1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 17225-1:2014Solid biofuels Fuel specifications and classesPart 1: General r e q u i r e m e n t sBS EN ISO 17225-1:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 17225-1:2014. It supersedes BS EN 14961-1:2010 which is
2、 withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PTI/17, Solid biofuels.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Us
3、ers are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 78139 1 ICS 27.190; 75.160.10 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the a
4、uthority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 17225-1 May 2014 ICS 27.190; 75.160.10 Supersedes EN 14961-1:2010English Version Solid biofuels -
5、Fuel specifications and classes - Part 1: General requirements (ISO 17225-1:2014) Biocombustibles solides - Classes et spcifications des combustibles - Partie 1: Exigences gnrales (ISO 17225-1:2014) Feste Biobrennstoffe - Brennstoffspezifikationen und -klassen - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen (ISO
6、 17225-1:2014) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 April 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliog
7、raphical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsib
8、ility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republi
9、c of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALIS
10、ATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 17225-1:2014 EBS EN ISO 17225-1:2014EN ISO 17225-1:2014 (E) 3 Foreword T
11、his document (EN ISO 17225-1:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238 “Solidbiofuels” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels” the secretariat of which isheld by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publ
12、ication of an identicaltext or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawnat the latest by November 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patentrights. CEN and/or CENELEC
13、shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 14961-1:2010. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and theEuropean Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s
14、). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Ge
15、rmany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 17225-1:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 17225
16、-1:2014 without any modification. BS EN ISO 17225-1:2014ISO 17225-1:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 35 Principle 36 Classification of origin and sources of so
17、lid biofuels . 46.1 General . 46.2 Woody biomass . 96.3 Herbaceous biomass 96.4 Fruit biomass 96.5 Aquatic biomass 106.6 Biomass blends and mixtures . 107 Specification of solid biofuels based on traded forms and properties .107.1 Traded forms of solid biofuels 107.2 Specification of properties of s
18、olid biofuels .11Annex A (informative) Illustrations of typical forms of wood fuels 37Annex B (informative) Typical values of solid biomass fuels 39Annex C (informative) Examples of possible causes for deviant levels for different properties and of consequences of handling and treatments for the pro
19、perties of biomass .49Annex D (informative) Calculation of the net calorific value at different bases and energy density as received 51Annex E (informative) Comparison of moisture content as received and dry basis 54Bibliography .56BS EN ISO 17225-1:2014ISO 17225-1:2014(E)ForewordISO (the Internatio
20、nal Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
21、established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standar
22、dization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance
23、 with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of a
24、ny patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsemen
25、t.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible
26、for this document is ISO/TC 238, Solid biofuels.ISO 17225 consists of the following parts, under the general title Solid biofuels Fuel specifications and classes: Part 1: General requirements Part 2: Graded wood pellets Part 3: Graded wood briquettes Part 4: Graded wood chips Part 5: Graded firewood
27、 Part 6: Graded non-woody pellets Part 7: Graded non-woody briquettesiv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 17225-1:2014ISO 17225-1:2014(E)IntroductionThe objective of the ISO 17225 series is to provide unambiguous and clear classification principles for solid biofuels and to serve as a tool to en
28、able efficient trading of biofuels and to enable good understanding between seller and buyer as well as a tool for communication with equipment manufacturers. It will also facilitate authority permission procedures and reporting.The ISO 17225 series is made for all stakeholders.Solid biomass covers
29、organic, non-fossil material of biological origin which may be used as fuel for heat and electrical generation.Figure 1 describes the bioenergy utilization chain from sources of biomass, to biofuel production to final use of bioenergy. Although biomass can be used for energy generation it has many o
30、ther primary uses (non-fuels) as a raw material for construction, furniture, packaging, paper products, etc.Figure 1 ISO TC 238 within the biomass Biofuel Bioenergy fieldThe classifications given in this International Standard are provided with the objective of using biomass as a solid biofuel and t
31、herefore do not deal with all other uses.Although these product standards may be obtained separately, they require a general understanding of the standards based on and supporting ISO 17225-1. It is recommended to obtain and use ISO 17225-1 in conjunction with these standards.In these product standa
