1、 ETSI TR 100 035 V2.1.2 (2004-02)Technical Report Environmental Engineering (EE);Environmental engineering;Guidance and terminologyETSI ETSI TR 100 035 V2.1.2 (2004-02) 2 Reference RTR/EE-010312 Keywords environment, vocabulary ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.
2、: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made a
3、vailable in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept o
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5、d errors in the present document, send your comment to: editoretsi.org Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2004. A
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7、s and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI ETSI TR 100 035 V2.1.2 (2004-02) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights5 Foreword.5 1 Scope 7 2 References 7 3 Environmental engineering 7 3.1 Purpose.7 3.2 Economic and technical aspects .7 3.3 Outline of the test requirements .9 4 Environmental desc
8、ription .10 4.1 General .10 4.2 Purpose of classification.10 4.3 Classes10 4.4 Parameters 11 4.5 Severities 11 4.6 Limitations and considerations.13 4.6.1 Application .14 4.6.2 Simultaneous occurrence 14 5 Equipment properties .14 5.1 Resistibility and performance.14 5.2 Failure consequences15 5.3 E
9、mission.16 5.4 Protection .16 6 Environmental testing.17 6.1 Purpose and philosophy17 6.2 Transformation from class to test .18 6.2.1 Stress - strength.19 6.2.2 Failure consequences and performance 20 6.3 Test methods 22 6.4 Environmental resistibility test.22 6.4.1 Purpose and limitations.22 6.4.2
10、Test sequence22 6.4.3 Environmental test programme.23 6.5 Testing related to operational life.24 6.5.1 General24 6.5.2 Reliability .25 6.5.3 Endurability 25 7 Terminology.26 7.1 Environmental description26 7.1.1 Environment, environmental conditions .26 7.1.2 Environmental parameters 26 7.1.2.1 Deta
11、il parameters 26 7.1.3 Severity.27 7.1.3.1 Characteristic severity.27 7.1.4 Environmental class27 7.1.5 Requirements on the environment 27 7.1.6 Environmental protection .27 7.2 Application.27 7.2.1 In-use 27 7.2.1.1 Stationary use27 7.2.1.2 Portable and non-stationary use 28 7.2.1.3 Mobile use.28 7
12、.2.2 Not-in-use .28 ETSI ETSI TR 100 035 V2.1.2 (2004-02) 4 7.2.2.1 Transport conditions28 7.2.2.2 Storage conditions.28 7.2.2.3 Storage 28 7.2.2.4 Weatherprotected location 28 7.2.2.5 Non weatherprotected location28 7.3 Performance requirements28 7.3.1 Normal performance .28 7.3.2 Reduced performan
13、ce .28 7.3.2.1 Primary functions29 7.3.2.2 Secondary functions29 7.3.2.3 Intermittent function29 7.3.2.4 Cessation of function.29 7.3.3 Resistibility requirements .29 7.3.3.1 Environmental resistibility 29 7.3.3.2 Performance requirements 29 7.3.4 Failure consequences 29 7.3.4.1 Minor failure conseq
14、uences 30 7.3.4.2 Moderate failure consequences .30 7.3.4.3 Severe failure consequences30 7.3.5 Emission requirements30 7.4 Testing30 7.4.1 Environmental testing.30 7.4.2 Environmental test programme.31 7.4.3 Environmental test specification.31 7.4.4 Standard atmospheric conditions for testing.31 7.
