EN ISO 81714-1-2010 en Design of graphical symbols for use in the technical documentation of products - Part 1 Basic rules《用于产品技术文件用图形符号的设计 第1部分 基本规范》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 81714-1:2010Design of graphical symbolsfor use in the technicaldocumentation of productsPart 1: Basic rules (ISO 81714-1:2010)BS EN ISO 81714-1:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNat

2、ional forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO81714-1:2010. It supersedes BS EN ISO 81714-1:2001 which iswithdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee TDW/4, Technical Product Realization.A list of organizations represented on this comm

3、ittee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 63524 3ICS 01.080.01; 01.110Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from

4、legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 81714-1 June 2010 ICS 01.110; 01.080.01 Supersedes

5、 EN ISO 81714-1:1999English Version Design of graphical symbols for use in the technical documentation of products - Part 1: Basic rules (ISO 81714-1:2010) Cration de symboles graphiques utiliser dans la documentation technique de produits - Partie 1: Rgles fondamentales (ISO 81714-1:2010) Gestaltun

6、g von graphischen Symbolen fr die Anwendung in der technischen Produktdokumentation - Teil 1: Grundregeln (ISO 81714-1:2010) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 May 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving

7、this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versio

8、ns (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium,

9、Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE

10、 FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 81714-1:2010: EBS EN ISO 81714-1:2010E

11、N ISO 81714-1:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 81714-1:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 10 “Technical product documentation“. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the la

12、test by December 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or a

13、ll such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 81714-1:1999. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,

14、 Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 81714-1:2010 has been approved

15、 by CEN as a EN ISO 81714-1:2010 without any modification. BS EN ISO 81714-1:2010ISO 81714-1:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Markers.2 5 Design of graphical symbols3 5.1 Graphic representation.3 5.2 Desig

16、n procedure 3 6 Design principles.3 6.1 Shape3 6.2 Operational state .4 6.3 Classes of graphical symbols4 6.4 Combination of graphical symbols .4 6.5 Grid; module 7 6.6 Line width and module size7 6.7 Lines and arcs .7 6.8 Minimum space between parallel lines .8 6.9 Hatched and filled areas .8 6.10

17、Connect node.8 6.11 Position of a connect node.8 6.12 Terminal line 8 6.13 Reference point .9 6.14 Text assigned to graphical symbols .9 6.15 Size of graphical symbols 10 6.16 Symbol identifier .10 7 Modification of proportions10 8 Variants of graphical symbols .10 Bibliography14 BS EN ISO 81714-1:2

18、010ISO 81714-1:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees.

19、Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Internat

20、ional Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Stand

21、ards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subjec

22、t of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 81714-1 was prepared jointly by Technical Committees ISO/TC 10, Technical product documentation, Subcommittee SC 10, Process plant documentation and tpd-symbols, and IEC/TC 3, Information structu

23、res, documentation and graphical symbols. The draft was circulated for voting to the national bodies of both ISO and IEC. This second edition of ISO 81714-1 cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 81714-1:1999), which has been technically revised. ISO 81714 consists of the following parts, under

24、 the general title Design of graphical symbols for use in the technical documentation of products: Part 1: Basic rules IEC 81714 consists of the following parts, under the general title Design of graphical symbols for use in the technical documentation of products: Part 2: Specification for graphica

25、l symbols in a computer sensible form, including graphical symbols for a reference library, and requirements for their interchange Part 3: Classification of connect nodes, networks and their encoding BS EN ISO 81714-1:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 81714-1:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 1Desig

26、n of graphical symbols for use in the technical documentation of products Part 1: Basic rules 1 Scope This part of ISO 81714 specifies basic rules for the design of graphical symbols for use in the technical documentation of products, taking into account basic application needs. NOTE Supplementary r

27、equirements for graphical symbols used in advanced computer-aided design systems are specified in IEC 81714-2 and IEC 81714-3. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For u

28、ndated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 129-1, Technical drawings Indication of dimensions and tolerances Part 1: General principles ISO 6428, Technical drawings Requirements for microcopying ISO/IEC 8859 (all parts), Information techn

29、ology 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets ISO/IEC 10367, Information technology Standardized coded graphic character sets for use in 8-bit codes ISO/IEC 10646, Information technology Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) ISO 80000-2, Quantities and units Part 2: Mathematical

30、signs and symbols to be used in the natural sciences and technology 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 graphical symbol visually perceptible figure with a particular meaning used to transmit information independently of language

31、ISO 17724:20036, 31 NOTE 1 The graphical symbol may represent objects of interest, such as products, functions or requirements for manufacturing, quality control, etc. NOTE 2 A graphical symbol is not to be confused with the simplified representation of products which is normally drawn to scale and

