1、BS EN ISO15743:2008ICS 13.180,NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDErgonomics of thethermal environment Cold workplaces Risk assessmentand management (ISO15743:2008)This British Standardwas published underthe authority of theStandards Policy andStrate
2、gy Committee on 30November 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 55280 9Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN ISO 15743:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 15743:2008.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommitte
3、e PH/9/1, Thermal environments.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard
4、 cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 15743July 2008ICS 13.180English VersionErgonomics of the thermal environment - Cold workplaces - Riskassessment and management (ISO 15743:2008)Ergonomie des ambiances thermiques - Lieux de travaildans
5、 le froid - valuation et management des risques (ISO15743:2008)Ergonomie der thermischen Umgebung - Arbeitspltze inder Klte - Risikobewertung und Management (ISO15743:2008)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 June 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulat
6、ions which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This Europ
7、ean Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the nation
8、al standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Unit
9、ed Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 15743:2008:
10、EBS EN ISO 15743:2008EN ISO 15743:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 15743:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given th
11、e status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be t
12、he subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belg
13、ium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice
14、 The text of ISO 15743:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 15743:2008 without any modification. BS EN ISO 15743:2008ISO 15743:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Strategy for assess
15、ment and management . 2 4.1 Cold risk assessment. 2 4.2 Health assessment . 3 4.3 Cold risk management . 4 5 Practices for cold risk assessment and management 5 5.1 Responsibilities 5 5.2 Cold risk assessment. 5 5.3 Cold risk management . 6 Annex A (informative) Checklist for identifying cold-relate
16、d problems at work 8 Annex B (informative) Analysis of cold-related problems . 12 Annex C (informative) Guidelines for planning and managing cold work . 17 Annex D (informative) Cold work health questionnaire . 22 Annex E (informative) Cold work assessment and management in indoor work Example from
17、the food processing industry 26 Bibliography . 29 BS EN ISO 15743:2008ISO 15743:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Sta
18、ndards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also
19、take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees
20、 is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibi
21、lity that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15743 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 5, Ergonomics of the physical environment. BS EN
22、 ISO 15743:2008ISO 15743:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved vIntroduction This International Standard is one of a series of thermal standards (see Clause 2 and the Bibliography) intended to be used in the assessment and management of work in the cold, i.e. in conditions that cause uncomfortable se
23、nsations of cool or cold. In light physical work, these conditions can occur at 10 C or below. A number of industries, types of commerce and occupations involve substantial cold exposure, outdoors or indoors, where individual workers can also be exposed to windy and/or wet conditions. Working in col
24、d environments can involve several adverse effects on human performance and health: thermal discomfort, increased strain, decreased performance and cold-related diseases and injuries. Cold can also interfere with several other factors in the workplace, modifying or aggravating the risk of common haz
25、ards and increasing the risk of cold-associated injuries. Due to the negative impact of cold on human health and performance, as well as on work productivity, quality and safety, a comprehensive strategy of risk assessment and management practices and methods is needed for work in cold environments.
