EN ISO 22007-1-2017 en Plastics - Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity - Part 1 General principles.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Plastics Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivityPart 1: General principles (ISO 22007-1:2017)BS EN ISO 22007-1:2017National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 220071:2

2、017. It is identical to ISO 220071:2017. It supersedes BS EN ISO 220071:2012, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/21, Testing of plastics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.

3、This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2018 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2018ISBN 978 0 580 91732 5ICS 83.080.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confe

4、r immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2018.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 220071:2017EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE

5、 NORMEN ISO 220071November 2017ICS 83.080.01 Supersedes EN ISO 220071:2012EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGCENCENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B1000 Brussels 2017 CEN Ref. No. EN ISO 220071:2017: EAll rights of exploitation

6、 in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national MembersPlastics Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity Part 1: General principles (ISO 220071:2017)Plastiques Dtermination de la conductivit thermique et de la diffusivit thermique Partie 1: Principes gnraux (IS

7、O 220071:2017)Kunststoffe Bestimmung der Wrmeleitfhigkeit und der Temperaturleitfhigkeit Teil 1: Allgemeine Grundlagen (ISO 220071:2017)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 August 2017.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions

8、 for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Uptodate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three

9、 official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodie

10、s of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slove

11、nia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.English VersionEN ISO 220071:2017 (E)European forewordThis document (EN ISO 220071:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which i

12、s held by NBN.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2018.Attention is drawn to the possibility that s

13、ome of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.This document supersedes EN 220071:2012.According to the CENCENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following co

14、untries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,

15、Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.Endorsement noticeThe text of ISO 220071:2017 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 220071:2017 without any modification.2BS EN ISO 220071:2017ISO 22007-1:2017(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Norm

16、ative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principles . 25 Test methods . 45.1 General . 45.2 Hot-wire method . 55.3 Line-source method 65.4 Transient plane source method 75.5 Temperature wave analysis method . 85.6 Laser flash method 85.7 Steady-state methods 95.7.1 Guarded hot-plate method 95.

17、7.2 Guarded heat flow meter method and heat flow meter method .106 Test report 11Annex A (informative) Sources of uncertainty on measuring thermal transport properties 12Bibliography .17 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 220071:2017ISO 22007-1:2017(E)ForewordISO (the Internation

18、al Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been e

19、stablished has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standard

20、ization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance

21、with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of an

22、y patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement

23、.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: w

24、ww.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 5, Physical-chemical properties.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 220071:2009), which has been technically revised.A list of all parts in the ISO 22007 se

25、ries can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 220071:2017Plastics Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity Part 1: General principles (ISO 22007-1:2017)SAFETY STATEMENT Persons using this document should be familiar with normal laboratory practice

26、, if applicable. This document does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any regulatory requirements.1 ScopeThis document describes t

27、he background to methods for the determination of the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of polymeric materials. Different techniques are available for these measurements and some may be better suited than others for a particular type, state and form of material. This document provides a b

28、road overview of these techniques. Standards specific to these techniques, as referenced in this document, are used to carry out the actual test method.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements o

29、f this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 472, Plastics Vocabulary3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO

30、 472 and the following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:/www.iso.org/obp 3.1heat pulseheat change in the form of a puls

31、e produced by a heat source3.2heat pulse energyamount of heat produced by a heat source within the heat pulseNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in joules (J).3.3heat sourceheater in the form of a wire, strip, plate or foil embedded within or attached to a test specimen or an area irradiated by inciden

32、t light, e.g. a laserINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22007-1:2017(E) ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 220071:2017ISO 22007-1:2017(E)3.4heat fluxq heat source output produced by a planar source per unit time and unit areaNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in watts per square metre (W/m2).3.5linear he

33、at flowheat source output produced by a linear source per unit time and unit lengthNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in watts per metre (W/m).3.6penetration depthcharacteristic depth used for describing the extent of heat penetration into the specimen during a transient measuring processNote 1 to ent

34、ry: It is expressed in metres (m).3.7temperature transienttemporary perturbation of temperature in a system initially at a uniform temperature due to a heat pulse for a period during which the system does not attain equilibrium3.8volumetric heat capacityproduct of the density and the heat capacityNo