32、which can look like a graphical symbol. BS EN ISO 81714-1:2010ISO 81714-1:2010(E) 2 ISO 2010 All rights reserved3.2 reference point origin of the coordinate system used in the description of all the graphical elements of the graphical symbol NOTE The reference point can be used for positioning and t

33、ransformation, e.g. by creation of a mirror image, rotation, and displacement. 3.3 symbol family set of graphical symbols with a common conception using graphical characteristics with specific meanings 3.4 connect node location on a graphical symbol intended for connection 3.5 terminal line line of

34、a graphical symbol ending at a connect node NOTE Most graphical symbols of non-electric character are not provided with terminal lines; most graphical symbols of electric character are provided with terminal lines. 3.6 text data in the form of characters, symbols, words, phrases, paragraphs, sentenc

35、es, tables, or other character arrangements, intended to convey a meaning, and whose interpretation is essentially based upon the readers knowledge of some natural language or artificial language ISO/IEC 2382-1:19933, 01.01.03 3.7 arc curved line with no inflection point 3.8 variant graphical symbol

36、s alternative graphical symbol design for a given referent ISO 17724:20036, 79 EXAMPLE An identified orientation of a graphical symbol with regard to the flow direction or transfer direction. NOTE A variant can be based on the rotation and/or creation of a mirror image of the corresponding symbol, t

37、ogether with possibly other modifications such as relocation of inputs and outputs and reorientation of text. 4 Markers In this part of ISO 81714, the marker shown in Figure 1 is used to illustrate positions of connect nodes. Figure 1 Marker BS EN ISO 81714-1:2010ISO 81714-1:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rig

38、hts reserved 35 Design of graphical symbols 5.1 Graphic representation Graphical symbols shall be designed to convey information concerning a function or a special requirement. This also applies when physical products are to be represented by graphical symbols. 5.2 Design procedure The design of gra

39、phical symbols shall follow the rules defined in Clause 6, taking into account: a) the description of what the graphical symbol is intended to represent; b) the requirements pertaining to presentation on paper or other solid media and in data processing; c) the analysis of the consequences when rota

40、ting, creating a mirror image or scaling (permitting different values of scaling factors on the x and y axes, if required); d) a requirement for functionally related graphical symbols to be designed as a symbol family; e) the normal application of the graphical symbol, e.g. for reference designation

41、 (see IEC 81346-113), technical data; f) if microcopying is intended, the additional requirements specified in ISO 6428. 6 Design principles 6.1 Shape The shape of a graphical symbol shall be: a) simple, in order to improve perceptibility and reproducibility; b) easily associated with its intended m

42、eaning, i.e. either self-evident, or easy to learn and to remember. Graphical symbols with the same shape representing different information should be avoided. Due to the limited number of graphical elements and the limited number of combinations of these elements, different meanings may have to be

43、assigned to graphical symbols having the same shape. In these cases, a separate graphical symbol shall be assigned to each meaning, provided with separate symbol identifiers (see 6.16). Graphical symbols with different shapes shall not represent the same information. For a human reader, the meaning

44、of a graphical symbol can normally be recognized because of the context of the document. If not, such graphical symbols shall be provided with supplementary information. BS EN ISO 81714-1:2010ISO 81714-1:2010(E) 4 ISO 2010 All rights reserved6.2 Operational state Graphical symbols having an element

45、representing a movable part in a product, e.g. a valving element in a directional control valve for fluid power and a contact in an electromechanical switching device, shall be designed in a position that corresponds to: a) the at-rest (unaffected) position for products with automatic return (e.g. a

46、 spring-loaded safety valve, a relay with spring return); b) the non-active position for products without automatic return (e.g. a shut-off valve in a closed position, an electromechanical switching device in open-circuit position). If operational states other than those specified in this part of IS

47、O 81714 are required, the relevant information should be given in the standard for graphical symbols and in the diagram where such operational state occurs. 6.3 Classes of graphical symbols Two classes of graphical symbols are recognized: a) class 1 graphical symbols providing basic information; b)

48、class 2 graphical symbols providing supplementary information. Graphical symbols belonging to class 2 should as far as possible be designed without relation to any specific context in order to make their application as broad as possible. These graphical symbols are intended to be used only together

49、with graphical symbols of class 1. Graphical symbols belonging to class 1, normally reduced in size, may also be used to provide supplementary information (see Figures 2 and 3). NOTE The graphical symbols providing the basic information for a pump as shown in Figure 2, and for an electrostatic microphone as shown in Figure 3, are used in each of the combinations as a graphical symbol giving supplementary information. Figure 2 Pumping system Figure 3 Electrostatic microphone 6.4 Combination of graphical sym