ETSI EN 302 018-2-2006 Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM) Transmitting equipment for the Frequency Modulated (FM) sound broadcasting service Part 2 Harm.pdf

1、 ETSI EN 302 018-2 V1.2.1 (2006-03)Candidate Harmonized European Standard (Telecommunications series) Electromagnetic compatibilityand Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);Transmitting equipment for theFrequency Modulated (FM)sound broadcasting service;Part 2: Harmonized EN under article 3.2of the R Essenti

2、al, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has be

3、en carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Candidate Harmonized European Standard (Telecommunicatio

4、ns series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). The present document has been produced by ETSI in response to a mandate from the European Commission issued under Council Directive 98/34/EC (as amended) laying down a procedure f

5、or the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations. The present document is intended to become a Harmonized Standard, the reference of which will be published in the Official Journal of the European Communities referencing the Directive 1999/5/EC 2 of the European Pa

6、rliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their conformity (“the R Part 2: “Harmonized EN under article 3.2 of the R it provides scope for standards to be added: - under article 3.2 when new frequency bands

7、are agreed; or - under article 3.3 should the Commission take the necessary decisions without requiring alteration of standards that are already published; it clarifies, simplifies and promotes the usage of Harmonized Standards as the relevant means of conformity assessment. Other documents directly

8、 associated with the present document: EN 302 018-1 5; EN 301 489-11 6. ETSI ETSI EN 302 018-2 V1.2.1 (2006-03) 8 1 Scope The present document applies to Transmitting equipment for the frequency-modulated sound broadcasting service. The types of equipment covered by the present document are as follo

9、ws: Transmitting equipment for frequency modulated sound broadcasting service operating in both Monophonic and Stereophonic operating in the frequency range 68 MHz to 108 MHz. The present document is intended to cover the provisions of article 3.2, of Directive 1999/5/EC 2, which states that “ radio

10、 equipment shall be so constructed that it effectively uses the spectrum allocated to terrestrial/space radio communications and orbital resources so as to avoid harmful interference“. In addition to the present document, other ENs that specify technical requirements in respect of essential requirem

11、ents under other parts of article 3 of the R Transmitting equipment for the Frequency Modulated (FM) sound broadcasting service; Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods“. 6 ETSI EN 301 489-11: “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (

12、EMC) standard for radio equipment and services; Part 11: Specific conditions for terrestrial sound broadcasting service transmitters“. 7 CENELEC EN 55011 (1998): “Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measuremen

13、t“. 8 IEC 60489-1 (1999): “Methods of measurement for radio equipment used in the mobile services. Part 1: General definitions and standard conditions of measurement“. ETSI ETSI EN 302 018-2 V1.2.1 (2006-03) 9 9 ETSI TR 100 028 series (2001): “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters

14、 (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics“. 10 ITU-R Recommendation SM.329 (2003): “Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain“. 11 ITU-R Recommendation BS.412 (1998): “Planning standards for terrestrial FM sound broadcasting at VHF“. 12 ITU-R Recommendation B

15、S.641 (1986): “Determination of radio-frequency protection ratios for frequency-modulated sound broadcasting“. 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: antenna port: port of an apparatus which is des

16、igned, in normal operation, to be connected to an antenna using coaxial cable broadcasting service: radio communication service in which the transmissions are intended for direct reception by the general public NOTE: This service may include sound transmissions, television transmissions or other typ

17、es of transmission. cabinet radiation: radiation from an enclosure containing, equipment, excluding radiation from connected antennas or cables carrier power: average power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a transmitter during one cycle taken under the condition of no modulation channel

18、L: left hand channel of a stereophonic signal channel R: right hand channel of a stereophonic signal class of emission: set of characteristics of an emission, designated by standard symbols, e.g. type of modulation of the main carrier, modulating signal, type of information to be transmitted, and al

19、so, if appropriate, any additional signal characteristics composite: See “Multiplex (MPX) signal“. dBc: decibels relative to the unmodulated carrier power of the emission NOTE: In the cases which do not have a carrier, for example in some digital modulation schemes where the carrier is not accessibl

20、e for measurement, the reference level equivalent to dBc is decibels relative to the mean power P. difference signal: signal (S) theoretically equal to half the difference between the left (L) and right (R) stereophonic signals, and in practice proportional to this difference. S = (L - R) / 2 enclos

