EN ISO TR 25107-2006 en Non-destructive testing - Guidelines for NDT training syllabuses《无损检测 无损检测培训课程指南》.pdf

1、PUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD CEN ISO/TR 25107:2006Non-destructive testing Guidelines for NDT training syllabusesICS 19.100g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43

2、g55g3g47g36g58PD CEN ISO/TR 25107:2006This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2006 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 47172 1National forewordThis Published Document reproduces verbatim ISO/TR 25107:2006.The UK participation in its preparat

3、ion was entrusted to Technical Committee WEE/46, Non-destructive testing, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications re

4、ferred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary prov

5、isions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a Published Document does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretati

6、on, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the CEN ISO/TR title page, the CEN ISO/TR foreword page, the ISO title page

7、, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 81 and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsTECHNICAL REPORTRAPPORT TECHNIQUETECHNISCHER BERICHTCEN ISO/TR 25107July 2006ICS 19.1

8、00English VersionNon-destructive testing - Guidelines for NDT training syllabuses(ISO/TR 25107:2006)Essais non destructifs - Lignes directrices pour lesprogrammes de formation en END (ISO/TR 25107:2006)Zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Leitfaden frAusbildungslehrinhalte (Syllabus) der zerstrungsfreienPrfung

9、(ISO/TR 25107:2006)This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 16 October 2005. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 138.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,

10、Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart,

11、 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. CEN ISO/TR 25107:2006: EForeword This document (CEN ISO/TR 25107:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing“, the secretari

12、at of which is held by AFNOR, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 135 “Non-destructive testing“. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this CEN Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, C

13、yprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN ISO/TR 25107:2006Reference numberI

14、SO/TR 25107:2006(E)TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR25107First edition2006-07-01Non-destructive testing Guidelines for NDT training syllabuses Essais non destructifs Lignes directrices pour les programmes de formation en END CEN ISO/TR 25107:2006ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Nor

15、mative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Introduction to NDT 1 4.1 Role 1 4.2 Task of NDT personnel. 2 4.3 History of NDT. 2 4.4 Terminology of NDT 2 4.5 General environmental and safety considerations . 2 5 Radiographic testing Levels 1, 2 and 3 3 6 Ultrasonic testing Levels 1, 2 and 3 .

16、19 7 Eddy current testing Levels 1, 2 and 3 25 8 Penetrant testing Levels 1, 2 and 3 31 9 Magnetic particle testing Levels 1, 2 and 3 .35 10 Leak testing Levels 1, 2 and 3. 41 11 Acoustic emissions testing Levels 1, 2 and 3. 58 12 Visual testing Levels 1, 2 and 3 67 Bibliography . 78 CEN ISO/TR 2510

17、7:2006iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for

18、which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on al

19、l matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are

20、circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an Int

21、ernational Standard (“state of the art“, for example), it may decide by a simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely informative in nature and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no longer v

22、alid or useful. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TR 25107 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technic

23、al Committee CEN/TC 138, Non-destructive testing, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 135, Non-destructive testing, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). CEN ISO/TR 25107:2006vIntroduction With this Technical Report, ISO/TC135

24、and CEN/TC138 present to the worldwide non-destructive testing (NDT) community their recommendations for the minimum technical knowledge to be required of NDT personnel. These recommendations provide means for evaluating and documenting the competence of personnel whose duties demand the appropriate

25、 theoretical and practical knowledge. As part of the efforts to streamline and harmonize the training and certification of NDT personnel, ISO/TC 135 and CEN/TC 138 have been actively involved in developing guidelines for training syllabuses (this Technical Report) and for NDT training organizations

26、(ISO/TR 27108). These documents are intended to serve those involved in training and to be useful in achieving a uniform level of training material and consequently in the competence of personnel. This document, together with ISO/TR 27108, represents two years of effort for working groups of the two

27、 technical committees in the promotion of harmonization and mutual recognition of minimum requirements taken from the different existing certification schemes. The content of this first edition has been based on the experience of the experts as well as on comments from the end-user industries, as we

28、ll as the most recent edition of the International Committee for Non-destructive testing (ICNDT) recommended guidelines. The time allotment for the different topics takes into account the latest developments in each method and, as a consequence, the total duration can be sometimes greater than the m

29、inimum duration required by ISO 9712 and EN 473. This Technical Report is to be revised in the coming years in order to maintain a workable document in line with the development of NDT methods and techniques. ISO/TC 135 and CEN/TC 138 wish to express their appreciation to all those who contributed t

