EN ISO 15985-2017 en Plastics - Determination of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradation under high-solids anaerobic-digestion conditions - Method by analysis of released biogas.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Plastics Determination of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradation under high-solids anaerobic-digestion conditions Method by analysis of released biogas (ISO 15985:2014)BS EN ISO 15985:2017EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENN

2、E EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 15985 December 2017 ICS 83.080.01 English Version Plastics - Determination of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradation under high-solids anaerobic-digestion conditions - Method by analysis of released biogas (ISO 15985:2014) Plastiques - valuation de la biodgradation anarobie u

3、ltime dans des conditions de digestion anarobie teneur leve en solides - Mthode par analyse du biogaz libr (ISO 15985:2014) Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der vollstndigen anaeroben biologischen Abbaubarkeit unter anaeroben High-Solid-Aufschlussbedingungen - Verfahren mittels Analyse des freigesetzten Bio

4、gases (ISO 15985:2014)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 October 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists a

5、nd bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the

6、 responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugosl

7、av Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT E

8、UROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 15985:2017 ENational forewordThis British Standard is

9、the UK implementation of EN ISO 15985:2017. It is identical to ISO 15985:2014. It supersedes BS ISO 15985:2014, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/21, Testing of plastics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obt

10、ained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2018 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2018ISBN 978 0 580 97999 6ICS 83.080.01Compliance wi

11、th a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected28 February 2018 This corrigendum renumbers BS IS

12、O 15985:2014 as BS EN ISO 15985:2017BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 15985:2017EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 15985 December 2017 ICS 83.080.01 English Version Plastics - Determination of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradation under high-solids anaerobic-digestion conditions - Meth

13、od by analysis of released biogas (ISO 15985:2014) Plastiques - valuation de la biodgradation anarobie ultime dans des conditions de digestion anarobie teneur leve en solides - Mthode par analyse du biogaz libr (ISO 15985:2014) Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der vollstndigen anaeroben biologischen Abbauba

14、rkeit unter anaeroben High-Solid-Aufschlussbedingungen - Verfahren mittels Analyse des freigesetzten Biogases (ISO 15985:2014)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 October 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for gi

15、ving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three of

16、ficial versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies

17、of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Sloveni

18、a, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved wo

19、rldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 15985:2017 EBS EN ISO 15985:2017EN ISO 15985:2017 (E) 3 European foreword The text of ISO 15985:2014 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as

20、EN ISO 15985:2017 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2018, and conflicting national standard

21、s shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, t

22、he national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latv

23、ia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 15985:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 15985:2017 without any modification. BS EN ISO 159

24、85:2017ISO 15985:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 25 Test environment . 26 Reagents 27 Apparatus . 38 Procedure. 38.1 Preparation of the inoculum . 38.2 Preparation of test material

25、 and reference material 48.3 Start-up of the test . 48.4 Incubation period . 48.5 Termination of the test . 59 Calculation and expression of results . 59.1 Calculation of gaseous carbon . 59.2 Calculation of the percentage biodegradation . 59.3 Calculation of loss in mass 69.4 Expression of results

26、610 Validity of results . 611 Test report . 6Annex A (informative) Principle of test system . 8Annex B (informative) Example of loss in mass determination . 9Bibliography .10BS EN ISO 15985:2017ISO 15985:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federatio

27、n of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee.

28、 International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and thos

29、e intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (s

30、ee www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the doc

31、ument will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms an

32、d expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 5

33、, Physical-chemical properties.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15985:2004). It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 15985:2004/Cor.1:2007.The main changes are:a) requirements regarding disintegration removed in the whole document;b) units added where necess

34、ary;c) bibliography updated.iv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 15985:2017ISO 15985:2014(E)IntroductionNew types of plastic are being developed in which biodegradability is a specifically sought-for characteristic. These plastics and derived products can be added to or used as feedstock for bio

35、logical recycling and recovery in aerobic composting plants or anaerobic biogasification plants. To make sure these plastics are fit for biological recycling, their biodegradability must be demonstrated, preferably by standard test methods.Standard test methods which determine the degree of biodegra

36、dation under aerobic, high-solids conditions have been developed (e.g. ISO 14855-1 and ISO 14855-2). However, it is well known from the literature that the degree of biodegradation can differ significantly depending on the environmental conditions such as the presence or the absence of oxygen (aerob

37、ic or anaerobic). To have a complete understanding of the biodegradation characteristics of a plastic under these different environmental conditions, various methods are required.This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradation of plastic

38、materials under high-solids conditions. This is representative of systems for the anaerobic biogasification of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. Another method for determining the degree of anaerobic biodegradation is ISO 11734. However, this method is designed for soluble test material

39、s in aqueous test conditions and at low concentrations (typically detergents) which is not typical of plastics. ISO 2014 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 15985:2017Plastics Determination of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradation under high-solids anaerobic-digestion conditions Method by analysis of rel

40、eased biogas1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a method for the evaluation of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradability of plastics based on organic compounds under high-solids anaerobic-digestion conditions by measurement of evolved biogas at the end of the test. This method is designed to

41、simulate typical anaerobic digestion conditions for the organic fraction of mixed municipal solid waste. The test material is exposed in a laboratory test to a methanogenic inoculum derived from anaerobic digesters operating only on pretreated household waste. The anaerobic decomposition takes place

42、 under high-solids (more than 20 % total solids) and static non-mixed conditions. The test method is designed to yield the percentage of carbon in the test material and its rate of conversion to evolved carbon dioxide and methane (biogas).The conditions described in this International Standard might

43、 not always correspond to the optimum conditions for the maximum degree of biodegradation to occur.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited a

44、pplies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 8245, Water quality Guidelines for the determination of total organic carbon (TOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the foll

45、owing terms and definitions apply.3.1ultimate anaerobic biodegradationbreakdown of an organic compound by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen to carbon dioxide, methane, water, and mineral salts of any other elements present (mineralization) plus new biomass3.2total dry solidsamount of solids ob

46、tained by taking a known mass of test material or inoculum and drying at about 105 C to constant mass3.3volatile solidsamount of solids obtained by subtracting the residue of a known mass of test material or inoculum after incineration at about 550 C from the total dry solids content of the same sam

47、pleNote 1 to entry: The volatile solids content is an indication of the amount of organic matter present.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15985:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 15985:2017ISO 15985:2014(E)3.4lag phasetime, measured in days, from the start of a test until adaptation and/or se

48、lection of the degrading microorganisms is achieved and the degree of biodegradation of a chemical compound or organic matter has increased to about 10 % of the maximum level of biodegradation3.5maximum level of biodegradationdegree of biodegradation, measured in per cent, of a chemical compound or

49、organic matter in a test, above which no further biodegradation takes place during the test3.6biodegradation phasetime, measured in days, from the end of the lag phase of a test until about 90 % of the maximum level of biodegradation has been reached3.7plateau phasetime, measured in days, from the end of the biodegradation phase until the end of the test4 PrincipleThe test method is designed to be an optimized simulation of an intensive anaerobic digestion process and determines the ultimate biodegradability of a test materia