EN ISO 16000-15-2008 en Indoor air - Part 15 Sampling strategy for nitrogen dioxide (NO2)《室内空气 第15部分 二氧化氮(NO2)用取样策略》.pdf

1、BS EN ISO16000-15:2008ICS 13.040.20,NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDIndoor airPart 15: Sampling strategy for nitrogendioxide (NO2) (ISO 16000-15:2008)This British Standardwas published underthe authority of theStandards Policy andStrategy Committ

2、ee on 3ember 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 56565 6Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN ISO 16000-15:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16000-15:2008.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EH/2/3, A

3、mbient atmospheres.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot conf

4、er immunityfrom legal obligations.1DecEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 16000-15July 2008ICS 13.040.20English VersionIndoor air - Part 15: Sampling strategy for nitrogen dioxide(NO2) (ISO 16000-15:2008)Air intrieur - Partie 15: Stratgie dchantillonnage dudioxyde dazote (NO2) (ISO

5、 16000-15:2008)Innenraumluftverunreinigungen - Teil 15:Probenahmestrategie fr Stickstoffdioxid (NO2) (ISO16000-15:2008)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 July 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this E

6、uropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (Engli

7、sh, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cy

8、prus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMI

9、T EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 16000-15:2008: EBS EN ISO 16000-15:2008EN ISO 16000-15:2008 (E) 3

10、 Foreword This document (EN ISO 16000-15:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146 “Air quality“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either

11、 by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or

12、 CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic,

13、Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 16000-15:2008 has been

14、 approved by CEN as a EN ISO 16000-15:2008 without any modification. BS EN ISO 16000-15:2008ISO 16000-15:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction . vi 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Properties, origin and occurrence of nitrogen dioxide1 4 Regulations 2 5 M

15、easurement technique3 5.1 General3 5.2 Short-term measurements 3 5.3 Long-term measurements.3 5.4 Pre-testing 4 6 Measurement planning4 6.1 General4 6.2 Measurement objective and boundary conditions.4 6.3 Measurement time .6 6.4 Sampling period and measurement frequency 6 6.5 Measurement location.7

16、6.6 Measurement uncertainty and presentation of result7 6.7 Quality assurance7 Annex A (informative) Information on diffusive samplers 9 Annex B (informative) Examples of screening tests .10 Bibliography 11 BS EN ISO 16000-15:2008ISO 16000-15:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the

17、International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee

18、 has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnic

19、al standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bo

20、dies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying an

21、y or all such patent rights. ISO 16000-15 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6, Indoor air. ISO 16000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Indoor air : Part 1: General aspects of sampling strategy Part 2: Sampling strategy for formaldehyd

22、e Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds Active sampling method Part 4: Determination of formaldehyde Diffusive sampling method Part 5: Sampling strategy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber a

23、ir by active sampling on Tenax TAsorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using MS/FID Part 7: Sampling strategy for determination of airborne asbestos fibre concentrations Part 8: Determination of local mean ages of air in buildings for characterizing ventilation conditions Part 9: Determ

24、ination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and furnishing Emission test chamber method Part 10: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and furnishing Emission test cell method Part 11: Determination of the emission of vola

25、tile organic compounds from building products and furnishing Sampling, storage of samples and preparation of test specimens Part 12: Sampling strategy for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polycyclic aromatic hydroc

26、arbons (PAHs) Part 13: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Collection on sorbent-backed filters BS EN ISO 16000-15:2008ISO 16000-15:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved v Part 1

27、4: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Extraction, clean-up and analysis by high-resolution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry Part 15: Sampling strategy for nitrogen dioxide

28、(NO2) Part 16: Detection and enumeration of moulds Sampling by filtration Part 17: Detection and enumeration of moulds Culture-based method Part 23: Performance test for evaluating the reduction of formaldehyde concentrations by sorptive building materials The following parts are under preparation:

29、Part 18: Detection and enumeration of moulds Sampling by impaction Part 19: Sampling strategy for moulds Part 24: Performance test for evaluating the reduction of the concentrations of volatile organic compounds and carbonyl compounds without formaldehyde concentrations by sorptive building material

30、s Part 25: Determination of the emission of semi-volatile organic compounds by building products Micro-chamber method Part 28: Sensory evaluation of emissions from building materials and products The following parts are planned: Part 20: Detection and enumeration of moulds Sampling from house dust P

31、art 21: Detection and enumeration of moulds Sampling from materials Part 22: Detection and enumeration of moulds Molecular methods Part 27: Standard method for the quantitative analysis of asbestos fibres in settled dust Furthermore, ISO 12219-11), Indoor air Road vehicles Part 1: Whole vehicle test

