1、BS EN ISO15403-1:2008ICS 75.060NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDNatural gas Naturalgas for use as acompressed fuel forvehiclesPart 1: Designation of the quality (ISO15403-1:2006)This British Standardwas published under theauthority of the Standard
2、sPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 31 December2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 65714 6Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN ISO 15403-1:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO15403-1:2008. It is identical to ISO 15403-1:2006. It supersedes BS
3、 ISO15403:2000 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PTI/15, Natural gas and gas analysis.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the nec
4、essary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 15403-1January 2008ICS 75.060English VersionNatural gas - Natural gas for use as a c
5、ompressed fuel forvehicles - Part 1: Designation of the quality (ISO 15403-1:2006)Gaz naturel - Gaz naturel pour usage comme carburantcomprim pour vhicules - Partie 1: Dsignation de laqualit (ISO 15403-1:2006)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 December 2007.CEN members are bound to com
6、ply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Manageme
7、nt Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theoff
8、icial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slov
9、enia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN nati
10、onal Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 15403-1:2008: EBS EN ISO 15403-1:2008ISO 15403-1:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Symbols and abbreviations9 5 Gas composition requirements10 6 Gas properties1
11、1 7 Driveability12 8 Test methods12 9 Sampling.13 Annex A (informative) Propane and butane content .14 Annex B (informative) Wobbe index range.16 Annex C (informative) Engine knock.18 Annex D (informative) Methane number and octane number.19 Annex E (informative) Water content of natural gas22 Bibli
12、ography 23 BS EN ISO 15403-1:2008ISO 15403-1:2006(E) iv ISO 2006 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out thro
13、ugh ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collabor
14、ates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standa
15、rds. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of t
16、his document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15403-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 193, Natural gas. This first edition of ISO 15403-1 cancels and replaces ISO 15403:2000, of which it constitutes a
17、 minor revision including the following changes: correction of the title to reflect that ISO 15403 is now formed of two parts; reformat the document in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, Fifth edition, 2004; reformat the references cited in Clause 2 and in the Bibliography, in accordanc
18、e with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, Fifth edition, 2004. ISO 15403 consists of the following parts, under the general title Natural gas Natural gas for use as a compressed fuel for vehicles: Part 1: Designation of the quality Part 2: Specification of the quality (Technical Report) BS EN ISO 15403
19、-1:2008ISO 15403-1:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved vIntroduction Natural gas has been used to some extent as a fuel for internal combustion engines in compressor stations, co-generation systems, and vehicles of various types for many years now. However, the prerequisites for growth, i.e. econom
20、ic viability and fuel availability, were generally not satisfied. Now, with the natural gas industry well established, supplying 20 % of the worlds primary energy, and the need for alternative, low-emission fuels, the situation has improved considerably. During the past decade, natural gas vehicles
21、have become a viable option with some five millions units now in use around the world. Growth is continuing as many governments actively promote this clean-burning fuel with its environmental benefits. Many fleet operators are converting their vehicles, and vehicle manufacturers are developing and m
22、arketing dedicated natural gas equipment. In the context of this International Standard, natural gas vehicles (NGVs) utilize compressed natural gas stored “on-board”. The pressure of the gas stored in multiple containers is up to a maximum 25 000 kPa. Although the pressure has to be reduced before c
23、ombustion, compression and storage gives NGVs an adequate range. While NGVs were initially equipped with converted gasoline or diesel engines, high-performance, dedicated natural gas engines are now being extensively developed and produced. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) may also be stored in the fuel
24、tanks of natural gas vehicles. This, however, will be the subject of a separate International Standard. This part of ISO 15403 for the quality designation of compressed natural gas is designed to stipulate the international requirements placed on the natural gas used as a motor fuel. Engine and vehi
25、cle manufacturers must know these requirements so they can develop high-performance equipment which runs on compressed natural gas. A technical report giving detailed data on the gas compositions used in this part of ISO 15403 is being published as ISO/TR 15403-2. BS EN ISO 15403-1:2008BS EN ISO 154
26、03-1:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15403-1:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 1Natural gas Natural gas for use as a compressed fuel for vehicles Part 1: Designation of the quality 1 Scope The aim of this part of ISO 15403 is to provide manufacturers, vehicle operators, fuelling station operators
27、and others involved in the compressed-natural-gas vehicle industry with information on the fuel quality for natural gas vehicles (NGVs) required to develop and operate compressed-natural-gas vehicle equipment successfully. Fuel meeting the requirements of this part of ISO 15403 should a) provide for
28、 the safe operation of the vehicle and associated equipment needed for its fuelling and maintenance; b) protect the fuel system from the detrimental effects of corrosion, poisoning, and liquid or solid deposition; c) provide satisfactory vehicle performance under any and all conditions of climate an