21、ure port: physical boundary of the apparatus through which electromagnetic fields may radiate or impinge NOTE: In the case of integral antenna equipment, this port is inseparable from the antenna port. environmental profile: range of environmental conditions under which equipment within the scope of

22、 EN 302 018-2 is required to comply with the provisions of EN 302 018-2 exclusion band: band of radio frequencies where no measurements are made harmonic: component of order greater than 1 of the Fourier series of a periodic quantity harmonic number: integral number given by the ratio of the frequen

23、cy of a harmonic to the fundamental frequency (2 harmonic = 2 fundamental frequency) ETSI ETSI EN 302 018-2 V1.2.1 (2006-03) 10mean power: average power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a transmitter during an interval of time sufficiently long compared with the lowest frequency encounte

24、red in the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions MultiPleX (MPX) signal: contains all information, including the pilot tone and any supplementary signal which is used to frequency modulate the VHF FM transmitter necessary bandwidth: for a given class of emission, the width of t

25、he frequency band which is sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions out-of-band emissions: emission on a frequency or frequencies immediately outside the necessary bandwidth which results from the modulation process, bu

26、t excluding spurious emissions reference bandwidth: bandwidth in which the spurious emission level is specified signal L: corresponds to the information in the left channel of the stereophonic signal signal R: corresponds to the information in the right channel of the stereophonic signal spurious em

27、issions: emission on a frequency or frequencies which are outside the necessary bandwidth and the level of which may be reduced without affecting the corresponding transmission of information NOTE: Spurious emissions include harmonic emissions, parasitic emissions, intermodulation products and frequ

28、ency conversion products but exclude out of band emissions. stereo subcarrier: 38 kHz subcarrier used to carry the difference signal sum signal: signal(M) theoretically equal to half of the sum of the left (L) and right (R) stereophonic signals, and in practice proportional to this sum. M = (L + R)

29、/ 2 unwanted emissions: consist of spurious emissions and out of band emissions 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: micro, 10-63.3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AF Audio Frequency dB deciBel,

30、logarithmic ratio (tenths of a “Bel“) dBm dB relative to one milliwatt EMC Electro-Magnetic Compatibility EUT Equipment Under Test FM Frequency Modulation HS-RTT Harmonized Standard - Requirements b) the highest operating frequency of the EUT; c) a frequency mid-way between a) and b) above. Test arr

31、angement (see figure B.1): 1) connect the AF Signal Generator to the EUT; 2) connect the EUT to the Test Load, via the Coupling Device; 3) connect the Spectrum Analyser to the Coupling Device. 4.2.1.2.2 Procedure 1) measure the peak power of the unmodulated carrier on the Spectrum Analyser and set i

32、ts value as a reference; 2) operate the EUT at each of the test frequencies as defined in clause 4.2.1.2.1; 3) measure the peak power of harmonic emissions on the Spectrum Analyser; 4) set the AF Signal Generator to deliver a test signal as defined in clause B.1.4; 5) measure the peak power of the m

33、odulated carrier on the Spectrum Analyser and set its value as a reference; 6) operate the EUT at each of the test frequencies as defined in clause 4.2.1.2.1; ETSI ETSI EN 302 018-2 V1.2.1 (2006-03) 127) measure the results on the Spectrum Analyser. NOTE: Measurements shall be made in the operationa

34、l mode producing the largest emission in the frequency band. 4.2.1.2.3 Test requirements The results obtained shall be compared to the limits in clause 4.2.1.3 in order to demonstrate compliance. 4.2.1.3 Limit Spurious emissions shall not exceed the values set out in table 4.1, shown additionally in

35、 figure 4.1 for the frequency range 9 kHz to 1 GHz. Table 4.1: Spurious emission limits Mean power of the transmitter Limits Mean power absolute levels (dBm) or relative levels (dBc) below the power supplied to the antenna port in the reference bandwidth (see annex B) P 230 MHz - 1 GHz NOTE 1: P0 =