15、4.5 Type test .31 7.5 Environmental specification.31 Annex A: Alphabetic index .32 History 34 ETSI ETSI TR 100 035 V2.1.2 (2004-02) 5 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essen
16、tial IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates
17、 are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ET
18、SI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Environmental Engineering (EE). The present document forms a general introduction to a multi-part European Standard (EN), concerned
19、 with environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment. The present document gives the user the background to the main concepts of environmental engineering, the purpose and use of environmental classes and the corresponding tests philosophy. The present document is
20、based on IECs philosophy, but unifies and extends IECs concepts. The complementary standard is divided into two main parts, each with a number of sub-parts: EN 300 019-1 4 series: “Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Classification of environmental cond
21、itions“. This part of the standard specifies different standardized environmental classes covering climatic and biological conditions, chemically and mechanically active substances and mechanical conditions during storage and transportation, and in use. There are nine sub-parts: EN 300 019-1-0 givin
22、g a general introduction and EN 300 019-1-1 to 300 019-1-8 inclusive, covering the different classes. EN 300 019-1-0: “Classification of environmental conditions; Introduction“; EN 300 019-1-1: “Classification of environmental conditions; Storage“; EN 300 019-1-2: “Classification of environmental co
23、nditions; Transportation“; EN 300 019-1-3: “Classification of environmental conditions; Stationary use at weatherprotected locations“; EN 300 019-1-4: “Classification of environmental conditions; Stationary use at non-weatherprotected locations“; EN 300 019-1-5: “Classification of environmental cond
24、itions; Ground vehicle installations“; EN 300 019-1-6: “Classification of environmental conditions; Ship environments“; EN 300 019-1-7: “Classification of environmental conditions; Portable and non-stationary use“; EN 300 019-1-8: “Classification of environmental conditions; Stationary use at underg
25、round locations“. EN 300 019-2 5 series: “Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Specification of environmental tests“. This part of the standard specifies the test requirements for the environmental classes. It is divided into nine sub-parts corresponding
26、 with those in part 1 of the standard. EN 300 019-2-0: “Specification of environmental tests; Introduction“; EN 300 019-2-1: “Specification of environmental tests; Storage“; ETSI ETSI TR 100 035 V2.1.2 (2004-02) 6 EN 300 019-2-2: “Specification of environmental tests; Transportation“; EN 300 019-2-3
27、: “Specification of environmental tests; Stationary use at weatherprotected locations“; EN 300 019-2-4: “Specification of environmental tests; Stationary use at non-weatherprotected locations“; EN 300 019-2-5: “Specification of environmental tests; Ground vehicle installations“; EN 300 019-2-6: “Spe
28、cification of environmental tests; Ship environments“; EN 300 019-2-7: “Specification of environmental tests; Portable and non-stationary use“; EN 300 019-2-8: “Specification of environmental tests; Stationary use at underground locations“; ETSI ETSI TR 100 035 V2.1.2 (2004-02) 7 1 Scope The present
29、 document has the aim of giving the user the following information: an explanation of the main environmental concepts and terminology with examples; the purpose and use of environmental classes; the testing philosophy relating to environmental classes and equipment characteristics; the principles un
30、derlying environmental specifications. 2 References For the purposes of this Technical Report (TR) the following references apply: 1 IEC 60721 (all parts): “Classification of environmental conditions“. 2 IEC 60068 (all parts): “Environmental testing procedures“. 3 IEC 60605-3 (all sub-parts): “Equip
31、ment reliability testing: Part 3: Preferred test conditions“. 4 ETSI EN 300 019-1 (Parts 1-0 to 1-8): “Environmental Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Classification of environmental conditions“. 5 ETSI EN 300 019-2 (Parts 2-0 to 2-8
32、): “Environmental Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Specification of environmental tests“. 3 Environmental engineering 3.1 Purpose The purpose of environmental engineering is to make the equipment and the environment mutually compati
33、ble. This means that in some instances the equipment has to be modified and/or protected to resist a given environment or, alternatively, the environment itself shall be conditioned to match the equipment. The matching of the equipment to its environment and its effect on the environment needs to be
34、 carefully evaluated. Finally, testing reveals whether the equipment and the environment successfully match. 3.2 Economic and technical aspects Environmental requirements have a number of economic and technical consequences. These include: the equipment specification; the equipment design; the choic