35、te 1 to entry: It is expressed in joules per cubic metre kelvin J/(m3 K).3.9thermal effusivityb heat transport property given by the square root of the product of thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity: bcp= (1)where is the thermal conductivity in watt per metre kelvin W/(m K); is the den

36、sity in kilogram per cubic metre kg/m3;cpis the heat capacity in joule per kelvin kilogram J/(K kg)Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in joules per square metre kelvin square root second J/(m2 K s1/2).3.10thermal resistivityreciprocal of thermal conductivityNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in metre ke

37、lvins per watt (m K)/W.4 PrinciplesThermal conductivity refers specifically to the mode of heat transfer via conduction. In thermal conductivity measurements, other modes of heat transfer, such as convection, radiation and mass transfer, may occur. Where these modes are significant, the measured pro

38、perty is usually referred 2 ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 220071:2017ISO 22007-1:2017(E)to as apparent or effective thermal conductivity. Thermal conductivity is affected by the conditions under which it is measured, such as temperature and pressure, as well as compositional variation of the

39、 material and orientation of the specimen since some materials are not isotropic.In steady-state methods, an appropriately sized specimen of simple geometry in contact with a heat source, together with one or more temperature sensors, which may be combined with the heat source or separate from it, i

40、s allowed to equilibrate at a given temperature. Transient methods may be contact or non-contact. A thermal transient is produced by a heat pulse to generate a dynamic temperature field within the specimen. The temperature change with time (temperature response) is measured by one or more sensors wh

41、ich may be combined with the heat source, placed at a fixed distance from the source or, as in the case of the laser flash method, located on the other side of the specimen. For measuring very thin films (with thicknesses in the nm range), the thermal reflectance method an ultra-fast variant of the

42、laser flash analysis is well suited. Two modes are available: rear heating/front detection and front heating/front detection16. In any case the response is analysed in accordance with a model, and a set of solutions developed for the representative set-up and designed for the specific geometry and t

43、he assumed boundary conditions. Depending upon the geometry of the specimen and source and the means of generating the temperature field, one or more thermo-physical properties can be obtained, either separately or simultaneously. Table 1 contains a summary of the characteristics of different types

44、of transient methods and the properties that may be determined by their use.NOTE 1 Most unfilled plastics fall into the category of materials of intermediate thermal conductivity (0,1 W/m K to 1 W/m K). They are an order of magnitude more conductive than foams and insulation but less conductive than

45、 ceramics and glass. Their thermal conductivity can increase dramatically if fillers are added. A variety of test methods may be used, depending on the form and state of the plastic. An overview of these methods is given in Clause 5. Detailed test methods are contained in other parts of ISO 22007 an

46、d in other standards referenced.NOTE 2 Reference materials are necessary to verify the performance of primary methods and to calibrate secondary methods. A number of solid materials have been characterized by national standards laboratories, such as NPL, NIST, LNE, NMIJ and PTB, but currently only p

47、oly (methyl methacrylate) and glass fibre board IRMM-440 and glass ceramic BCR-7241)have a thermal conductivity which is in the same range as those of most polymer and polymer-filled materials. Polydimethylsiloxane and glycerol are well characterized fluid reference materials with thermal conductivi

48、ties in the same range as those of plastics.NOTE 3 The thermal conductivity can be obtained by multiplying the thermal diffusivity with the specific heat capacity at constant pressure c pand the density , i.e. = c p .Table 1 Basic characteristics of transient methodsType of methodHeat source/ heat s

49、ource geometryMode of heat generationHeat source/tempera-ture sensor configura-tionMeasured and/or de-rived parametersHot wire/line source /hot stripContact/Line, stripStep-wise Combinedaor separateb, (cpand b in some ver-sions of the method)Pulse transient Plane Pulse Separate , cp, Transient plane source Contact/PlanePulse, step-wiseCombined , cp, Laser or light flashLaser, Xenon lamp/PlanePulse Separate , cp, = thermal conductivity; = ther