1、 ETSI EN 302 326-1 V1.2.2 (2007-06)European Standard (Telecommunications series) Fixed Radio Systems;Multipoint Equipment and Antennas;Part 1: Overview and Requirements forDigital Multipoint Radio SystemsETSI ETSI EN 302 326-1 V1.2.2 (2007-06) 2 Reference REN/TM-04170-1 Keywords access, DFRS, DRRS,
2、FWA, multipoint, radio, system ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copie
3、s of the present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (P
4、DF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status
5、 of this and other ETSI documents is available at http:/portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except
6、as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2007. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTMa
7、nd the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI ETSI EN 302 326-1 V1.2.2 (2007-06) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights6 For
8、eword.6 0 Introduction 8 0.1 General .8 0.2 Technology features of multipoint systems9 0.2.1 General9 0.2.2 Network topology overview .9 0.2.3 Multiplexing methods overview .9 0.2.4 Multiple access methods.10 0.2.5 Duplex methods overview 10 0.2.6 Modulation overview10 0.2.7 Error correction overvie
9、w.11 0.2.8 Equivalent Modulation Order (EMO).11 0.3 The licensing authority of the national administrations12 1 Scope 13 1.1 Multipoint radio systems 13 1.2 Frequencies.13 1.3 Access methods 14 1.4 Equivalent Modulation Order (EMO) and related capacity14 1.5 Duplex methods14 1.6 Asymmetric MP implem
10、entations14 1.7 Antenna types.15 1.8 Interoperability requirements .15 2 References 15 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations .17 3.1 Definitions17 3.2 Symbols20 3.3 Abbreviations .20 3.4 Equipment classification conventions 22 4 General system architecture .23 4.1 General architecture .23 4.2 Poi
11、nt-to-Multipoint architectures .23 4.3 Mesh (or MP-MP) architectures.24 4.4 Antenna types.25 4.5 Antenna type - station type combinations 26 5 Frequency bands and channel plans .26 5.1 Frequency bands.26 5.2 Channel arrangements and block assignment.28 6 Profiles and requirements.29 6.1 Profiles .29
12、 6.1.1 General29 6.1.2 Equipment profiles29 6.1.3 Antenna profiles31 6.1.4 System profiles .31 6.2 RF reference architecture .32 6.3 Environmental Profile 33 6.3.1 General33 6.3.2 Equipment within weather protected locations (indoor locations)33 6.3.3 Equipment for non weather protected locations (o
13、utdoor locations) 33 6.3.4 Antennas .33 6.4 Main requirements for equipment 34 6.4.1 Introduction.34 ETSI ETSI EN 302 326-1 V1.2.2 (2007-06) 4 6.4.2 System capacity 34 6.4.3 Transmit characteristics 34 6.4.4 Receive characteristics35 6.5 Main requirements for antennas .35 7 Complementary requirement
14、s 36 7.1 General .36 7.2 System design considerations.36 7.2.1 Transmit power tolerance .36 7.2.2 Transmit power range (ATPC/RTPC) 36 7.2.3 Input level range .36 7.2.4 Two tone interference .37 7.2.5 Impulsive interference 37 7.2.6 Distortion sensitivity.38 7.2.7 System error performance and availab
15、ility .38 7.2.8 Residual bit error ratio (RBER) 38 7.2.9 System availability39 7.3 Interfaces 39 7.3.1 Power supply 39 7.3.2 Subscriber interfaces.39 7.3.3 Network interfaces39 7.3.4 Equipment interface to branching network/feeder/antenna 39 7.3.4.1 RF connectors and wave guide flanges .39 7.3.4.2 R
16、eturn Loss .40 7.3.5 Antenna interface to equipment 40 7.3.5.1 Antenna input connectors40 7.3.5.2 VSWR at the input port(s).41 7.3.5.3 Inter-port isolation.41 7.4 Environmental and mechanical conditions.41 7.4.1 Wind loading and ice loading of antennas 41 7.4.2 Antenna Labelling 41 7.4.3 Mechanical
17、stability41 Annex A (normative): Equipment Classification (EqC) .43 A.1 Rationale.43 A.2 EqC as a means of identifying a consistent parameter set for equipment compliance.43 A.2.1 General .43 A.2.2 Primary Equipment Type (EqC-PET) 44 A.2.3 Secondary Equipment Type (EqC-SET) 44 A.2.4 Equivalent Modul
18、ation Order (EqC-EMO)45 A.2.5 Channel Separation (EqC-ChS)45 A.2.6 Frequency Operating Range (EqC-FR) 46 A.2.7 Station Type (EqC-STN)46 Annex B (informative): Relationship between superseded standards and Equipment Classification (EqC) of equipment profiles47 Annex C (informative): Receiver selectiv
19、ity and noise figure 50 Annex D (informative): Traffic path characteristics.51 D.1 Synchronization of traffic interfaces 51 D.2 Round trip delay.51 D.3 Voice coding methods51 D.4 Transparency 52 Annex E (informative): Typical reference model for BER, MGBR and EMO.53 E.1 General .53 E.2 Interface X1t
