1、ETSI TR I O1 496-2 v1.1.2 (2001-05) Technical Report Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB); Guidelines and rules for implementation and operation; Part 2: System features 2 ETSI TR 101 496-2 V1.1.2 (2001-05) Reference RTWJTC-DAB-8-2Rl Keywords audio, broadcast, broadcasting, DAB, digital ETSI 650 Route d
2、es Lucioles F-O6921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 O0 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret No 348 623 562 O0017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-prfecture de Grasse (06) No 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded f
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5、le at If you find errors in the present document, send your comment to: ed itoretsi .fr Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. O European Telecommunications Standard
6、s Institute 2001. O European Broadcasting Union 2001. All rights reserved. ETSI 3 ETSI TR 101 496-2 V1.1.2 (2001-05) Contents Intellectual Property Rights 19 Foreword 19 1 Scope 20 2 References 20 2a Definitions. symbols and abbreviations . 21 2a . 1 Definitions 21 2a.2 Symbols 24 2a.3 Abbreviations
7、 24 3 Implementation and operation of system features 25 3.1 Introduction . 25 3.2 Data transport mechanisms 26 3.2.1 3.2.1.1 3.2.1.1.1 3.2.1.1.2 3.2.1.1.3 3.2.1.1.4 3.2.1.1.5 3.2.1.2 3.2.1.2.1 3.2.1.2.2 3.2.1.3 3.2.1.4 3.2.1.4.1 3.2.1.4.2 3.2.1.4.3 3.2.2 3.2.2.1 3.2.2.1.1 3.2.2.1.2 3.2.2.1.3 3.2.2.
8、1.4 3.2.2.2 3.2.2.2.1 3.2.2.2.2 3.2.2.3 3.2.2.3.1 3.2.2.3.2 3.2.2.4 3.2.2.4.1 3.2.3 3.2.3.1 3.2.3.2 3.2.3.3 3.2.3.4 3.2.3.4.1 3.2.3.4.2 3.2.3.4.3 3.2.3.5 3.2.3.5.1 3.2.3.5.2 3.2.3.6 3.2.3.6.1 3.2.3.6.2 Fast Information Channel (FIC) 26 Introduction 26 Purpose of the feature 26 End user 26 Provider 2
9、7 Other parties involved . 27 Description 27 Mandatory requirements . 29 For broadcasting 29 For receiving . 29 Operational aspects of broadcasting 30 Functional Minimum Requirements . 30 Optional requirements . 30 Receivers Implementation Aspects 30 Vital interaction between Service provider and Mu
10、ltiplex Operator 30 Stream mode 31 Introduction 31 Purpose . 31 End user 32 Provider 32 Description 32 For broadcasting 32 For receiving . 32 Mandatory requirements . 32 Operational aspects of broadcasting 32 Functional minimum requirements . 32 Recommendations on contents and real-time aspects 32 R
11、eceiver implementation aspects 33 Functional minimum requirements . 33 Packet mode 33 Purpose 33 End user . 33 Provider 33 Description . 33 Data Sub-channel Organization . 33 MSC Data Groups . 35 Session header . 37 Mandatory Requirements 37 For broadcasting 37 For receiving . 37 Operational aspects
12、 of broadcasting 37 Functional minimum requirements . 37 Recommendations on contents and real-time aspects 38 ETSI 4 ETSI TR 101 496-2 V1.1.2 (2001-05) 3.2.3.6.3 3.2.3.7 3.2.3.7.1 3.2.3.7.2 3.2.4 3.2.4.1 3.2.4.2 3.2.4.2.1 3.2.4.2.2 3.2.4.2.3 3.2.4.2.4 3.2.4.2.5 3.3 3.3.1 3.3.1.1 3.3.1.2 3.3.1.3 3.3.
