EN ISO 80000-5-2013 en Quantities and units - Part 5 Thermodynamics《量和单位 第5部分 热力学》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARDQuantities and unitsPart 5: ThermodynamicsICS 01.060nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnull nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnul

2、lnull nullnullnullBS EN ISO 80000-5:2013Incorporating corrigendumJanuary 2016National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 80000-5:2013. It is identical to ISO 80000-5:2007. It supersedes BS ISO 80000-5:2007, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was

3、entrusted by Technical Committee SS/7, General metrology, quantities, units and symbols, to Subcommittee SS7/-/1, General metrology, quantities, units and symbols - Panel 1.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not

4、purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.BS EN ISO 80000-5:2013This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and S

5、trategy Committee on 31 July 2007Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments This corrigendum renumbers BS ISO 80000-5:2007 as BS EN ISO 80000-5:201330 June 2013 The British StandardsInstitution 2016. Published byBSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 92903 831 January 2016 Impleme

6、ntation of ISO corrected text 01 June 2011: See ISO Foreword for detailsEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 80000-5 April 2013 ICS 01.060 English Version Quantities and units - Part 5: Thermodynamics (ISO 80000-5:2007) Grandeurs et units - Partie 5: Thermodynamique (ISO 80000-5:

7、2007) Gren und Einheiten - Teil 5: Thermodynamik (ISO 80000-5:2007) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 March 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standar

8、d without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any

9、other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republ

10、ic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN C

11、OMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 80000-5:2013: EForeword The te

12、xt of ISO 80000-5:2007 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 12 “Quantities and units” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 80000-5:2013. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication

13、of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall n

14、ot be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark

15、, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notic

16、e The text of ISO 80000-5:2007 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 80000-5:2013 without any modification. BS EN ISO 80000-5:2013EN ISO 80000-5:2013 (E)ISO80000-5:2007(E) ISO2007All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword iv0 Introduction vi1 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Names, symbols, and defin

17、itions . 1AnnexA(informative) Units based on the foot, pound, second, and some other related units . 20AnnexB(informative) Other non-SI units given for information, especially regarding the conversion factors . 22BS EN ISO 80000-5:2013ISO80000-5:2007(E)iv ISO2007All rights reservedForewordISO (the I

18、nternational Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISOtechnical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee ha

19、s beenestablished has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental andnon-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the InternationalElectrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical sta

20、ndardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standardsadopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for v

21、oting. Publication as anInternational Standard requires approval by at least 75% of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patentrights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such

22、patent rights. the presentation of numerical statements has been changed; the normative references have been changed; some quantities concerning moisture have been added at the end of the list of quantities.ISO80000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Quantities and units: Part1

23、:General Part2:Mathematical signs and symbols to be used in the natural sciences and technology Part3:Space and time Part4:Mechanics Part5:Thermodynamics Part7:Light Part8:Acoustics Part9:Physical chemistry and molecular physics Part10:Atomic and nuclear physics Part11:Characteristic numbers Part12:

24、Solid state physicsIEC80000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Quantities and units: Part6: Electromagnetism Part13: Information science and technology Part14: Telebiometrics related to human physiologyISO 80000-5 was preparHd by Technical Committee ISO/TC 12, Quantities and un

25、its, in collaboration with IEC/TC 25, Quantities and units. This first edition cancels and replaces ISO 31-4:1992 and ISO 31-4:1992/Amd.1:1998. The major technical changes from the previous standards are the following: BS EN ISO 80000-5:2013ISO80000-5:2007(E) ISO2007All rights reserved vThis correct

26、ed version of ISO 80000-5:2007 incorporates the following corrections. Foreword The titles of ISO/TC 12 and IEC/TC 25 have been updated. Footnotes 1) to 5) The footnotes have been deleted. Clause 2 The references have been updated. 5-2 (Definition) “T0:= 275,15 K” has been changed to “T0:= 273,15 K”

27、. 5-2.a (Conversion factors and remarks) ISO 31-0:1992, 3.4 has been changed to ISO 80000-1:2009, 7.1.4. 5-14 (Symbol) has been changed to a. 5-14 (Definition) has been changed to a. 5-16.1 (Remarks) ISO 31-8:1992 has been changed to ISO 80000-9:2009. 5-19 (Remarks) ISO 31-8:1992 has been changed to

28、 ISO 80000-9:2009. 5-21.a (International Symbol) K has been changed to kg. BS EN ISO 80000-5:2013Introduction0.1 Arrangements of the tablesThe tables of quantities and units in this International Standard are arranged so that the quantities arepresented on the left-hand pages and the units on the co

29、rresponding right-hand pages.All units between two full lines on the right-hand pages belong to the quantities between the corresponding fulllines on the left-hand pages.Where the numbering of an item has been changed in the revision of a part of ISO31, the number in thepreceding edition is shown in

30、 parentheses on the left-hand page under the new number for the quantity; a dashis used to indicate that the item in question did not appear in the preceding edition.0.2 Tables of quantitiesThe names in English and in French of the most important quantities within the field of this InternationalStan