30、o the production of this publication. CEN ISO/TR 25107:2006blank1Non-destructive testing Guidelines for NDT training syllabuses 1 Scope This Technical Report gives guidelines for non-destructive testing (NDT) training syllabuses, with the intention of harmonizing and maintaining the general standard

31、 of training of NDT personnel for industrial needs. It also establishes the minimum requirements for effective structured training of NDT personnel to ensure eligibility for qualification examinations leading to third-party certification according to recognized standards. In addition to non-destruct

32、ive testing in general, its guidelines for syllabuses cover acoustic emission, eddy current, leak, magnetic particle, penetrant, radiographic, ultrasonic and visual testing. NOTE ISO/TR 27108 gives associated guidelines for NDT training organizations intended for the general part of training courses

33、. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1330 (all parts), Non

34、-destructive testing Terminology 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1330 apply. 4 Introduction to NDT 4.1 Role Non-destructive testing makes an important contribution to the safety, and economic and ecological welfare, of our society. NDT

35、 is the only choice for the testing of an object which may not be destroyed, modified or degraded by the testing process. This is generally required for objects which are to be used after testing, for example, safety parts, pipelines, power plants, and also constructions under in-service inspection,

36、 but even for unique parts in archaeology and culture. NDT is based on physical effects at the surface or the inner structure of the object under test. Often, the outcome of the test needs to be interpreted to give a useful result; sometimes different NDT methods must be combined, or verified by oth

37、er test methods. CEN ISO/TR 25107:20062 4.2 Task of NDT personnel NDT personnel have a great responsibility, not only with respect to their employers or contractors but also under the rules of good workmanship. The NDT personnel must be independent and free from economic influences with regard to hi

38、s test results, otherwise the results are compromised. The NDT personnel should be aware of the importance of his signature and the consequences of incorrect test results for safety, health and environment. Under legal aspects, the falsification of certificates is an offence and judged according to

39、the national legal regulations. A tester may find himself in a conflicting situation about his findings with his employer, the responsible authorities or legal requirements. Finally, the NDT personnel is responsible for all interpretations of test results carrying his signature. NDT personnel should

40、 never sign test reports beyond their certification. 4.3 History of NDT The principle of NDT started to be put into practice with visual checks in prehistoric times. In medieval later centuries, test methods such as simple leakage tests and hardness checks were introduced. The breakthrough for NDT c

41、ame with industrialization in the 19th and 20th centuries: X-ray and ultrasonic testing for inner defects, penetrant and magnetic particle testing for surface cracks. During the last few decades, sophisticated, mostly electronically linked methods, such as eddy current testing, RADAR, computer tomog

42、raphy and thermography have been developed. NDT methods have found application in a wide range of industries from civil engineering and industrial plants to space and defence technology. The history of NDT is linked to many famous researchers and inventors, including Rntgen, Becquerel, Curie, Oerste

43、dt, Faraday and even Leonardo da Vinci. They discovered the physical principles and demonstrated early applications. Altogether approximately 5 000 scientists worldwide made contributions to the present state of NDT. NDT is a global technology. Since NDT tasks and related technical problems are simi

44、lar in all developed countries, improved solutions and new equipment are spread around the world within a few months. Many international conferences and standards committees contribute to a steady and consensual development of NDT for the benefit of safety, economy and the environment. 4.4 Terminolo

45、gy of NDT Correct and standardized terminology is a necessity for a particular technology applied worldwide. It is needed for communication between contracting parties, NDT personnel and certifying bodies. Terms like “indication”, “imperfection”, “flaw” and “defect” require a precise and unequivocal

46、 definition if confusion and misinterpretation of results is to be avoided. See Clause 3. 4.5 General environmental and safety considerations 4.5.1 Non-destructive testing is often applied in conditions where the safety of the operator could be in danger owing to local conditions, or where the appli

47、cation of the particular NDT method or techniques could in itself compromise the safety of the operator and others in the vicinity. An essential element of any course training for NDT personnel must therefore be safety. The duration of the training for this subject should be adequate and be provided

48、 in addition to the technical training associated with a particular NDT method. 4.5.2 General safety considerations include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following: environmental conditions (heat, cold, humidity); toxicity (NDT materials, tested products, atmosphere); radiation safety (ND

49、T materials, products, local regulations); CEN ISO/TR 25107:20063 electrical safety (NDT equipment, lethal voltages, EMC); potential for injury to personnel (working at height or in other dangerous environments); personal protection equipment (clothing, radiation dosimeters). 5 Radiographic testing Levels 1, 2 and 3 The letters E and P followed by a value indicate the educational training time and practical training time respectively, in hours. NOTE As specified in EN 473, direct access to the level 3 examination requires the total h