32、rds, graded means that solid biofuel is used either in commercial applications, such as in households and small commercial and public sector buildings or industrial applications, which demand the use of fuels with specified quality (properties) expressed by quality classes like A1, A2 or B. ISO 2014
33、 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 17225-1:2014ISO 17225-1:2014(E)BS EN ISO 17225-1:2014Solid biofuels Fuel specifications and classes Part 1: General requirements1 ScopeThis part of ISO 17225 determines the fuel quality classes and specifications for solid biofuels of raw and processed materials origi
34、nating froma) forestry and arboriculture;b) agriculture and horticulture;c) aquaculture.Chemically treated material may not include halogenated organic compounds or heavy metals at levels higher than those in typical virgin material values (see Annex B) or higher than typical values of the country o
35、f origin.NOTE Raw and processed material includes woody, herbaceous, fruit, aquatic biomass and biodegradable waste originating from above sectors.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its
36、application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.NOTE ISO standards describing methods for analysis of fuel properties listed in the Bibliography, will become normative referenc
37、es when they are published.ISO 16559, Solid biofuels Terminology, definitions and descriptions1)ISO 16948, Solid biofuels Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen2)ISO 16967, Solid biofuels Determination of major elements3)ISO 16968, Solid biofuels Determination of minor eleme
38、nts4)ISO 16993, Solid biofuels Conversion of analytical results from one basis to another5)ISO 16994, Solid biofuels Determination of total content of sulfur and chlorine6)ISO 17828, Solid biofuels Determination of bulk density7)1) To be published.2) To be published.3) To be published.4) To be publi
39、shed.5) To be published.6) To be published.7) To be published.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17225-1:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 17225-1:2014ISO 17225-1:2014(E)ISO 17829, Solid biofuels Determination of length and diameter for pellets8)ISO 17831-1, Solid biofuels Determination of mec
40、hanical durability of pellets and briquettes Part 1: Pellets9)ISO 17831-2, Solid biofuels Determination of mechanical durability of pellets and briquettes Part 2: Briquettes10)ISO 18122, Solid biofuels Determination of ash content11)ISO 18123, Solid biofuels Determination of the content of volatile
41、matter12)ISO 18134-1, Solid biofuels Determination of moisture content Oven dry method Part 1: Total moisture Reference method13)ISO 18134-2, Solid biofuels Determination of moisture content Oven dry method Part 2: Total moisture Simplified method14)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this do
42、cument, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16559 and the following apply.3.1chemical treatmentany treatment with chemicals other than air, water or heatNote 1 to entry: Examples of chemical treatments are listed in informative Annex C.3.2commercial applicationfacility that utilize solid biofuel
43、burning appliances or equipment that have similar fuel requirements as residential appliancesNote 1 to entry: Commercial applications should not be confused with industrial applications, which can utilize a much wider array of materials and have vastly different fuel requirements.8) To be published.
44、9) To be published.10) To be published.11) To be published.12) To be published.13) To be published.14) To be published.2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 17225-1:2014ISO 17225-1:2014(E)4 Symbols and abbreviated termsThe symbols and abbreviated terms used in this part of ISO 17225 comply with th
45、e SI system of units as far as possible.d dry (dry basis)daf dry, ash-freear as receivedw-% weight-percentageA Designation for ash content on dry basis Adw-%BD Designation for bulk density as received kg/m3C Designation for fixed carbon on dry basis Cfw-%D Designation for diameter as received, D mmD
46、E Designation for particle density as received g/cm3DU Designation for mechanical durability as received w-%E Designation for energy density as received, EarMJ/m3or kWh/m3loose or stacked volume (amount of energy/volume unit)F Designation for amount of fines as received w-%L Designation for length a
47、s received L mmM Designation for moisture content as received on wet basis, Marw-%P Designation for particle size distribution on analysis moisture basisqV,gr, dGross calorific value at constant volume on dry basis MJ/kg or kWh/kgqp,net,dNet calorific value at constant pressure on dry basis MJ/kg or
48、 kWh/kgQ Designation for net calorific value as received, qp,net,arMJ/kg or kWh/kg or MWh/t at constant pressureU Designation for moisture content as received on dry basis Uarw-%VM Designation for volatile matter on dry basis w-%NOTE 1 Fixed carbon (%) is calculated by the following: 100 - moisture
49、(w-%) + ash (w-%)+volatile matter (w-%). All percentages are on the same moisture base.NOTE 2 1 MJ/kg equals 0,277 8 kWh/kg (1 kWh/kg equals 1 MWh/t and 1 MWh/t is 3,6 MJ/kg). 1 g/cm3equals 1 kg/dm3. 1 mg/kg equals 0,000 1 % or 1 ppm.NOTE 3 Designation symbols are used in combination with a number to specify property levels in Tables 3 to 16. For designation of chemical properties, chemical symbols such as S (sulfur), Cl (chlorine), and N (nitrogen) are used and the
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