1、 ETSI ES 201 488-2 V1.2.2 (2003-10)ETSI Standard Access and Terminals (AT);Data Over Cable Systems;Part 2: Radio Frequency Interface SpecificationETSI ETSI ES 201 488-2 V1.2.2 (2003-10) 2 Reference RES/AT-020045-2 Keywords access, broadband, broadcasting, cable, data, IPCable, modem ETSI 650 Route d
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6、 European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2003. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTMand the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Tra
7、de Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI ETSI ES 201 488-2 V1.2.2 (2003-10) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights15 Foreword.15 1 Scope 16 1.1 General scope .16 1.2 Requirements17 1.3 Background 17 1.3.1 Service goals.17 1.3.2 Referenc
8、e architecture 18 1.3.3 Categories of interface specification.19 1.3.3.1 Data Over Cable service interface documents.19 1.3.4 Statement of compatibility19 2 References 20 3 Definitions and abbreviations.22 3.1 Definitions22 3.2 Abbreviations .29 4 Functional assumptions 30 4.1 Broadband access netwo
9、rk .31 4.2 Equipment assumptions31 4.2.1 Frequency plan31 4.2.2 Compatibility with other services .31 4.2.3 Fault isolation impact on other users 31 4.2.4 Cable system terminal devices32 4.3 RF channel assumptions.32 4.3.1 Transmission downstream 32 4.3.2 Transmission upstream .33 4.3.2.1 Availabili
10、ty33 4.4 Transmission levels 33 4.5 Frequency inversion .33 5 Communication protocols 33 5.1 Protocol stack .34 5.1.1 CM and CMTS as hosts 34 5.1.2 Data forwarding through the CM and CMTS .35 5.1.2.1 General35 5.1.2.2 CMTS forwarding rules 36 5.1.2.3 CM forwarding rules.36 5.1.2.3.1 CPE MAC address
11、acquisition 36 5.1.2.3.2 Forwarding 37 5.2 The MAC forwarder.37 5.2.1 Rules for data-link-layer forwarding.38 5.3 Network layer.39 5.3.1 Requirements for IGMP management 39 5.3.1.1 IGMP timer requirements .39 5.3.1.2 CMTS rules.39 5.3.1.3 CM rules40 5.4 Above the network layer 41 5.5 Data Link Layer
12、 (DLL) 41 5.5.1 LLC sublayer 41 5.5.2 Link-layer security sublayer .41 5.5.3 MAC sublayer.42 5.5.3.1 MAC service definition.42 5.6 Physical layer .42 5.6.1 Downstream transmission convergence sublayer .42 5.6.2 PMD sublayer .42 ETSI ETSI ES 201 488-2 V1.2.2 (2003-10) 4 5.6.2.1 Interface points42 6 P
13、hysical Media Dependent sublayer specification.43 6.1 Scope43 6.2 Upstream 43 6.2.1 Overview 43 6.2.2 Modulation formats.44 6.2.2.1 Modulation rates .44 6.2.2.2 Symbol mapping .44 6.2.2.3 Spectral shaping 46 6.2.2.4 Upstream frequency agility and range.46 6.2.2.5 Spectrum format46 6.2.3 FEC encode.4
14、6 6.2.3.1 FEC encode modes46 6.2.3.2 FEC bit-to-symbol ordering 47 6.2.4 Scrambler (randomizer) 47 6.2.5 Preamble prepend .48 6.2.6 Transmit pre-equalizer48 6.2.7 Burst profiles 49 6.2.8 Burst timing convention52 6.2.9 Transmit power requirements .53 6.2.9.1 Output power agility and range.53 6.2.10
15、Fidelity requirements 54 6.2.10.1 Spurious emissions54 6.2.10.1.1 Adjacent channel spurious emissions 55 6.2.10.1.2 Spurious emissions in 5 MHz to 42 MHz55 6.2.10.2 Spurious emissions during burst On/Off transients.55 6.2.10.3 Symbol Error Rate (SER)56 6.2.10.4 Filter distortion56 6.2.10.4.1 Amplitu
16、de56 6.2.10.4.2 Phase56 6.2.10.5 Carrier phase noise56 6.2.10.6 Channel frequency accuracy .56 6.2.10.7 Symbol rate accuracy 56 6.2.10.8 Symbol timing jitter 57 6.2.11 Frame structure .57 6.2.11.1 Codeword length .57 6.2.11.1.1 Fixed codeword length 57 6.2.11.1.2 Shortened last codeword58 6.2.12 Sig
