1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 29601:2011Paints and varnishes Corrosion protection byprotective paint systems Assessment of porosity in a dryfilm (ISO 29601:2011)BS EN ISO 29601:2011 BRITISH STANDARD
2、National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO29601:2011.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee STI/27, Paint systems for metallic substrates.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secreta
3、ry.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 67628 4ICS 87.020Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published und
4、er the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 29601 April 2011 ICS 87.020 English Version Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection by protective paint syst
5、ems - Assessment of porosity in a dry film (ISO 29601:2011)Peintures et vernis - Anticorrosion par systmes de peinture - valuation de la porosit dun feuil sec (ISO 29601:2011) Beschichtungsstoffe - Korrosionsschutz von Stahlbauten durch Beschichtungssysteme - Beurteilung der Porositt einer trockenen
6、 Beschichtung (ISO 29601:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 April 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date
7、lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation un
8、der the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France
9、, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR N
10、ORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 29601:2011: EBS EN ISO 29601:2011EN ISO 29601:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 29601:2011) has been prepa
11、red by Technical Committee CEN/TC 139 “Paints and varnishes”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 35 “Paints and varnishes“. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by
12、 endorsement, at the latest by October 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for
13、 identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France
14、, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN ISO 29601:2011ISO 29601:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Forewo
15、rd iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Terms and definitions .1 3 Principle .2 4 Test equipment2 4.1 Low-voltage pinhole detectors 2 4.2 High-voltage spark testers .2 5 Procedure.2 5.1 Selection of test method.2 5.2 Low-voltage pinhole detection.3 5.3 High-voltage spark testing .3 6 Expression of results5
16、7 Test report5 Bibliography7 BS EN ISO 29601:2011ISO 29601:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally ca
17、rried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work
18、. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare Intern
19、ational Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the
20、 elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 29601 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) in collaboration with ISO Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, S
21、ubcommittee SC 14, Protective paint systems for steel structures, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). BS EN ISO 29601:2011ISO 29601:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved vIntroduction This International Standard supplements the ISO 12944 s
22、eries (see the Bibliography) with regard to the detection of porosity in a dry film. If specified or agreed, the standard can also be used for other applications. The objective of this International Standard is to achieve uniformity of practice for the detection of porosity in a dry film. The method
23、s chosen entail the detection of porosity using one of two types of equipment, a low-voltage pinhole detector or a high-voltage spark tester. This International Standard complements ISO 19840, which concerns the measurement of the thickness of dry films on rough surfaces, and ISO 16276-1 and ISO 162
24、76-2, which concern the measurement of the adhesion of a coating by pull-off testing (Part 1) and by cross-cut and X-cut testing (Part 2). BS EN ISO 29601:2011BS EN ISO 29601:2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 29601:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Paints and varnishes Corrosion protection by prote
25、ctive paint systems Assessment of porosity in a dry film 1 Scope This International Standard specifies procedures for detecting the presence of porosity in a protective paint system of any thickness on a steel or other metallic substrate. The procedures given in this International Standard are based
26、 on methods using two different types of test equipment, the choice of equipment depending on the dry film thickness. These procedures are only applicable to the testing of electrically non-conductive parts of a paint system. The test methods specified are mainly intended for use with new coatings,
27、but can also be used for coatings which have been in service for some time. In the latter case, it is important to bear in mind that the coating might have been penetrated by substances in contact with the coating during service. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the followi
28、ng terms and definitions apply. 2.1 porosity presence of one or more discontinuities in a coating 2.2 discontinuity hole, pit, pinhole, void, crack, thin spot, inclusion, contamination or other flaw in a coating that significantly lowers the dielectric strength of the coating NOTE Certain types of d
29、iscontinuity can also be described as a holiday. 2.3 nominal dry film thickness NDFT dry film thickness specified for each coat or for the whole paint system ISO 19840:2004 2.4 mean dry film thickness arithmetic mean of all the individual dry film thicknesses in the inspection area ISO 19840:2004 2.
