EN ISO 15265-2004 en Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Risk assessment strategy for the prevention of stress or discomfort in thermal working conditions《热环境的人类工效学 热工作条件下防止压力和.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 15265:2004 Ergonomics of the thermal environment Risk assessment strategy for the prevention of stress or discomfort in thermal working conditions The European Standard EN ISO 15265:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.180 BS EN ISO 15265:2004 This British Stan

2、dard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 19 August 2004 BSI 19 August 2004 ISBN 0 580 44322 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 15265:2004. It is identical with ISO 15265:2004. The UK participati

3、on in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PH/9, Applied ergonomics, to Subcommittee PH/9/1, Thermal environments, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Stand

4、ards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This

5、 publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible inter

6、national/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN I

7、SO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 13 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEE

8、UROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM ENISO15265 August2004 ICS13.180 Englishversion ErgonomicsofthethermalenvironmentRiskassessment strategyforthepreventionofstressordiscomfortinthermal workingconditions(ISO15265:2004) ErgonomiedesambiancesthermiquesStratgie dvaluationdurisquepourlaprventiondecontraintesou dinco

9、nfortdansdesconditionsdetravailthermiques(ISO 15265:2004) ErgonomiederthermischenUmgebungStrategiezur RisikobeurteilungzurAbwendungvonStressoder UnbehagenunterthermischenArbeitsbedingungen(ISO 15265:2004) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon29July2004. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECI

10、nternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeo

11、fficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Est

12、onia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementC

13、entre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.ENISO15265:2004:E I NESO 51:5622004 (E) 2 Foreword This document (EN ISO 15265:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics“ in collaborat

14、ion with Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2005, and conflicting national standards sha

15、ll be withdrawn at the latest by February 2005. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Gree

16、ce, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 15265:2004 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 15265:2004 without any modifications.

17、 ENISO15265:2004 Reference number ISO 15265:2004(E) OSI 4002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15265 First edition 2004-08-01 Ergonomics of the thermal environment Risk assessment strategy for the prevention of stress or discomfort in thermal working conditions Ergonomie des ambiances thermiques Stratgie dv

18、aluation du risque pour la prvention de contraintes ou dinconfort dans des conditions de travail thermiques ENISO15265:2004IS:56251 O4002(E) DPlcsid Fremia ihTs PDF file may ctnoian emdebt dedyfepcaes. In ccaocnadrw eith Aebods licensilop gnic,y this file mairp eb ynted iv roweb detu slahl ton ide e

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21、ebeis. In tlnu ehikletneve y ttah lborp aem leratit gno it is f,dnuo plsaee inform ttneC ehlar Secrteiraat ta the serddaig sleb nevwo. ISO 4002 All irthgs erse.devr lnUeto sswrehise specified, on trap fo this lbupictaion maeb y cudorperro de tuilizi den yna form ro na ybm ynae,s lecetrinoc ro mecina

22、hcal, inclidung tohpcoiypodna gn micrfoilm, wittuoh repmissii non writign from ietI rehSa Ot tsserdda eh ebolw or ISOs memreb i ydobn the cnuotrfo y ttseuqer ehe.r ISO cirypothg fofice saCe tsopale 65 eneG 1121-HC 02 av leT. 4 + 10 947 22 1 11 xaF0 947 22 14 + 9 74 E-mail coirypthgiso.o gr We bwww.i

23、s.o gro Pulbisdehi n Switlrez dnaii ISO 4002 Allr ithgsr esedevrENISO15265:2004IS:56251 O4002(E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Philosophy of the strategy. 2 4 Stage 1: “Observation”. 3 4.1 Objectives 3 4.2 Procedure.

24、3 5 Stage 2: “Analysis”.6 5.1 Objectives 6 5.2 Procedure. 6 6 Stage 3: “Expertise” . 9 6.1 Objectives 9 6.2 Procedure. 9 Annex A (informative) Examples of prevention measures. 11 Bibliography . 13 ENISO15265:2004IS:56251 O4002(E) iv I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevrForeword ISO (the International Organi

25、zation for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been establishe

26、d has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

27、International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Pub

28、lication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent

29、 rights. ISO 15265 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 5, Ergonomics of the physical environment. ENISO15265:2004IS:56251 O4002(E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr vIntroduction This International Standard is one of a series intended for use in the estimation of

