ETSI EN 300 718-1-2001 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Radio Spectrum Matters (ERM) Avalanche Beacons Transmitter-Receiver Systems Part 1 Technical Characteristics and Test Metho.pdf

1、ETSI EN 300 71 8-1 1.2.1 (2001-05) European Standard (Telecommunications series) Electromagnetic com pati bi I ity and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Avalanche Beacons; Transmitter-receiver systems; Part 1 : Technical characteristics and test methods 2 ETSI EN 300 718-1 V1.2.1 (2001-05) Reference REN

2、/ERM-RP08-0409-1 Keywords Radio, safety, SAR, testing ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-O6921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 O0 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret No 348 623 562 O0017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-prfecture de Grasse (06) No 7803/88 Importan

3、t notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: htt!x/w.ettlsi. orq The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the P

4、ortable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Informa

5、tion on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at If you find errors in the present document, send your comment to: ed itoretsi .fr Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction exten

6、d to reproduction in all media. O European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2001. All rights reserved. ETSI 3 ETSI EN 300 718-1 V1.2.1 (2001-05) Contents Intellectual Property Rights 6 Foreword 6 1 Scope 7 2 References 7 3 3.1 Definitions 7 3.2 Abbreviations 8 3.3 Symbols 8 Definitions, symbol

7、s and abbreviations . 7 4.3 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.4 5.4.1 5.5 5.5.1 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 7 7.1 7.2 7.2.1 7.2.2 7.2.3 7.3 7.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.3.4 7.4 7.4.1 7.4.2 4 General . 8 4.1 Presentation of equipment for testing . 8 4.2 Mechanical and electrical design 8 4.2.1 General 8 4.2.2 Controls and in

8、dicators . 9 4.2.3 Maintaining the transmit mode . 9 4.2.4 Battery type . 9 4.2.5 Operating time . 9 4.2.6 Battery check . 9 4.2.7 Carrying system . 9 Short form operating instructions 10 Operating and storage temperatures 10 Interpretation of the measurement results . 10 4.2.8 Operating Frequency 9

9、 4.2.9 Operating instructions 9 4.2.10 4.2.1 1 Test conditions. power sources and ambient temperatures . 10 Normal and extreme test conditions . 10 External test power source . 10 Normal temperature and humidity 11 Normal test voltage 11 Extreme temperatures . 11 Procedure for tests at extreme tempe

10、ratures 11 General conditions 12 Normal test conditions . 11 Extreme test conditions 11 Extreme test voltages . 11 Normal test signals 12 Test fixture 12 Test sites and general arrangements for radiated measurements 12 Measuring receiver 12 Environmental tests 13 Drop test on hard surface . 13 Defin

11、ition 13 Method of measurement . 13 Requirements . 13 General 13 Dry heat cycle 13 Low temperature cycle . 14 Requirements . 14 Immersion test . 14 Method of measurement . 14 Requirements . 14 Procedure 13 Temperature tests 13 ETSI 4 ETSI EN 300 718-1 V1.2.1 (2001-05) 7.5 Solar radiation . 14 7.5.1

12、7.6 Tensile test 15 7.6.1 Method of measurement . 14 7.5.2 Requirements . 14 Method of measurement . 15 7.6.2 Requirements . 15 8.1 8.1.1 8.1.2 8.1.3 8.2 8.2.1 8.2.2 8.2.3 8.3 8.3.1 8.3.2 8.3.3 8.3.3.1 8.3.3.2 8.4 8.4.1 8.4.2 8.4.2.1 8.4.2.2 8.4.3 8.4.3.1 8.4.3.2 8 Transmitter parameters . 15 Modula

13、tion and carrier keying . 15 Definition 15 Method of measurement . 15 Frequency error . 16 Method of measurement . 16 Limits 15 Definition 16 Limits 16 Output field strength (H-field) . 16 Definition 16 Limits 16 Method of measurement . 16 Minimum transmitted field 16 Maximum transmitted field . 17

14、Transmitter spurious emissions 17 Method of measurement ( 30 MHz) 17 Method of measurement (2 30 MHz) . 17 Definition 17 Radiated H-field . 17 Limits . 17 Effective radiated power 17 Limits . 18 9 Receiver parameters 18 9.1 Receiver sensitivity . 18 9.1.1 Definition 18 9.1.2 9.1.3 Limits 19 9.2 9.2.

