1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 15791-1:2013Plastics Development anduse of intermediate-scale firetests for plastics productsPart 1: General guidanceBS EN ISO 15791-1:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO15791-1:2013. It is identical to ISO
2、 15791-1:2014. It supersedes BS ENISO 15791-1:2004 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/21, Testing of plastics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not pur
3、port to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 69411 0ICS 13.220.40; 83.080.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal
4、 obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 15791-1 December 2013 ICS 13.220.40; 83.080.01 Supersede
5、s EN ISO 15791-1:2004English Version Plastics - Development and use of intermediate-scale fire tests for plastics products - Part 1: General guidance (ISO 15791-1:2014) Plastiques - Dveloppement et utilisation des essais au feu une chelle intermdiaire pour les produits plastiques - Partie 1: Lignes
6、directrices gnrales (ISO 15791-1:2014)Kunststoffe - Entwicklung und Anwendung von Brandprfungen im mittleren Mastab fr Kunststofferzeugnisse - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anleitung (ISO 15791-1:2014) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 November 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/
7、CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Cent
8、re or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the
9、 official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherl
10、ands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All right
11、s of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 15791-1:2013 EBS EN ISO 15791-1:2013EN ISO 15791-1:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 15791-1:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” in collaboration with T
12、echnical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn a
13、t the latest by June 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 15791-1:2004. According to
14、the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
15、 Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 15791-1:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 15791-1:2013 with
16、out any modification. BS EN ISO 15791-1:2013ISO 15791-1:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Types of plastics and typical products . 24.1 Generic types 24.2 Typical applications 24.3 Composites
17、. 34.4 End-use conditions 35 Fire scenarios . 35.1 General . 35.2 Ignition stage 35.3 Fire growth stage 35.4 Large room fire . 46 Thermal characteristics of ignition sources 57 Design requirements .108 Guidance for intermediate scale tests .119 Examples of intermediate-scale tests for plastics produ
18、cts .129.1 IEC 61034-2 3 m cube test . 129.2 ISO 5658-4 Vertical flame spread test . 129.3 ISO 14696 Intermediate-scale calorimeter (ICAL) test 129.4 EN 13823 Single burning item (SBI) test 129.5 ISO 24473 Open calorimetry . 139.6 ISO 21367 Medium scale fire test for plastics .1310 Test report 13Ann
19、ex A (normative) Different scale fire tests for obtaining information on fire performance of material and product 14Annex B (informative) Example of reference scenarios 17Bibliography .18BS EN ISO 15791-1:2013ISO 15791-1:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a wo
20、rldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented o
21、n that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this
22、document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Dire
23、ctives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directivesAttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development
24、of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patentsAny trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms
25、 and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC
26、 4, Burning behaviour.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15791-1:2002), which has been technically revised.ISO 15791 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics Development and use of intermediate-scale fire tests for plastics products: Part 1: Gene
27、ral guidanceGuidance on product fire testing for semi-finished and finished products is to form the subject of a future part 2.iv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 15791-1:2013ISO 15791-1:2014(E)IntroductionProducts for many applications are made of or contain substantial proportions of plastics
28、. The fire performance of a product depends on the materials from which it is made, the design of the product and its environment.Industry needs to test products used for different applications for regulatory, quality control, development and pre-selection purposes.Numerous regulations and regional,
29、 state and local codes make reference to combustibility tests and standards, and ranking of products derived from these tests are the most commonly available means of comparing the various combustion characteristics of products. More than one test and possibly intermediate- or full-scale tests may b
30、e necessary to qualify products containing plastics for intended or proposed use or representative product end-use conditions. ISO 2014 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 15791-1:2013BS EN ISO 15791-1:2013Plastics Development and use of intermediate-scale fire tests for plastics products Part 1: General
31、 guidance1 ScopeThis part of ISO 15791 provides a framework guide for the development and use of intermediate-scale fire tests for products made of or containing plastics.The guidance identifies typical applications of plastics products and possible fire scenarios that can arise involving products i