20、o XN.54 ETSI ETSI EN 302 326-1 V1.2.2 (2007-06) 5 E.3 Payload processing block .54 E.4 Multiple access block.55 E.5 Outer error correcting block.55 E.6 Inner error correcting block55 E.7 Modulator.56 E.8 Choice of reference point for BER, MGBR and EMO 56 E.9 Examples 56 E.9.1 16 QAM TDMA system with
21、 rate convolutional coding .56 E.9.2 16 QAM TDMA system with rate convolutional coding and 204/188 Reed Solomon coding 57 E.9.3 16 QAM TDMA system with rate turbo coding.57 E.9.4 16 QAM FDMA system with rate convolutional coding .57 Annex F (informative): Mixed-mode operation 58 F.1 Introduction 58
22、F.2 General description of mixed-mode systems .58 F.3 Historical derivation of transmit spectrum masks 58 F.4 Rationale for Multipoint transmit masks59 F.4.1 Introduction 59 F.4.2 Irrelevance of ETSI transmit spectrum mask in determining adjacent channel requirement for intra-system planning59 F.4.3
23、 Applicability of the transmit spectrum mask to inter-system planning 59 F.4.4 Minimum traffic capacity imposed by the regulator 60 F.5 Essential requirements for transmitters and receivers operating in mixed-mode.60 F.5.1 Requirements summary60 F.5.2 Transmit spectrum masks for mixed-mode 60 F.5.3
24、Adjacent channel interference 62 F.5.4 Co-channel interference .62 Annex G (informative): Application of this multi-part deliverable .63 Annex H (informative): Notification of Interfaces under article 4.1 of the R Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standard
25、s“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other
26、IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Transmission and Multiplexing (TM). The pre
27、sent document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering the Fixed Radio Systems; Multipoint Equipment and Antennas, as identified below: Part 1: “Overview and Requirements for Digital Multipoint Radio Systems“; Part 2: “Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R P
28、art 3: “Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R the latter usually identified as Multi Carrier-Time Division Multiple Access (MC-TDMA), whose requirements are generally different from the single carrier applications. FDMA: Frequency Division Multiple Access. DS-CDMA
29、: Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access. FH-CDMA: Frequency Hopping-Code Division Multiple Access. OFDMA: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access. It should be noted that the above list of access methods is historically derived from those defined in the earlier set of multipoint standa
30、rds. It is not exhaustive and in this respect this multi-part deliverable is, as far as possible, independent of access method. In particular modern digital access technology allows the use of more than one basic access layer (e.g. TDMA/OFDMA). A description of some of the different basic access met
31、hods and a generic comparison among them is provided in TR 101 274 (see bibliography). Generally, the multiplex method is analogous to the access method. For example, a system using FDMA as the multiple access method from the TSs to CS typically uses Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) as the mult
32、iplexing method from the CS to the TSs. However, this correspondence is neither universal nor mandatory. It should be noted that, in general, these different access methods have different values of parameters applicable due to the variation in necessary technical characteristics of such systems. 0.2
33、.5 Duplex methods overview Two different duplex methods are used to separate the two directions of signal in a bi-directional link: TDD: Time Division Duplex. FDD: Frequency Division Duplex. NOTE: In FDD operation, two operational modes are possible: - When both directions transmit simultaneously (g
34、enerally known as full duplex). - When the two directions operate at different times (generally known as half duplex, H-FDD). 0.2.6 Modulation overview In order to transmit digital data across the radio frequency path, one or more parameters of the radio frequency signal is modulated, typically freq
35、uency, phase or amplitude. For the commonly used modulation technique, Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), the two orthogonal carriers are independently amplitude modulated, with the number of discrete amplitude steps permitted for each phase determining the number of possible different states ea
