2 Go-to-next-media object within the composite-media object.26 9.5 “Go to end” 26 9.5.1 Exit 26 9.5.2 Go to end of composite-media object.27 9.6 Determi
35、ne current location.27 9.6.1 Location information.27 9.6.2 Identifying possible navigation pathways 27 9.6.3 Providing context for details27 9.7 Move .27 9.8 Search.27 ENISO149152:2003IS-51941 O2:(3002E) I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr v9.8.1 Search for other locations 27 9.8.2 Helping formulate searc
36、hes for items. 28 9.8.3 Accessing the results of a search. 28 9.9 Tour 28 10 Controls for coordination of multiple media 28 10.1 Synchronization of media 28 10.2 Coordination of media 28 10.3 Controlling layered media 28 10.4 Separation of media 28 10.5 Obscuring media. 29 10.6 Navigating between me
37、dia. 29 11 Dynamic media 29 11.1 Dynamic-media controls 29 11.1.1 Basic dynamic-media controls 29 11.1.2 Access to dynamic-media controls. 29 11.1.3 “Play” . 29 11.1.4 “Stop”. 30 11.1.5 “Pause” 30 11.1.6 “Replay”. 30 11.1.7 “Play backward” 30 11.1.8 “Scan forward” 31 11.1.9 “Scan backward” 31 11.1.1
38、0 “Fast forward” . 31 11.1.11 “Rewind” 31 11.1.12 “Record” 31 11.2 Attributes of controls for dynamic media. 31 11.2.1 Implementing attributes . 31 11.2.2 Direction of play 31 11.2.3 “Loop” 32 11.2.4 Controlling the speed of playing . 32 11.2.5 Availability of audio controls. 32 11.2.6 Set volume .
39、32 11.2.7 Mute 32 Bibliography . 33 ENISO149152:2003IS-51941 O2:(3002E) vi I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevrForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is norma
40、lly carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in th
41、e work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare
42、International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some
43、of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14915-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 4, Ergonomics of human-system interaction. ISO 14915 consists
44、 of the following parts, under the general title Software ergonomics for multimedia user interfaces: Part 1: Design principles and framework Part 2: Multimedia navigation and control Part 3: Media selection and combination ENISO149152:2003IS-51941 O2:(3002E) I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr viiIntroduc
45、tion This part of ISO 14915 applies to both the presentation of content and interaction techniques for user control of computer-based multimedia applications in general, including stand-alone and networked-delivered applications. These applications can vary in size and complexity (e.g. a single web
46、page, a catalogue or an interactive simulation). This part of ISO 14915 provides specific guidance related to multimedia navigation and control that relates to the three aspects inherent in designing multimedia user interfaces identified in ISO 14915-1: content design; interaction design; media desi
47、gn. Content design is based on the cognitive needs of the various different users and the different tasks involved in an application. Content design also takes into account various approaches to organize the content to provide support for different methods of exploring the content. Interaction desig
48、n focuses on the presentation of this content to users and the methods that will be provided to users for them to interact with this content. Media design focuses on making use of particular media objects to implement the content and interaction designs. This part of ISO 14915 is concerned with the navigation between, and control of, various media obje
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