32、n these applications. The development and use of intermediate-scale tests is described to ensure their relevance to the end use of the product.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. Fo
33、r dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 13943, Fire safety Vocabulary3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13943 and the
34、 following apply.3.1fire scenarioqualitative description of the course of a fire with respect to time, identifying key events that characterize the studied fire and differentiate itSOURCE: of ISO 13943:2008, definition 4.129, modified.3.2intermediate-scale fire testfire test performed on a test spec
35、imen of medium dimensionsSOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, definition 4.200, modified The note has been omitted.3.3large-scale fire testfire test that cannot be carried out in a typical laboratory chamber, performed on a test specimen of large dimensionsSOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, definition 4.205, modified The n
36、ote has been omitted.3.4productmanufactured article ready for end useINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15791-1:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 15791-1:2013ISO 15791-1:2014(E)3.5materialbasic single substance or uniformly dispersed mixtureNote 1 to entry: Metal, stone, timber, concrete, mine
37、ral fibre and polymers are examples.SOURCE: ISO 5659-2:2012, 3.63.6semi-finished productmanufactured articles ready for assembly for an end use application3.7small-scale fire testfire test performed on a test specimen of small dimensionsSOURCE: of ISO 13943:2008, definition 4.292, modified The note
38、has been omitted.3.8test specimenitem subjected to a procedure of assessment or measurementSOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, definition 4.321, modified The note has been omitted.4 Types of plastics and typical products4.1 Generic typesProducts containing materials that are either thermoplastics or thermosets
39、are subject to a fire performance assessment. Such plastics can be elastomers, fibres or foams (cellular materials) and can contain additives (including fibre reinforcements).4.2 Typical applicationsSome typical applications for plastics, which present particular problems in small-scale tests for th
40、eir fire performance assessment and which may require the use of intermediate-scale fire testing, are listed below: semi-finished products; housings for electrical appliances; profiled sheets, e.g. roofing, or panels for containers; profiles, e.g. conduits for electric cables, window-frames, extrude
41、d sections; weatherproof glazing for agricultural buildings; foam pipe-sections; pipes, e.g. rainwater drainage and discharge pipes; furniture, e.g. chairs; pipes for air ventilation systems in e.g. ships, trains, aircraft; containers for liquids (e.g. oil, kerosene); waste containers (for recycling
42、 materials or for rubbish).NOTE This list is not exhaustive.2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 15791-1:2013ISO 15791-1:2014(E)4.3 CompositesThe following special composites should be considered: laminates, e.g. melamine-formaldehyde-covered chipboard; laminated film and sheet, e.g. weatherproof
43、ing membranes; moulded foams, e.g. for packaging; structural mouldings, e.g. for ships, lorries, coaches, trains; composite panels, e.g. rigid foams faced with metal sheets (especially steel or aluminium sheets) or inorganics (especially gypsum or plasterboard) for thermal insulation; fibre-reinforc
44、ed products.4.4 End-use conditionsAssessment of structural composite panels, thermoplastic glazing and similar plastics products, etc. can only be done by taking into account their end-use conditions and installations. Orientation of test specimens with respect to the ignition source of the fire tes
45、t should reflect the actual possible heat exposure at the end use condition. For non-planar products, different parts of the specimen will be heated at different flux levels at any given time.5 Fire scenarios5.1 GeneralThe fire scenario (see 3.1) should reproduce the conditions in which the hazard e
46、xists. Any additional assumptions, such as the environmental conditions, should be defined. The subject of the assessment, i.e. the material, product or system, should be determined by an investigation of the contribution of the subject in the assumed fire scenario and the stage of the fire.NOTE Ann
47、ex B gives examples of standardized reference test scenarios.5.2 Ignition stageThe ignition source used in the test should represent the fire hazard in end use conditions and may result in different fire responses of the materials and product. The ignition source may pose a variety of hazards depend
48、ent on the associated environmental conditions and on a number of characteristic fire test responses of materials, products or assemblies, including ease of ignition, flame spread, rate of heat release, smoke generation, toxicity of combustion products and ease of extinction.5.3 Fire growth stageIn
49、small rooms, the typical primary ignition source is small, e.g. candles, matches and hot electrical wires. The relevant parameters for further assessing the fire hazard are flame spread and rate of heat release. Combustible materials in the vicinity of the first ignited item are heated by convection and irradiance, and the oxygen content in the room air, almost 21 % initially, begins to decrease. After a certain time, flashover may occur, at which stage the room temperature can exceed 500 C and t
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