36、ch symbol may assume. In order to constrain the bandwidth of the modulated signal, either the modulating signals or the modulated carriers are filtered (for example, systems may use square root raised cosine shaping of the carrier/sub-carrier). Within a multipoint system different modulation methods
37、 may be applied in different situations, at different times and in alternate directions: up-link and down-link. Examples of modulation techniques which may be used in multipoint radio systems are: FSK: Frequency Shift Keying. PSK: Phase Shift Keying. QPSK: Quadrature Phase Shift Keying. ETSI ETSI EN
38、 302 326-1 V1.2.2 (2007-06) 11QAM: Quadrature Amplitude Modulation. OFDM: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing. NOTE 1: OFDM has some attributes of a multiplexing method as well as of a modulation technique. NOTE 2: OFDM has some attributes of a modulation technique as well as of a multiplexin
39、g method. 0.2.7 Error correction overview The error performance of the system may be improved by the use of Forward Error Correction (FEC) or Automatic ReQuest for retransmission (ARQ). One of the main differences between these two techniques stems from their different implementation aspects within
40、an ISO 7 layer model. Forward error correction may use an inner code (such as convolutional coding), an outer code (such as Reed Solomon), a concatenation of an inner and outer code, or an integrated inner and outer code (such as Turbo code). In general, FEC incurs a constant delay to the data trans
41、ported and a constant overhead to the available bit rate, although a system may adapt the level of FEC to varying conditions. ARQ detects the reception of data which are in error and requests retransmission of the faulty data. In general, the delay to the data transmitted may vary, as may the overhe
42、ad to the available bit rate, although bit error rates approaching zero may be obtained for a wider range of conditions. A multipoint system may use FEC, ARQ, both, or neither. 0.2.8 Equivalent Modulation Order (EMO) The modulation order of a modulator and demodulator is determined by the number of
43、discrete states which may be assigned to each symbol. The modulation order is defined as log2(N), where N is the number of permitted states per symbol. All other factors being equal, modulation at higher orders is capable of carrying a higher bit rate in the equivalent radio frequency channel when c
44、ompared with modulation at lower orders, but it can tolerate less interference for the same bit error rate. However, with the advent of techniques such as forward error correction (as described in clause 0.2.7), the instantaneous bit rate of information which may be transmitted over the air is no lo
45、nger solely determined by the modulation order. Similarly, the BER performance of a system with FEC is no longer determined solely by the modulation order. Annex A addresses Equipment Classification (EqC) and defines a new key element in the system profile, Equivalent Modulation Order (EqC-EMO). The
46、 supplier indicates a value of EqC-EMO, (which need not necessarily correspond to the physical modulation order) which together with other aspects of EqC, determines which requirements of the standard are applicable to that equipment. Annex E discusses practical implementation issues concerning the
47、relationship between transmitted bits per second, symbol rate and error correction aspects and considers the reference points at which the minimum gross bit rate and BER may be defined. Within a multipoint system different modulation orders may be applied in different situations, at different times
48、and in alternate directions up-link and down-link. It should be noted that in P-MP systems CS may use different modulation order (generally higher) than that used in TSs. ETSI ETSI EN 302 326-1 V1.2.2 (2007-06) 120.3 The licensing authority of the national administrations The sovereign authority of
49、national administrations is, of course, unrestricted by the provisions of this multi-part deliverable and remains outside ETSIs remit. This multi-part deliverable sets out the requirements for multipoint systems in using alternative topologies, several alternative frequency band and channel plans, using alternative duplex methods, using different equipment types and different antenna types. However, attention is drawn to the fact that many aspects of the equipment and antennas addressed by this multi-part deliverable will be subject to national licensing rules. For in
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