17、nal processing requirements 58 6.2.13 Upstream demodulator input power characteristics59 6.2.14 Upstream electrical output from the CM 59 6.3 Downstream .60 6.3.1 Downstream protocol60 6.3.2 Scalable interleaving to support low latency 60 6.3.3 Downstream frequency plan .60 6.3.4 CMTS output electri
18、cal.60 6.3.5 Downstream electrical input to CM61 6.3.6 CM BER performance 62 6.3.6.1 64QAM .62 6.3.6.1.1 64QAM CM BER performance.62 6.3.6.1.2 64QAM image rejection performance .62 6.3.6.1.3 64QAM adjacent channel performance .62 6.3.6.2 256QAM .62 6.3.6.2.1 256QAM CM BER performance.62 6.3.6.2.2 25
19、6QAM image rejection performance .62 6.3.6.2.3 256QAM adjacent channel performance .63 6.3.7 CMTS timestamp jitter .63 7 Downstream transmission convergence sublayer.64 7.1 Introduction 64 7.2 MPEG packet format64 ETSI ETSI ES 201 488-2 V1.2.2 (2003-10) 5 7.3 MPEG header for DOCS Data Over Cable 64
20、7.4 MPEG payload for DOCS Data Over Cable 65 7.5 Interaction with the MAC sublayer 65 7.6 Interaction with the physical Layer 66 7.7 MPEG header synchronization and recovery .66 8 Media Access Control (MAC) specification 67 8.1 Introduction 67 8.1.1 Overview 67 8.1.2 Definitions 67 8.1.2.1 MAC-subla
21、yer domain67 8.1.2.2 MAC Service Access Point (MSAP) 67 8.1.2.3 Service flows.67 8.1.2.4 Upstream intervals, mini-slots and 6,25-s increments 68 8.1.2.5 Frame 68 8.1.3 Future use .68 8.2 MAC frame formats .68 8.2.1 Generic MAC frame format68 8.2.1.1 PMD overhead 69 8.2.1.2 MAC frame transport 69 8.2
22、.1.3 Ordering of bits and octets 70 8.2.1.3.1 Representing negative numbers.70 8.2.1.3.2 Type/Length/Value fields70 8.2.1.4 MAC header format 70 8.2.1.5 Data PDU 72 8.2.2 Packet-based MAC frames .72 8.2.2.1 Variable-length packets.72 8.2.3 ATM Cell MAC Frames .73 8.2.4 Reserved PDU MAC Frames73 8.2.
23、5 MAC-specific headers 74 8.2.5.1 Timing header .74 8.2.5.2 MAC management header.75 8.2.5.3 Request frame .75 8.2.5.4 Fragmentation header76 8.2.5.5 Concatenation header77 8.2.6 Extended MAC headers 78 8.2.6.1 Piggyback requests79 8.2.6.2 Fragmentation extended header 79 8.2.6.3 Service flow extend
24、ed header .80 8.2.6.3.1 Payload Header Suppression (PHS) header.80 8.2.6.3.2 Unsolicited grant synchronization header81 8.2.7 Fragmented MAC frames .81 8.2.7.1 Considerations for concatenated packets and fragmentation 83 8.2.8 Error-handling.83 8.2.8.1 Error recovery during fragmentation.83 8.2.8.2
25、Error codes and messages .84 8.3 MAC management messages .84 8.3.1 MAC management message header84 8.3.2 Time Synchronization (SYNC).86 8.3.3 Upstream Channel Descriptor (UCD).87 8.3.3.1 Example of UCD encoded TLV data 90 8.3.4 Upstream bandwidth allocation Map (MAP)90 8.3.5 Ranging - Request (RNG-R
26、EQ) .92 8.3.6 Ranging - Response (RNG-RSP)93 8.3.6.1 Encodings94 8.3.6.2 Example of TLV data96 8.3.6.3 Overriding channels prior to registration 96 8.3.7 Registration - Request (REG-REQ)96 8.3.8 Registration - Response (REG-RSP) 98 8.3.8.1 Encodings100 8.3.8.1.1 Modem capabilities .100 8.3.8.1.2 DOC
27、S 1.0 service class data100 ETSI ETSI ES 201 488-2 V1.2.2 (2003-10) 6 8.3.9 Registration - Acknowledge (REG-ACK) 100 8.3.10 Upstream Channel Change - Request (UCC-REQ) 102 8.3.10.1 Encodings102 8.3.10.1.1 Ranging technique .102 8.3.11 Upstream Channel Change - Response (UCC-RSP).103 8.3.12 Dynamic S
