EN ISO 18830-2017 en Plastics - Determination of aerobic biodegradation of nonfloating plastic materials in a seawater sandy sediment interface - Method by measuring the oxygen dem.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Plastics - Determination of aerobic biodegradation of non-floating plastic materials in a seawater/sandy sediment interface - Method by measuring the oxygen demand in closed respirometer (ISO 18830:2016)BS EN ISO 18830:

2、2017EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 18830 December 2017 ICS 83.080.01 English Version Plastics - Determination of aerobic biodegradation of non-floating plastic materials in a seawater/sandy sediment interface - Method by measuring the oxygen demand in closed respirometer (I

3、SO 18830:2016) Plastiques - Dtermination de la biodgradation arobie des matires plastiques immerges linterface eau de mer/sdiments sableux - Mthode par mesurage de la demande en oxygne dans un respiromtre ferm (ISO 18830:2016) Kunststoffe - Bestimmung des aeroben Bioabbaus von nicht-schwimmenden Kun

4、ststoffmaterialien in einer Meerwasser/Sediment-Schnittstelle - Prfverfahren mittels Messung des Sauerstoffbedarfes in einem geschlossenen Respirometer (ISO 18830:2016) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 October 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regula

5、tions which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member

6、. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN

7、 members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, P

8、ortugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploi

9、tation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 18830:2017 ENational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 18830:2017. It is identical to ISO 18830:2016. It supersedes BS ISO 18830:2016, which is withdrawn.The UK participati

10、on in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/21, Testing of plastics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for

11、its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2018 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2018ISBN 978 0 580 98001 5ICS 83.080.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy

12、and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected31 March 2018 This corrigendum renumbers BS ISO 18830:2016 as BS EN ISO 18830:2017BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 18830:2017EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 18830 December 20

13、17 ICS 83.080.01 English Version Plastics - Determination of aerobic biodegradation of non-floating plastic materials in a seawater/sandy sediment interface - Method by measuring the oxygen demand in closed respirometer (ISO 18830:2016) Plastiques - Dtermination de la biodgradation arobie des matire

14、s plastiques immerges linterface eau de mer/sdiments sableux - Mthode par mesurage de la demande en oxygne dans un respiromtre ferm (ISO 18830:2016) Kunststoffe - Bestimmung des aeroben Bioabbaus von nicht-schwimmenden Kunststoffmaterialien in einer Meerwasser/Sediment-Schnittstelle - Prfverfahren m

15、ittels Messung des Sauerstoffbedarfes in einem geschlossenen Respirometer (ISO 18830:2016) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 October 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the sta

16、tus of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, G

17、erman). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croa

18、tia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turk

19、ey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Member

20、s. Ref. No. EN ISO 18830:2017 EBS EN ISO 18830:2017EN ISO 18830:2017 (E) 3 European foreword The text of ISO 18830:2016 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 18830:2017 by Technical

21、Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the lat

22、est by June 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizat

23、ions of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malt

24、a, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 18830:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 18830:2017 without any modification. BS EN ISO 18830:2017ISO 18830:2016(E)Forewor

25、d ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 25 Test environment . 26 Reagents 27 Apparatus . 38 Procedure. 48.1 Test material . 48.2 Reference material . 48.3 Preparation of the sediment 48.4 Test setup . 48.5 Pre-conditioning phase 58.6 Start of the t

26、est 58.7 End of the test 59 Calculation and expression of results . 69.1 Calculation 69.2 Visual inspection . 69.3 Expression and interpretation of results . 610 Validity of results . 711 Test report . 7Annex A (informative) Example of respirometric system based on pressure measurement 8Bibliography

27、 9 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 18830:2017ISO 18830:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out thro

28、ugh ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collabor

29、ates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval c

30、riteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject

31、 of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade na

32、me used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO

33、) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 5, Physical-chemical properties.iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 18830:2017ISO 18830:2016(E)Introduct

34、ionProducts made with biodegradable plastics are designed to be recovered by means of organic recycling in composting plants or in anaerobic digesters. The uncontrolled dispersion of biodegradable plastics in natural environments is not desirable. The biodegradability of products cannot be considere

35、d as an excuse to spread wastes that should be recovered and recycled. However, test methods to measure rate and level of biodegradation in natural environments (such as soil or the marine environment) are of interest in order to better characterize the behaviour of plastics in these very particular

36、 environments. As a matter of fact, some plastics are used in products that are applied in the sea (e.g. fishing gear) and sometimes they can get lost or put willingly in marine environment. The characterization of biodegradable plastic materials can be enlarged by applying specific test methods tha

37、t enable the quantitative assessment of biodegradation of plastics exposed to marine sediment and seawater.Plastic products are directly littered or arrive with fresh waters in the pelagic zone (free water). From there, and depending on density, tides, currents, and marine foiling may sink to the su

38、blittoral, and reach the seafloor surface. Many biodegradable plastics have a density higher than 1 and therefore tend to sink. The sediment passes from aerobic to anoxic and finally anaerobic conditions going from the surface (the interface with seawater) into deeper layers, displaying a very steep

39、 oxygen gradient. ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 18830:2017Plastics Determination of aerobic biodegradation of non-floating plastic materials in a seawater/sandy sediment interface Method by measuring the oxygen demand in closed respirometer1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a tes

40、t method to determine the degree and rate of aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials when settled on marine sandy sediment at the interface between seawater and the seafloor, by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer.Measurement of aerobic biodegradation can also be obtained by mon

41、itoring the carbon dioxide evolution. This is not in the scope of this International Standard but of ISO 19679.This test method is a simulation under laboratory conditions of the habitat found in different seawater/sediment-areas in the sea, e.g. in a benthic zone where sunlight reaches the ocean fl

42、oor (photic zone) that, in marine science, is called sublittoral zoneThe determination of biodegradation of plastic materials buried in marine sediment is outside the scope of this International Standard.The conditions described in this International Standard may not always correspond to the optimum

43、 conditions for the maximum degree of biodegradation to occur.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the l

44、atest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 14851:1999, Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in an aqueous medium Method by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometerISO 8245, Water quality Guidelines for the determ

45、ination of total organic carbon (TOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1biochemical oxygen demandBODmass concentration of the dissolved oxygen consumed under specified conditions by the aerobic bio

46、logical oxidation of a chemical compound or organic matter in waterNote 1 to entry: It is expressed as milligrams of oxygen uptake per milligram or gram of test compound.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18830:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 18830:2017ISO 18830:2016(E)3.2theoretical oxygen

47、demandThODtheoretical maximum amount of oxygen required to oxidize a chemical compound completely, calculated from the molecular formulaNote 1 to entry: It is expressed as milligrams of oxygen uptake per milligram or gram of test compound.3.3total organic carbonTOCall the carbon present in organic m

48、atter which is dissolved or suspended in water3.4pre-conditioning phasepre-incubation of an inoculum under the conditions of the subsequent test in the absence of test material, with the aim to consume potential organic matter present in excess that could disturb biodegradation measurement and to im

49、prove the acclimatization of the microorganisms to the test conditions4 PrincipleThis test method is based on the determination of biological oxygen demand (BOD) and derives from ISO 14851. The testing medium is based on a solid phase and a liquid phase. The solid phase is sandy marine sediment laid in the bottom of a closed flask; the liquid phase is a column of natural or artificial sea water, poured on the sediment. The test material is preferably in the form of a film to be laid down on top of the sediment, at the interfa