15、1 Definition 19 9.3 Receiver spurious emissions 19 9.3.1 Definition 19 9.3.2.1 9.3.2.2 Limits . 20 9.3.3 Effective radiated power 20 9.3.3.1 Method of measurement . 19 Changes in the received signal . 19 9.2.2 Requirement 19 9.3.2 Radiated H-field . 19 Method of measurement ( 30 MHz) 19 Method of me

16、asurement (2 30 MHz) . 20 9.3.3.2 Limits . 21 1 O Measurement uncertainty 21 Annex A (normative): Radiated measurements . 22 Outdoor test site 22 A.l.l.l Standard position . 22 A . 1 A.l.l A.1.2 Test antenna 23 A.1.2.1 Below 30 MHz . 23 A . 1.2.2 Above 30 MHz 23 A . 1.3 A . 1.4 A.2 A.2.1 Measuring d

17、istance 25 A.2.2 Test antenna 25 Test sites and general arrangements for measurements involving the use of radiated fields 22 Substitution antenna 23 Optional additional indoor site . 24 Guidance on the use of radiation test sites . 25 ETSI 5 ETSI EN 300 718-1 V1.2.1 (2001-05) A.2.3 Substitution ant

18、enna 25 A.2.4 Artificial antenna . 25 A.2.5 Auxiliary cables 25 A.3 Further optional alternative indoor test site using an anechoic chamber . 26 A.3.1 Example of the construction of a shielded anechoic chamber 26 A.3.2 Influence of parasitic reflections in anechoic chambers 26 A.3.3 Calibration of t

19、he shielded RF anechoic chamber . 27 Annex B (normative): Spurious limits. radiated H-field at 10 m distances 29 Annex C (normative): Simulated solar radiation source . 30 Annex D (informative): E-fields in the near field at low frequencies 31 Annex E (normative): H-field limit correction factor for

20、 generated E-fields . 33 History . 34 ETSI 6 ETSI EN 300 718-1 V1.2.1 (2001-05) Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI memb

21、ers and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR O00 3 14: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, orpotentially Essential, IPRs notjed to ETSI in respect OfETSIstandards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (htt:/!wvw.etsi ordj

22、 r). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR O00 3 14 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the p

23、resent document. Foreword This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (EM). For non-EU countries the present document may be used for regulatory (Type Approval) purposes. The present documen

24、t is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering the Avalanche Beacons; Transmitter-receiver systems, as identified below: Part 1: Part 2: Part 3: “Technical characteristics and test methods“; “Harmonized EN covering essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R “Harmonized EN covering essential re

25、quirements of article 3.3e of the R Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics“. CISPR 16- 1 : “Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods; Part 1 : Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus“. ITU Radio Regulations (1 998

26、), Appendix S 1 “Classification of emissions and necessary bandwidths“. Pl 31 41 3 3.1 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations Defi nit ions For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in the R 0 a control unit including an odoff switch; and 0 a means for conveying infor

27、mation about the received signals to the user. ETSI 9 ETSI EN 300 718-1 V1.2.1 (2001-05) 4.2.2 Controls and indicators The equipment shall have the following controls: 0 on/off switch for the equipment with a visual indication that the equipment is switched on; 0 a mean for conveying information abo

28、ut the received signals to the user; and a battery check feature. 4.2.3 Maintaining the transmit mode A safety feature against involuntary or accidental leaving of the transmit mode shall be provided in the equipment. 4.2.4 Battery type The equipment shall use a widely obtained battery type. 4.2.5 O

29、perating time With a set of batteries as recommended by the applicant, the equipment shall be capable of at least 200 hours of transmitting at a temperature of + 10C and subsequent receiving for 1 hour at a temperature of - 1 O“C, in compliance with the requirements as stated in clauses 8.3 and 9.1.

30、 4.2.6 Battery check The equipment shall include a battery check feature. A positive check shall indicate the capability of at least 20 hours of transmitting at a temperature of + 10C and subsequent receiving for 1 hour at a temperature of - 1 O“C, in compliance with the requirements as stated in cl

31、auses 8.3 and 9.1. 4.2.7 Carrying system The equipment shall include a carrying system that gives the possibility for easy operation and safe placing. The carrying system can be a part of the equipment or an accessory device. The carrying system shall have a joint tensile strength of at least 50 N.