36、RF output power in W. NOTE 2: The exclusion band for the transmitter extends from Fc - 300 kHz to Fc + 300 kHz, where Fc is the operating frequency in MHz. NOTE 1: The measurements can be carried out at other distances. In that case limits are modified according to the relation: L(x) = L(10m) + 20 l

37、og (10/x) where x = distance in meter (m). NOTE 2: Care should be taken if measuring at test distances below 10 m as this may be in the near field. NOTE 3: In cases of dispute the measurement distance of 10 m shall take precedence. ETSI ETSI EN 302 018-2 V1.2.1 (2006-03) 18dBV/m7060504030Mean power

38、of the transmitter30 40 50 60 70 80 90 dBm1W 10W 100W 1kW 10kW 100kW 1MW2,5 5 25 50 250 500 2,5 5 250 50025 5030 MHz - 230 MHz230 MHz - 1 GHz80Figure 4.3: Cabinet radiation limits for FM sound broadcasting transmitters 4.4 Measurement Uncertainties Measurement uncertainty should be calculated and te

39、chniques employed to minimize its range. This uncertainty should be applied to the limit and any measurement falling below the range is deemed acceptable 9. ETSI ETSI EN 302 018-2 V1.2.1 (2006-03) 19Annex A (normative): HS-RTT Notwithstanding the provisions of the copyright clause related to the tex

40、t of the present document, ETSI grants that users of the present document may freely reproduce the HS-RTT pro forma in this annex so that it can be used for its intended purposes and may further publish the completed HS-RTT. The HS Requirements it provides a statement of all the test procedure corre

41、sponding to those essential requirements by cross reference to specific clause(s) in the present document or to a specific clause(s) in specific referenced document(s); it qualifies each requirement to be either: - Unconditional - meaning that the requirement applies in all circumstances, or - Condi

42、tional - meaning that the requirement is dependent on the manufacturer having chosen to support optional functionality defined within the schedule; in the case of Conditional requirements, it associates the requirement with the particular optional service or functionality; it qualifies each test pro

43、cedure to be either: - Essential: meaning that it is included with the Essential Radio Test Suite and therefore the requirement shall be demonstrated to be met in accordance with the referenced procedures; - Other: meaning that the test procedure is illustrative but other means of demonstrating comp

44、liance with the requirement are permitted; when the schedule is completed in respect of a particular equipment including the testing outcomes, including a completed version of table A.1 it provides a means to assert the “presumption of conformity“ with the HS. Table A.1: HS Requirements those design

45、ated “O“ make up the Other Test Suite; for those designated “X“ there is no test specified corresponding to the technical requirements. All tests classified “E“ shall be performed as specified with satisfactory outcomes is a necessary condition for a presumption of conformity. Technical requirements

46、 associated with tests classified “O“ or “X“ must be complied with as a necessary condition for presumption of conformity, although conformance with the requirement may be claimed by an equivalent test or by manufacturers assertion supported by appropriate entries in the technical construction file.

47、 Reference: Clause Number Identification of clause(s) defining the test specification in the present, document unless another document is referenced explicitly. Where no test is specified (that is, where the previous field is “X“) this field remains blank. ETSI ETSI EN 302 018-2 V1.2.1 (2006-03) 21A

48、nnex B (normative): General measuring arrangements B.1 Testing arrangements for antenna port measurements B.1.1 Testing arrangement for monophonic transmitters Coupling DeviceTestLoadRF OutputAF SignalGeneratorAF SignalGeneratorEnvelope Detector(AM Demodulator)-Volt Meter-Spectrum Analyser-Distortio

49、n Meter-Noise Meter(ITU-R Rec.BS.468)-Peak Volt Meter-Selective Volt Meter-DC VoltmeterDemodulator and Deviation MeterEUTFM TransmitterSpectrum AnalyserNoise MeterFigure B.1: Testing arrangement for monophonic transmitters ETSI ETSI EN 302 018-2 V1.2.1 (2006-03) 22B.1.2 Testing arrangement stereophonic transmitters EUTFM TransmitterCoupling DeviceTestLoadRF OutputStereo CoderEnvelope Detector(AM Demodulator)Ch L (See note 2)Ch RAF SignalGenerator(See note 1)-Peak Volt Meter-Selective Volt Meter-DC VoltmeterStereo DecoderDemodulator and Deviat