31、dard are given together with their symbols and, in most cases, their definitions. These names and symbolsare recommendations. The definitions are given for identification of the quantities in the International System ofQuantities (ISQ), listed on the left-hand pages of the table; they are not intend

32、ed to be complete.The scalar, vectorial or tensorial character of quantities is pointed out, especially when this is needed for thedefinitions.In most cases only one name and only one symbol for the quantity are given; where two or more names or twoor more symbols are given for one quantity and no s

33、pecial distinction is made, they are on an equal footing.When two types of italic letters exist (for example as with and ; and ; a and ; g and ) only one of theseis given. This does not mean that the other is not equally acceptable. It is recommended that such variantsshould not be given different m

34、eanings. A symbol within parentheses implies that it is a reserve symbol, to beused when, in a particular context, the main symbol is in use with a different meaning.In this English edition, the quantity names in French are printed in an italic font, and are preceded by fr. Thegender of the French n

35、ame is indicated by (m) for masculine and (f) for feminine, immediately after the noun inthe French name.0.3 Tables of units0.3.1 GeneralThe names of units for the corresponding quantities are given together with the international symbols and thedefinitions. These unit names are language-dependent,

36、but the symbols are international and the same in alllanguages. For further information, see the SI Brochure (8thedition 2006) from BIPM and ISO80000-1.The units are arranged in the following way:a) The coherent SI units are given first. The SI units have been adopted by the General Conference onWei

37、ghts and Measures (Confrence Gnrale des Poids et Mesures, CGPM). The use of coherent SI units a gISO80000-5:2007(E)vi ISO2007All rights reservedis recommended; decimal multiples and submultiples formed with the SI prefixes are recommended eventhough not explicitly mentioned.BS EN ISO 80000-5:2013b)

38、Some non-SI units are then given, being those accepted by the International Committee for Weights andMeasures (Comit International des Poids et Mesures, CIPM), or by the International Organization of LegalMetrology (Organisation Internationale de Mtrologie Lgale, OIML), or by ISO and IEC, for use wi

39、th the SI.Such units are separated from the SI units in the item by use of a broken line between the SI units and theother units.c) Non-SI units currently accepted by the CIPM for use with the SI are given in small print (smaller than the textsize) in the “Conversion factors and remarks” column.d) N

40、on-SI units that are not recommended are given only in annexes in some parts of this InternationalStandard. These annexes are informative, in the first place for the conversion factors, and are not integralparts of the standard. These deprecated units are arranged in two groups:1) units in the CGS s

41、ystem with special names;2) units based on the foot, pound, second, and some other related units.e) Other non-SI units given for information, especially regarding the conversion factors, are given in anotherinformative annex.0.3.2 Remark on units for quantities of dimension one, or dimensionless qua

42、ntitiesThe coherent unit for any quantity of dimension one, also called a dimensionless quantity, is the number one,symbol1. When the value of such a quantity is expressed, the unit symbol1 is generally not written outexplicitly.EXAMPLE1 Refractive index Prefixes shall not be used to form multiples

43、or submultiples of this unit. Instead of prefixes, powers of 10 arerecommended.EXAMPLE2 Reynolds number Considering that plane angle is generally expressed as the ratio of two lengths and solid angle as the ratio oftwo areas, in 1995 the CGPM specified that, in the SI, the radian, symbol rad, and st

44、eradian, symbol sr, aredimensionless derived units. This implies that the quantities plane angle and solid angle are considered asderived quantities of dimension one. The units radian and steradian are thus equal to one; they may either beomitted, or they may be used in expressions for derived units

45、 to facilitate distinction between quantities ofdifferent kinds but having the same dimension.0.4 Numerical statements in this International StandardThe sign is used to denote “is exactly equal to”, the sign is used to denote “is approximately equal to”, andthe sign is used to denote “is by definiti

46、on equal to”.Numerical values of physical quantities that have been experimentally determined always have an associatedmeasurement uncertainty. This uncertainty should always be specified. In this International Standard, themagnitude of the uncertainty is represented as in the following example.EXAM

47、PLEIn this example, , the numerical value of the uncertainty indicated in parentheses is assumed toapply to the last (and least significant) digits of the numerical value of the length . This notation is used whenrepresents the standard uncertainty (estimated standard deviation) in the last digits o

48、f . The numericalexample given above may be interpreted to mean that the best estimate of the numerical value of the length (when is expressed in the unit metre) is , and that the unknown value of is believed to lie betweenand with a pr obability determined by the standarduncertainty and the normal

49、probability distribution of the values of .n = 1,531 = 1,53Re = 1,32103= :=l = 2,34782(32) ml = a(b) m ba lb all 2,34782 l(2,347820,00032)m (2,34782 + 0,00032)m0,00032m lISO80000-5:2007(E) ISO2007All rights reserved viiBS EN ISO 80000-5:2013BS EN ISO 80000-5:2013INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO80000-5:2007(E) ISO2007All rights reserved 1Quantities and unitsPart 5:Thermodynamics1ScopeISO80000-5 gives names, symbols and definitions for quantities and units of thermodynamics. Whereappropriate, conversion factors ar