28、ervice Addition - Request (DSA-REQ).103 8.3.12.1 CM-initiated Dynamic Service Addition 104 8.3.12.2 CMTS-initiated Dynamic Service Addition104 8.3.13 Dynamic Service Addition - Response (DSA-RSP) .105 8.3.13.1 CM-initiated Dynamic Service Addition 106 8.3.13.2 CMTS-initiated Dynamic Service Addition
29、106 8.3.14 Dynamic Service Addition - Acknowledge (DSA-ACK).106 8.3.15 Dynamic Service Change - Request (DSC-REQ).107 8.3.16 Dynamic Service Change - Response (DSC-RSP) .109 8.3.17 Dynamic Service Change - Acknowledge (DSC-ACK) .110 8.3.18 Dynamic Service Deletion - Request (DSD-REQ) .111 8.3.19 Dyn
30、amic Service Deletion - Response (DSD-RSP)112 8.3.20 Dynamic Channel Change - Request (DCC-REQ) .113 8.3.20.1 Encodings114 8.3.20.1.1 Upstream Channel ID 114 8.3.20.1.2 Downstream parameters 114 8.3.20.1.3 Initialization technique 116 8.3.20.1.4 UCD substitution.117 8.3.20.1.5 Security Association I
31、Dentifier (SAID) substitution.117 8.3.20.1.6 Service flow substitutions117 8.3.20.1.7 CMTS MAC address .118 8.3.21 Dynamic Channel Change - Response (DCC-RSP)119 8.3.21.1 Encodings119 8.3.21.1.1 CM jump time .120 8.3.22 Dynamic Channel Change - Acknowledge (DCC-ACK) .120 8.3.23 Device Class Identifi
32、cation - Request (DCI-REQ) .121 8.3.24 Device Class Identification - Response (DCI-RSP)122 8.3.25 UPstream transmitter DISable (UP-DIS) MAC management message 123 9 Media Access Control (MAC) protocol operation .124 9.1 Upstream bandwidth allocation124 9.1.1 Allocation MAP MAC management message 125
33、 9.1.2 Information Elements (IE) 125 9.1.2.1 Request IE.125 9.1.2.2 Request/Data IE 125 9.1.2.3 Initial maintenance IE .126 9.1.2.4 Station maintenance IE .126 9.1.2.5 Short and long data grant IEs 126 9.1.2.6 Data acknowledge IE 126 9.1.2.7 Expansion IE.126 9.1.2.8 Null IE.126 9.1.3 Requests126 9.1
34、.4 Information Element feature usage summary .127 9.1.5 Map transmission and timing128 9.1.6 Protocol example 128 9.2 Support for multiple channels 129 9.3 Timing and synchronization.130 9.3.1 Global timing reference 130 9.3.2 CM channel acquisition 130 9.3.3 Ranging.130 9.3.4 Timing units and relat
35、ionships131 9.4 Upstream transmission and contention resolution132 9.4.1 Contention resolution overview132 9.4.2 Transmit opportunities133 9.4.3 M bandwidth utilization133 9.5 Data link encryption support 134 9.5.1 MAC messages .134 ETSI ETSI ES 201 488-2 V1.2.2 (2003-10) 7 9.5.2 Framing.134 10 Qual
36、ity of Service and fragmentation 134 10.1 Theory of operation134 10.1.1 Concepts .135 10.1.1.1 Service Flows135 10.1.1.2 Classifiers137 10.1.2 Object model.139 10.1.3 Service classes 140 10.1.4 Authorization 141 10.1.5 Types of service flows 142 10.1.5.1 Provisioned service flows .142 10.1.5.2 Admit
37、ted service flows .142 10.1.5.3 Active service flows143 10.1.6 Service flows and classifiers.143 10.1.6.1 Policy-based classification and service classes .144 10.1.7 General operation144 10.1.7.1 Static operation .144 10.1.7.2 Dynamic service flow creation - CM initiated 146 10.1.7.3 Dynamic service
38、 flow creation - CMTS initiated147 10.1.7.4 Dynamic service flow modification and deletion147 10.2 Upstream service flow scheduling services148 10.2.1 Unsolicited Grant Service (UGS) .148 10.2.2 Real-time Polling Service (rtPS).148 10.2.3 Unsolicited Grant Service with Activity Detection (UGS/AD) 14
39、9 10.2.4 Non-real-time Polling Service (nrtPS)150 10.2.5 Best Effort service 150 10.2.6 Other services .150 10.2.6.1 Committed Information Rate (CIR) 150 10.2.7 Parameter applicability for upstream service scheduling150 10.2.8 CM transmit behaviour .151 10.3 Fragmentation.151 10.3.1 CM fragmentation