35、e of materials; the testing procedure and protection, where applicable; the operational conditions and application. ETSI ETSI TR 100 035 V2.1.2 (2004-02) 8 The environmental requirements relating to equipment specification and design must be considered and stated in an early phase of a project. If t
36、his is not done, significant economic and technical difficulties may occur during the later phases of the project. An “overspecification“, which results in “overdesign“, is costly, complex and may not lead necessarily to a more reliable product. To make the requirements for the environmental conditi
37、ons at the equipment location too stringent may also be costly and complex. The introduction of protection, whether in the equipment or on the environment, always requires an economic evaluation. This protection shall always be taken into account in any test specification. Thorough testing is both c
38、ostly and time consuming. Hence selecting the relevant and cheapest test procedures for the equipment is most important. Good environmental engineering practice seeks to balance the above costs against the costs of environmentally induced failures. Such costs arise from: elimination of the failure;
39、possible redesign; operational losses; possible compensations. The process involves both technical and economic optimization in relation to the selected environment. ETSI ETSI TR 100 035 V2.1.2 (2004-02) 9 3.3 Outline of the test requirements Figure 1 shows a total, but simplified, procedure for pre
40、paring an environmental resistibility test based on environmental data. Some main elements of the procedure are described in the following clauses with the emphasis on environmental classes, transformation and the resulting test specification, while taking into account the performance requirements o
41、f the equipment. RESISTIBILITY REQUIREMENTS ACCORDING TO EN VIRONMENTAL CLASSES TRANSFORMATION ENVIRONMENTAL PROGNOSIS DESCRIPTION (clause 4.1) CLASSIFICATION (clauses 4.2 to 4.5) TRANSLATION (clause 6.2) FROM ENVIRONMENTAL CLASS TO TESTING SPECIFICATION (clauses 6.1 and 6.3) SPECIFICATION AND TESTI
42、NG (clause 6.4) NATURE PROTECTION EXTERNAL CONDITIONS ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS WITH CHARACTERISTIC SEVERITIES MODELS PHILOSOPHY FAILURE CONSEQUENCES EXPERIENCE PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS TEST SEQUENCES TEST METHODS ENVIRONMENTAL DATA GROUPING IN ENVIRONMENTAL CLASSES ENVIRONMENTAL TEST SPECIFICATION D
43、EFINITIONS OF APPLICATIONS Figure 1: Outline for the preparation of the test specification ETSI ETSI TR 100 035 V2.1.2 (2004-02) 104 Environmental description 4.1 General In this context environmental conditions are limited to the physical and chemical conditions to which equipment is subjected at a
44、 certain time for (more or less) well-defined locations and applications. Physical and chemical conditions should be considered in a very broad sense. They cover not only the two main areas - climatic and mechanical conditions - but also borderline and transitional areas, e.g. biological and chemica
45、l conditions as well. The environmental conditions comprise those conditions appearing in nature as well as “artificial“ conditions. The “artificial“ conditions may be of a favourable nature, e.g. a house being heated during the winter, but they may also be of an unfavourable nature, e.g. thermal in
46、fluence from the equipment itself or from other equipment. Typical environmental conditions usually have simple names, such as “outdoors“, “in a car“. However, such “typical“ conditions involve numerous environmental factors (parameters) apparently varying at random in strength (severity) and having
47、 complex interactions. These factors determine the actual influence of the environment on the relevant equipment. As a result, only those parameters having a significant effect on the equipment are considered. 4.2 Purpose of classification The main purpose of environmental classes is to establish a
48、number of “standardized“ and operational frames of reference for a wide range of applications of (telecommunications) equipment. These classes cover use, transportation, etc. in typical environmental conditions. The classification system arose out of the difficulty of describing environmental condit
49、ions in detail and the even greater difficulty of applying the results in practice. Until recently the only tools were some specific tests covering a few environmental effects. The introduction of the concept of environmental classes provides a more powerful approach. The environmental classes cover: environmental requirements prescribed for the equipment; resistibility requirements imposed on the equipment (important for the designer and for forming a basis for testing); emission requirements imposed on the equipment which, in c
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