30、5 inspection area designated area for inspection as defined in the specification NOTE If inspection areas are not defined, the whole structure is a single inspection area. BS EN ISO 29601:2011ISO 29601:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights reserved3 Principle Porosity in a protective paint system applied to
31、 a conductive metal surface is detected either by low-voltage wet-sponge testing or high-voltage spark testing. Low-voltage pinhole detectors use moisture to conduct electrical current through any discontinuity in the coating. High-voltage spark testers generate a spark in a discontinuity when the d
32、iscontinuity has a lower dielectric strength than the paint system. In both cases, the apparatus is connected to the metal substrate by means of a signal return cable, and a DC voltage is applied by means of a probe. When a discontinuity is detected, an alarm is triggered. The test voltage is determ
33、ined by the thickness of the non-conductive part of the coating. 4 Test equipment 4.1 Low-voltage pinhole detectors 4.1.1 Low-voltage pinhole detectors are normally battery-operated for portability. They can either be single-voltage, 9 V or 90 V, or dual-voltage, switchable between 9 V and 90 V. To
34、provide an electrically conductive path through any discontinuity in the coating, an open-cell sponge moistened with tap water is used to apply the voltage. 4.1.2 A cable with a suitable spring-operated connector (crocodile clip) is required to make contact to the bare substrate to form the signal r
35、eturn. 4.1.3 The low-voltage pinhole detector needs either a visual or audible alarm to indicate when a discontinuity has been detected. Some designs have both types of alarm. 4.2 High-voltage spark testers 4.2.1 High-voltage spark testers normally have an adjustable output voltage in the range 1 kV
36、 to 30 kV. A fixed output voltage is acceptable providing that the coating has sufficient electrical strength to insulate the substrate at the fixed voltage except where discontinuities are present. High-voltage spark testers in which the voltage can be varied shall have a voltage display to ensure
37、that the correct test voltage is applied. 4.2.2 Equipment shall be operated either by DC or pulsed DC. High-voltage AC generators shall not be used for testing. 4.2.3 A cable with a suitable spring-operated connector (crocodile clip) is required to make contact to the bare substrate to form the sign
38、al return. 4.2.4 A conductive, high-voltage probe suitable for the task is required to apply the voltage to the coating to be tested. Different probe configurations are available to deal with a variety of different surface shapes and areas. Probes are made using wire-brush, conductive helical coil o
39、r conductive-rubber materials to form the contact electrode. If there is a risk that the coating will be damaged by a metal electrode, conductive rubber materials should preferably be used for the electrode. 4.2.5 The equipment requires either an audible or visual alarm to indicate when a spark has
40、been discharged, signifying that a discontinuity has been detected. Some designs have both types of alarm. 5 Procedure 5.1 Selection of test method In order to determine which type of detector is appropriate, the mean dry film thickness of the paint system shall be determined and used as the criteri
41、on. If the primer coat is conductive, e.g. a zinc-rich primer, or if the paint to be tested is applied over a metal coating, such as hot-dip-galvanized or thermally sprayed metals, BS EN ISO 29601:2011ISO 29601:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 3then the value of the mean thickness of the coating
42、 system shall be adjusted by subtracting the thickness of the conductive primer or the non-ferrous metal layer. For paint systems with a mean dry film thickness of up to 500 m, low-voltage pinhole detectors shall normally be used. A high-voltage spark tester may, however, be used to test a paint sys
43、tem with a mean dry film thickness less than 500 m, but not less than 300 m, by agreement between the interested parties. For paint systems with a mean dry film thickness greater than 500 m, high-voltage spark testers shall be used. 5.2 Low-voltage pinhole detection 5.2.1 The test voltage shall norm
44、ally be 90 V. A test voltage of 9 V may, however, be used for films with a mean dry film thickness of up to 300 m by agreement between the interested parties. 5.2.2 If the coating to be tested has been applied recently, it shall be dried/cured in accordance with the manufacturers instructions prior
45、to testing. In the absence of manufacturers recommendations, the coating shall be dried/cured for at least 10 days in well-ventilated conditions and at a substrate temperature in excess of 15 C and a relative humidity of less than 80 % prior to testing. 5.2.3 The surface of the coating to be tested
46、shall be dry and free of oil, dirt and other contaminants. 5.2.4 Ensure that the detector is in good working condition before starting the testing. 5.2.5 Wet the sponge with tap water or with tap water to which a wetting agent has been added. Squeeze the sponge so that excess water is removed and th
47、e sponge does not drip. 5.2.6 Connect the signal return cable to the bare metal substrate. Make sure that the area of coating to be tested is connected electrically to the point chosen for the contact of the signal return cable. NOTE This can be checked by making contact with the sponge to another b
48、are metal area of the substrate. 5.2.7 Test the alarm by touching the connector with the sponge. 5.2.8 Move the sponge over the area to be tested at a rate between 0,1 m/s and 0,3 m/s, ensuring a wet interface is maintained between the sponge and the surface. Use a double pass over the area to incre
49、ase the probability of detection. To avoid stray current flow paths across the surface of the coating to an already detected discontinuity, wipe any moisture from the discontinuity before continuing the test. Completely remove any wetting agent by hosing the surface with tap water before attempting to repair the coating. 5.3 High-voltage spark testing 5.3.1 If the coating to be tested has been applied recently, it shall be dried/cured in accordance with the manufacturers instructions prior to testing. In the absence of manufacturers r
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