40、 support151 10.3.1.1 Fragmentation rules.151 10.3.2 CMTS fragmentation support .154 10.3.2.1 Multiple grant mode154 10.3.2.2 Piggyback mode154 10.3.3 Fragmentation example.155 10.3.3.1 Single packet fragmentation155 10.3.3.2 Concatenated packet fragmentation 157 10.4 Payload Header Suppression (PHS)
41、 .158 10.4.1 Overview 158 10.4.2 Example applications159 10.4.3 Operation 159 10.4.4 Signalling161 10.4.5 Payload Header Suppression examples.162 10.4.5.1 Upstream example.162 10.4.5.2 Downstream example163 11 Cable Modem - CMTS interaction.163 11.1 CMTS initialization163 11.2 Cable Modem Initializa
42、tion164 11.2.1 Scanning and synchronization to downstream166 11.2.2 Obtain upstream parameters .167 11.2.3 Message Flows during scanning and upstream parameter acquisition169 11.2.4 Ranging and automatic adjustments .169 11.2.4.1 Ranging parameter adjustment173 11.2.5 Device class identification 174
43、 11.2.6 Establish IP connectivity 174 11.2.7 Establish time of day.174 11.2.8 Transfer operational parameters .175 11.2.9 Registration.175 ETSI ETSI ES 201 488-2 V1.2.2 (2003-10) 8 11.2.10 Baseline privacy initialization.180 11.2.11 Service IDs during CM initialization180 11.2.12 Multiple-channel su
44、pport181 11.3 Standard operation181 11.3.1 Periodic signal level adjustment .181 11.3.2 Changing upstream burst parameters183 11.3.3 Changing upstream channels 183 11.4 Dynamic service.185 11.4.1 Dynamic service flow state transitions .186 11.4.2 Dynamic Service Addition (DSA) 195 11.4.2.1 CM initia
45、ted Dynamic Service Addition.195 11.4.2.2 CMTS initiated Dynamic Service Addition 196 11.4.2.3 Dynamic Service Addition state transition diagrams 197 11.4.3 Dynamic Service Change (DSC) 205 11.4.3.1 CM-initiated Dynamic Service Change 205 11.4.3.2 CMTS-initiated Dynamic Service Change206 11.4.3.3 Dy
46、namic Service Change state transition diagrams 207 11.4.4 Dynamic Service Deletion (DSD) 215 11.4.4.1 CM initiated Dynamic Service Deletion .215 11.4.4.2 CMTS initiated Dynamic Service Deletion.215 11.4.4.3 Dynamic Service Deletion state transition diagrams.216 11.4.5 Dynamically changing downstream
47、 and/or upstream channels 220 11.4.5.1 DCC general operation220 11.4.5.1.1 Derivation of T15 timer.221 11.4.5.2 DCC exception conditions 222 11.4.5.3 DCC performance .223 11.4.5.4 Near-seamless channel change224 11.4.5.5 Example operation 226 11.4.5.5.1 Example signalling 226 11.4.5.5.2 Example timi
48、ng .236 11.5 Fault detection and recovery 237 11.5.1 Prevention of unauthorized transmissions 238 12 Supporting future new cable modem capabilities 238 12.1 Downloading cable modem operating software .238 Annex A (normative): Well-known addresses .240 A.1 MAC addresses 240 A.2 MAC service IDs240 A.2
49、.1 All CMs and no CM service IDs 240 A.2.2 Well-known “Multicast“ service IDs240 A.2.3 Priority request service IDs 241 A.3 MPEG PID .241 Annex B (normative): Parameters and constants242 Annex C (normative): Common Radio Frequency interface encodings244 C.1 Encodings for configuration and MAC-layer messaging.244 C.1.1 Configuration file and registration settings 244 C.1.1.1 Downstream frequency configuration setting .244 C.1.1.2 Upstream channel ID configuration setting 244 C.1.1.3 Network access control object 244 C.1.1.4 DOCS 1.0 Class of service configuration setting245 C.1.1
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