32、4.2.8 Operating Frequency The equipment shall operate at the nominal frequency of 457 kHz in the transmit as well as in the receive mode. 4.2.9 Operating instructions Operating instructions shall be delivered with every equipment. They shall cover the following subjects: a) a statement on avalanche

33、danger; b) instruction for checking the battery, transmitter and receiver performance and range; c) instructions for turning on the transmitter and strapping the beacon to the body; d) instructions for changing to the receive mode and the search strategy (coarse search and fine search); e) instructi

34、ons for changing back to the transmit mode, in particular in the case of secondary avalanche; f) a statement on the temperature sensitivity of essential parts; g) a statement on the battery lifetime; h) device-specific measures on a tour. ETSI 10 ETSI EN 300 718-1 V1.2.1 (2001-05) 4.2.1 O Short form

35、 operating instructions A short form of the operating instructions shall be printed onto the case. The printing shall be clearly visible and abrasion proof. Also, the proper positioning of the batteries shall be indicated. 4.2.1 1 Operating and storage temperatures The equipment shall be able to ope

36、rate correctly in the temperature range from -20 to +45“C and shall be stored without damage in the temperature range from -25 to +70“C. 4.3 Interpretation of the measurement results The interpretation of the results recorded in the appropriate test report for the measurements described in the prese

37、nt document shall be as follows: the measured value related to the corresponding limit shall be used to decide whether an equipment meets the requirements of the present document; the measurement uncertainty value for the measurement of each parameter shall be separately included in the test report;

38、 the recorded value of the measurement uncertainly shall be, for each measurement, equal to or lower than the figures in the table of measurement uncertainty in clause 1 O. 5 Test conditions, power sources and ambient tem perat u res 5.1 Normal and extreme test conditions Type testing shall be made

39、under normal test conditions, and also, where stated, under extreme test conditions. The test conditions and procedures shall be as specified in clauses 5.2 to 5.4. 5.2 External test power source During type tests, the power source of the equipment shall be replaced by an external test power source

40、capable of producing normal and extreme test voltages as specified in clauses 5.3.2 and 5.4.2. The internal impedance of the external test power source shall be low enough for its effect on the test results to be negligible. For the purpose of the tests, the voltage of the external test power source

41、 shall be measured at the input terminals of the equipment. The non-grounded terminal of the batteries shall be disconnected, but batteries shall be left in place. The external test power source shall be suitably de-coupled and applied as close to the equipment battery terminals as practicable. The

42、power leads shall be as short as practicable and properly dressed. For radiated measurements fully charged internal batteries should be used. The batteries used should be as supplied or recommended by the applicant. During tests the external test power source voltages shall be within a tolerance *1

43、% relative to the voltage at the beginning of each test. ETSI 11 ETSI EN 300 718-1 V1.2.1 (2001-05) 5.3 Normal test conditions 5.3.1 Normal temperature and humidity The normal temperature and humidity conditions for tests shall be any convenient combination of temperature and humidity within the fol

44、lowing ranges: temperature: +15“C to +35“C; relative humidity: 20 % to 75 %. When it is impracticable to carry out tests under these conditions, a note to this effect, stating the ambient temperature and relative humidity during the tests, shall be added to the test report. 5.3.2 Normal test voltage

45、 The normal test voltage shall be declared by the applicant. The values shall be stated in the test report. 5.4 Extreme test conditions 5.4.1 Extreme temperatures The extreme operating and storage temperames used for the tests shall be those declared by the manufacturer for the equipment. 5.5 Extrem

46、e test voltages The extreme test voltages shall be declared by the applicant. 5.5.1 Procedure for tests at extreme temperatures Before measurements are made the equipment shall have reached thermal balance in the test chamber. The equipment shall be switched off during the temperature stabilizing pe

47、riod. In the case of equipment containing temperature stabilization circuits designed to operate continuously, the temperature stabilization circuits shall be switched on for 15 minutes after thermal balance has been obtained, and the equipment shall then meet the specified requirements. If the ther

48、mal balance is not checked by measurements, a temperatwe stabilizing period of at least one hour, or such period as may be decided by the accredited test laboratory, shall be allowed. The sequence of measurements shall be chosen, and the humidity content in the test chamber shall be controlled so th

49、at excessive condensation does not occur. ETSI 12 ETSI EN 300 718-1 V1.2.1 (2001-05) Frequency (f) 9 kHzSfe150kHz 150 kHz Sf e 30 MHz 30MHzSfSl 000MHz 6 Gen era I co nd it ions Detector type Bandwidth Quasi-peak Quasi-peak Quasi-peak 200 Hz to 300 Hz 9 kHz to 10 kHz 1 O0 kHz to 120 kHz 6.1 Normal test signals Tests on the transmitter shall be performed with the equipment switched on in the normal transmit mode. For tests on the receiver, the test signal shall be an A1A signal modulated as indicated in clause 8.1. 6.2 Test fixture A test fixture may be supplied by the applic