29、d driving demands. Some aspects of this part of ISO 15403 may also be applicable for the use of natural gas in stationary combustion engines. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited
30、 applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 6976:1995, Natural gas Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe index from composition 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the fo
31、llowing terms and definitions apply. Definitions were taken from ISO 14532 whenever possible. 3.1 natural gas complex mixture of hydrocarbons, primarily methane, but generally also including ethane, propane and higher hydrocarbons in much smaller amounts and some non-combustible gases, such as nitro
32、gen and carbon dioxide NOTE 1 Natural gas generally also includes minor amounts of trace constituents. BS EN ISO 15403-1:2008ISO 15403-1:2006(E) 2 ISO 2006 All rights reservedNOTE 2 Natural gas is produced and processed from the raw gas or liquefied natural gas and, if required, blended to the exten
33、t suitable for direct use (for example as gaseous fuel). NOTE 3 Natural gas remains in the gaseous state under the temperature and pressure conditions normally found in service. NOTE 4 Natural gas consists predominantly of methane (mole fraction greater than 0,70), and has a superior calorific value
34、 normally within the range 30 MJ/m3to 45 MJ/m3. It contains also ethane (typically up to 0,10 mole fraction), propane, butanes and higher alkanes in steadily decreasing amounts. Nitrogen and carbon dioxide are the principal non-combustible components, each present at levels which typically vary from
35、 less than 0,01 mole fraction to 0,20 mole fraction. Natural gas is processed from the raw gas so as to be suitable for use as industrial, commercial, residential fuel or as a chemical feedstock. The processing is intended to reduce the contents of potentially corrosive components, such as hydrogen
36、sulfide and carbon dioxide, and of other components, such as water and higher hydrocarbons, potentially condensable in the transmission and distribution of the gas. Hydrogen sulfide, organic sulfur compounds and water are then reduced to trace amounts, and high carbon dioxide contents are likely to
37、be reduced to below 0,05 mole fraction. Natural gas is normally technically free from aerosol, liquid and particulate matter. In some circumstances natural gas may be blended with town gas or coke oven gas, in which case hydrogen and carbon monoxide will be present in amounts up to 0,10 mole fractio
38、n and 0,03 mole fraction respectively. In this case, small amounts of ethylene may also be present. Natural gas may also be blended with LPG1)/air mixtures, in which case oxygen will be present, and the levels of propane and butanes will be considerably enhanced. NOTE 5 Pipeline quality natural gas
39、is one which has been processed so as to be suitable for direct use as industrial, commercial, residential fuel or as a chemical feed stock. The processing is intended to reduce the corrosive and toxicity effects of certain components, and to avoid condensation of water or hydrocarbons in the transm
40、ission and distribution of the gas. Hydrogen sulfide and water should only be present in trace amounts, and high carbon dioxide content is likely to be reduced. ISO 14532:2001, 2.1.1.1 3.2 substitute natural gas manufactured or blended gas which is interchangeable in its properties with natural gas
41、ISO 14532:2001, 2.1.1.3 NOTE Manufactured gas is sometimes called synthetic natural gas. 3.3 compressed natural gas natural gas used as a fuel for vehicles, typically compressed up to 20 000 kPa in the gaseous state ISO 14532:2001, 2.1.1.12 NOTE The maximum pressure for natural gas stored in a conta
42、iner is 25 000 kPa. 3.4 gas quality attribute of natural gas dependent on its composition and its physical properties ISO 14532:2001, 2.1.1.14 1) LPG = liquefied petroleum gas. BS EN ISO 15403-1:2008ISO 15403-1:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 33.5 normal reference conditions reference condition
43、s of pressure, temperature and humidity (state of saturation) equal to: 101,325 kPa and 273,15 K for a real, dry gas 3.6 standard reference conditions reference conditions of pressure, temperature and humidity (state of saturation) equal to: 101,325 kPa and 288,15 K for a real, dry gas NOTE 1 Good p
44、ractice requires that the reference conditions are incorporated as part of the symbol, and not of the unit, for the physical quantity represented. EXAMPLE ()Scrccrc mrcmrc, ,HpTVp T where SHsuperior calorific value on volumetric basis; Tcrctemperature of the combustion reference conditions; pcrcpres
45、sure of the combustion reference conditions; V(pmrc, Tmrc) volume at temperature and pressure of the metering reference conditions. NOTE 2 Standard reference conditions are also referred to as metric standard conditions. NOTE 3 The abbreviation s.t.p. (standard temperature and pressure) replaces the
46、 abbreviation N.T.P. (Normal Temperature and Pressure), as formerly used, and is defined as the condition of pressure and temperature equal to: 101,325 kPa and 288,15 K. No restriction is given on the state of saturation. ISO 14532:2001, 2.6.1.4 3.7 superior calorific value energy released as heat b
47、y the complete combustion in air of a specified quantity of gas, in such a way that the pressure p1at which the reaction takes place remains constant, and all the products of combustion are returned to the same specified temperature T1as that of the reactants, all of these products being in the gase
48、ous state except for water formed by combustion, which is condensed to the liquid state at T1 NOTE 1 Where the quantity of gas is specified on a molar basis, the calorific value, expressed in MJ/mol, is designated as: ()S11,H pT On a mass basis the calorific value, expressed in MJ/kg, is designated
49、as: ()S11,H pT Where the quantity of gas is specified on a volumetric basis, the calorific value, expressed in MJ/m3, is designated as: ()S11 22, ,HpTVpT where p2and T2are the gas volume (metering) reference conditions. BS EN ISO 15403-1:2008ISO 15403-1:2006(E) 4 ISO 2006 All rights reservedThe volumetric based calorific value should be specified to normal or standard reference conditions. NOTE 2 The terms gross, higher, upper and total calorific value, or heating value, are synonymous with superior calor
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