32、 chamber Specification and method for the determination of volatile organic compounds in car interiors, and the two International Standards for indoor air, ambient air and workplace atmosphere, ISO 16017-144on pumped sampling and ISO 16017-245on diffusive sampling focus on volatile organic compound

33、(VOC) measurements. 1) Under preparation. BS EN ISO 16000-15:2008ISO 16000-15:2008(E) vi ISO 2008 All rights reservedIntroduction In ISO 16000-1, general requirements relating to the measurement of indoor air pollutants and the important conditions to be observed before or during the sampling of ind

34、ividual pollutants or groups of pollutants are described. This part of ISO 16000 describes basic aspects to be considered when working out a sampling strategy for the measurements of nitrogen dioxide in indoor air. It is intended to be a link between ISO 16000-1, Indoor air Part 1: General aspects o

35、f sampling strategy, and the analytical procedures. This part of ISO 16000 presupposes knowledge of ISO 16000-1. This part of ISO 16000 uses the definition for indoor environment defined in ISO 16000-1and Reference 1 as dwellings having living rooms, bedrooms, DIY (do-it-yourself) rooms, recreation

36、rooms and cellars, kitchens and bathrooms, workrooms or work places in buildings which are not subject to health and safety inspections with regard to air pollutants (for example, offices, sales premises), public buildings (for example hospitals, schools, kindergartens, sports halls, libraries, rest

37、aurants and bars, theatres, cinemas and other function rooms), and also cabins of vehicles and public transport. The sampling strategy procedure described in this part of ISO 16000 is based on VDI 4300-5 2. BS EN ISO 16000-15:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16000-15:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserv

38、ed 1Indoor air Part 15: Sampling strategy for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) 1 Scope This part of ISO 16000 specifies the planning of nitrogen dioxide indoor pollution measurements. In the case of indoor air measurements, the careful planning of sampling and the entire measurement strategy are of particular

39、 significance since the result of the measurement may have far-reaching consequences, for example, with regard to ascertaining the need for remedial action or the success of such an action. An inappropriate measurement strategy may lead to misrepresentation of the true conditions or, worse, to erron

40、eous results. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 16000-1:

41、2004, Indoor air Part 1: General aspects of sampling strategy 3 Properties, origin and occurrence of nitrogen dioxide Nitrogen dioxide (NO2, CAS No. 10102-44-0) is one of the important substances of the class of nitrous gases or nitrogen oxides. NO2is a reddish-brown gas with a sweet to pungent odou

42、r, which is also present to a minor extent as dimeric colourless N2O4. Information on properties of NO2and its effects on humans is summarized elsewhere (see References 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7). In all combustion processes, nitrogen oxides (NOx) are formed by reaction of nitrogen and oxygen. The main combu

43、stion product is nitrogen monoxide (NO), a certain fraction of which reacts further with oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide. This reaction is exothermic so that cooling combustion exhaust gases promotes this secondary NO2formation. In ambient air, heating power stations, motor vehicles, industrial heat

44、ing systems and building heating systems are the most important emission sources of NO2. Indoor NO2emissions are formed from combustion sources such as heating and cooking with solid fuel (wood, coal), liquid fuel (oil, kerosene) or gaseous fuel town gas, natural gas, bottled gas (propane, butane),

45、especially in the initial heating phase. An unflued appliance that releases combustion gases directly into the indoor air can be a particularly strong source. In the literature, there are many reports on the results of NO2determinations in indoor air (see References 4, 8, and 9). On the basis of the

46、se results, the average concentrations may range from under 10 g/m3to 800 g/m3under different conditions 2). 2) In the literature, some concentrations are also reported in ppm (1 mg/m3corresponds to 0,53 ppm at 293 K and 1,013 bar). BS EN ISO 16000-15:2008ISO 16000-15:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights r

47、eservedThe concentration measured in indoor air is influenced by the frequency, duration and intensity of the indoor combustion processes. The air change rate with the outdoors and the NO2concentration of the ambient air affect indoor NO2concentrations. Further, decomposition reactions, i.e. those a

48、ided by indoor materials and surfaces, cause a decrease in NO2concentration. The emissions from gas or kerosene apparatus can vary considerably. Thus, at the same output, kerosene heaters (see Reference 10) were found to give values that were four times higher than those from gas heaters (see Refere

49、nce 11). These concentrations are of particular importance if the combustion gases are in connection with the indoor air, as is the case in non-hermetically sealed exhaust air systems. Tobacco smoke also contributes to NO2concentrations. 4 Regulations Table 1 contains the Air Quality Guidelines (AQG) of the World Health Organization (WHO) 5 6, the risk-related guide values for indoor air of the ad hoc working group Innenra