30、the thermal environment. It was developed by ISO/TC 159/SC 5/WG 1, Thermal environments on the basis of the results of the BIOMED II “HEAT STRESS” research project conducted with the support of the European Union. Other standards of this series describe how the parameters influencing human thermoreg

31、ulation in a given environment must be estimated or quantified. Others specify how these parameters must be integrated in order to predict the degree of discomfort or the health risk in these environments. The present document was prepared to standardize the methods that occupational health speciali

32、sts should use to approach a given problem related to stress and discomfort in thermal working conditions and progressively collect the information needed to control or prevent the problem. ENISO15265:2004blank 4002:56251OSINEINTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS:56251 O4002(E)I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 1Erg

33、onomics of the thermal environment Risk assessment strategy for the prevention of stress or discomfort in thermal working conditions 1 Scope This International Standard describes a strategy for assessing and interpreting the risk of physiological constraints, or of discomfort, while working in a giv

34、en climatic environment. It is applicable in any working situation with steady or varying conditions of the climate, metabolic rate or clothing. This International Standard does not describe a single procedure, but a strategy in three stages that can be used successively to gain deeper insight in th

35、e working conditions, as it is needed to draw the most appropriate conclusions about the risk involved and identify the best control and prevention measures. It is definitely oriented towards the prevention and/or control of these working problems in the heat or cold. The risk of heat or cold disord

36、ers and/or discomfort is therefore assessed only to the extent that it is required to reach this goal. However, users must comply with national legislations that may require that risk assessment be performed more systematically. As the strategy is oriented towards prevention and the design of the wo

37、rking conditions, it concerns an average subject. At the last step of each stage of the strategy, interindividual differences are taken into consideration through medical supervision (in the short term) and surveillance (in the long term). The International Standards on which this strategy is based

38、include, however, already some degree of safety, as their limits and/or recommendations tend to protect the majority of the fit workers. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited appl

39、ies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 13731, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Vocabulary and symbols ENISO15265:2004IS:56251 O4002(E) 2 I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr3 Philosophy of the strategy The main objective of th

40、e assessment of the risks linked to the thermal working environment is not to quantify the risks, but to prevent or to eliminate, or at least to reduce, the risks. The number of working situations with thermal problems is high and it would be utopian and not practical to require to study them all in

41、 detail. This would actually be useless, since, in the majority of cases, solutions can be found easily, based on simple and straightforward Observations. In some cases, however, a more detailed Analysis is necessary, including measurements, and in some particular cases, an Expertise can be required

42、, based on more sophisticated evaluation techniques. The strategy is therefore based on a progressive approach in three stages with the characteristics summarised in Table 1. The method was prepared to determine whether, and in what circumstances, there is a problem and to collect the information ju

43、st needed to eliminate it, or at least, to improve the condition. Table 1 Comparison of the characteristics of the three stages of the strategy Modalities Stage 1 “Observation” Stage 2 “Analysis” Stage 3 “Expertise” When? When a “problem” is detected More complicated cases Very complex cases How? Qu

44、alitative observations Ordinary measurements Specialised measurements and evaluation Cost? Low Average High Duration (order of magnitude) 2 h 1 day A few days By whom? Workers + management from the company Same + specialists Same + specialists + experts Competency work situation: ergonomics: High Av

45、erage Average High Low Specialised Stage 1 Observation is to be conducted by people from the company with full knowledge of the working conditions but without necessarily a training in ergonomics. Its aim is to characterise the working situation in all circumstances, during the day and during the wh

46、ole year, and not at a specific time. Stage 2 Analysis is conducted by the same persons with the assistance of specialists with a specific training in ergonomics of the thermal environment. It will deal with the working situation in particular circumstances (summer, night, .) identified during the f

47、irst stage and will require common measurements. Stage 3 Expertise is conducted by the same persons, with the additional assistance of experts highly specialised. It will deal with highly complex thermal working circumstances and require sophisticated or special measurements. ENISO15265:2004IS:56251

48、 O4002(E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 34 Stage 1: “Observation” 4.1 Objectives The objectives of this stage are to collect information about the work situation, in general, concerning the working conditions, the climatic conditions and the heat or cold sources, to define the straightforward technical measures that can be directly implemented to prevent/control the risk, and to determine whether a more thorough “Analysis” is necessary. 4.2 Procedure 4.2.1 Describe the