26、 Even though some of the standards referred to above describe specific methods (instruments and indices) to be used to assess the required insulation of clothing for different cold exposures (see ISO 11079), or physiological and psychological consequences related to different thermal exposures, an i
27、nstruction of practical application for cold working environments is lacking. This International Standard was created to specify methods and practices for assessing and managing occupational health and performance risks in cold work. The choice of when these are to be used is at the discretion of th
28、ose responsible for occupational health and/or safety. BS EN ISO 15743:2008BS EN ISO 15743:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15743:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1Ergonomics of the thermal environment Cold workplaces Risk assessment and management 1 Scope This International Standard presents a st
29、rategy and practical tools for assessing and managing cold risk in the workplace, and includes models and methods for cold risk assessment and management, a checklist for identifying cold-related problems at work, a model, method and questionnaire intended for use by occupational health care profess
30、ionals in identifying those individuals with symptoms that increase their cold sensitivity and, with the aid of such identification, offering optimal guidance and instructions for individual cold protection, guidelines on how to apply thermal standards and other validated scientific methods when ass
31、essing cold-related risks, and a practical example from cold work. This International Standard supports good occupational health and safety (OHS). It is applicable to both indoor and outdoor work situations indoor work includes work done inside vehicles, outdoor work both inland and offshore work bu
32、t is not applicable to diving situations or other types of work performed underwater. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
33、the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 9886:2004, Ergonomics Evaluation of thermal strain by physiological measurements ISO 12894, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Medical supervision of individuals exposed to extreme hot or cold environments ISO 13731, Ergonomics of th
34、e thermal environment Vocabulary and symbols ISO/TS 14415, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Application of International Standards to people with special requirements 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13731 apply. BS EN ISO 15743:2
35、008ISO 15743:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved4 Strategy for assessment and management 4.1 Cold risk assessment Cold risk assessment in the workplace follows the principles of risk assessment presented in ISO 15265 and generally accepted principles of risk assessment presented in, for example,
36、BS 8800. It consists of three stages. a) In stage 1 (observation) possible cold-related hazards at work are identified. This includes collecting qualitative information by an observation method (see 5.2 and Annex A). Based on the observed problems, management methods should be implemented in order t
37、o eliminate or reduce the source of harm. A further analysis should be conducted if the problem at work is not easily reduced or eliminated, or whenever it is uncertain whether the preventive actions have been sufficient to guarantee worker health and safety. b) Stage 2 (analysis) aims at quantifyin
38、g, analysing and estimating the cold-related effects observed in stage 1 and considered problems (see 5.3 and Annex B). The need for a further analysis in the workplace can also originate from the needs and definitions of occupational healthcare professionals, in assessing specific health-related pr
39、oblems in working situations. It is recommended that occupational health care or safety professionals conduct this analysis. To be able to perform the assessment, these persons should be provided with basic training related to cold, e.g. how to use the methods and estimate the risks. Based on the es
40、timated cold risk, appropriate cold risk management methods should be applied. If it is still uncertain as to whether the management methods are adequate to ensure the workers health and safety, a further analysis should be conducted (stage 3). c) Stage 3 (expertise) aims at quantifying, analysing a
41、nd estimating cold risks. It will deal with highly complex thermal working circumstances and require sophisticated or special measurements. This level should be conducted by the same persons as those involved in stage 2, with the additional assistance of highly specialized experts. The duration of a
42、n individual assessment is one day, or more, if necessary. The assessment is aimed at solving any specific cold-related problem found during stages 1 and/or 2. See 5.2.3. See Figure 1. BS EN ISO 15743:2008ISO 15743:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3Figure 1 Model for cold risk assessment in the
43、workplace 4.2 Health assessment Human responses to cold include complaints, decrease in performance, symptoms, attacks of diseases and cold injuries. The responses show a great individual variation and their presence is difficult to predict from the level of duration and intensity of cold exposure.
44、The only way to identify these responses is to collect information from the individuals. Cold-related health assessment is a three-stage medical screening conducted by occupational health professionals. Each stage involves identification of cold-related health risks both in the workplace as well as
45、assessing the health of individuals. a) Stage 1 consists of a health check (see Annex D). The method used is a medically-based questionnaire whose purpose is to identify potential individuals having cold-related diseases or cold-related personal working limitations. The factors to be identified are,
46、 for example, cold sensitivity, cold urticaria, respiratory symptoms, cardiovascular symptoms, peripheral circulatory disturbances, symptoms related to white fingers, musculoskeletal symptoms, the effect of cold on performance and the occurrence of local cold injuries. As a result of stage 1 of the
47、assessment, those individuals with no personal need for any further analysis with regards to cold are identified. b) Stage 2 is largely taken up by an interview and a clinical investigation of persons suspected of having a cold-related individual health problem. The content of the interview and clin
48、ical investigation is dependent on the results of the preliminary questionnaire and is symptom- or disease-specific. If cold-related diseases or working limitation are recognized, an additional risk evaluation (Annex B) in the workplace might be needed. c) Stage 3: if there are still some open quest
49、ions on the individuals health status or other cold consequences, a more detailed analysis in a hospital expert unit or units or a provocation laboratory might be needed. When evaluating health aspects, it is important also to utilize the information obtained from the workplace risk assessment, e.g. the risk check at stage 1 and possibly more quantitative information from stages 2 and 3. See Figure 2. BS EN ISO 15743:2008ISO 15743:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reservedFigure 2 Relationship between cold risk assessmen
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