13、1.4 3.3.1.5 3.3.1.6 3.3.1.6.1 3.3.1.6.2 3.3.1.6.3 3.3.1.7 3.3.1.7.1 3.3.1.7.2 3.3.1.8 3.3.1.8.1 3.3.1.8.2 3.3.1.8.3 3.3.1.8.4 3.3.1.8.5 3.3.1.8.6 3.3.1.8.7 3.3.1.9 3.3.1.9.1 3.3.1.9.2 3.3.1.9.3 3.3.1.9.4 3.3.1.9.5 3.3.2 3.3.2.1 3.3.2.2 3.3.2.3 3.3.2.4 3.3.2.5 3.3.2.6 3.3.2.6.1 3.3.2.7 3.3.2.8 3.3.3
14、3.3.3.1 3.3.3.2 3.3.3.3 3.3.3.4 3.3.3.4.1 3.3.3.4.2 3.3.3.4.3 3.3.3.4.4 3.3.3.5 3.3.3.6 3.3.3.6.1 Interrelation with other features . 38 Receiver implementation aspects 38 Functional minimum requirements . 38 Recommendations on implementation and presentation 39 Basic transport mechanism in the F-PA
15、D channel . 40 Basic Transport Mechanism in the X-PAD 41 The X-PAD field descriptors . 42 Further Considerations 47 Rules for the management of the applications in the X-PAD 48 Hints for the calculation of the size of X-PAD fields with a “Variable size“ structure 49 Multiplex Configuration Informati
16、on (MCI) 49 Service and Ensemble identification Essential, orpotentially Essential, IPRs notjed to ETSI in respect OfETSIstandards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (htt:/!wvw.etsi ordj r). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investig
17、ation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR O00 3 14 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (
18、TR) has been produced by Joint Technical Committee (JTC) Broadcast of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), Comit Europen de Normalisation ELECtrotechnique (CENELEC) and the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). NOTE 1: The EBU/ETSI JTC Broadcast was established in 1990 to Co-ordi
19、nate the drafting of standards in the specific field of broadcasting and related fields. Since 1995 the JTC Broadcast became a tripartite body by including in the Memorandum of Understanding also CENELEC, which is responsible for the standardization of radio and television receivers. The EBU is a pr
20、ofessional association of broadcasting organizations whose work includes the Co-ordination of its members activities in the technical, legal, programme-making and programme-exchange domains. The EBU has active members in about 60 countries in the European broadcasting area; its headquarters is in Ge
21、neva. European Broadcasting Union CH-I218 GRAND SACONNEX (Geneva) Switzerland Tel: +41 22 717 21 11 Fax: +41 22 717 24 81 The Eureka Project 147 was established in 1987, with funding from the European Commission, to develop a system for the broadcasting of audio and data to fixed, portable or mobile
22、 receivers. Their work resulted in the publication of European Standard, EN 300 401 i, for DAB (see note 2) which now has worldwide acceptance. The members of the Eureka Project 147 are drawn from broadcasting organizations and telecommunication providers together with companies from the professiona
23、l and consumer electronics industry. NOTE 2: DAB is a registered trademark owned by one of the Eureka Project 147 partners. The present document is part 2 of a multi-part deliverable covering Guidelines and rules for implementation and operation for Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB), as identified be
24、low: Part 1 : “System outline“; Part 2: “System features“; Part 3: “Broadcast network“. ETSI 20 ETSI TR 101 496-2 V1.1.2 (2001-05) 1 Scope The present document is Part 2 of the Guidelines and Rules of Implementation and Operation for the Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) system. It gives a detailed d
25、escription of the system features which have been introduced in TR 101 496-1 13. The guidelines have been developed by the Eureka Project 147 as the major companion document to the DAB system specification given in EN 300 401 i. They are intended to provide additional information to aid interpretati
26、on of the on-air signal and to assist broadcasters and manufacturers to implement systems using the specification features as intended. TR 101 496-3 17 focuses on the DAB broadcast network. 2 Re fe re nces For the purposes of this Technical Report (TR), the following references apply: il ETSI EN 300
27、 401 (V1.3.2): “Radio Broadcasting Systems; Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) to mobile, portable and fixed receivers“. Pl ITU-R Recommendation BS.774-2: “Service requirements for digital sound broadcasting to vehicular, portable and fixed receivers using terrestrial transmitters in the VHF/UHF bands
28、“. ITU-R Recommendation B0.789-2: “Service for digital sound broadcasting to vehicular, portable and fixed receivers for broadcasting-satellite service (sound) in the frequency range 31 1 4000 - 2 700 MHz“. 91 ITU-R Recommendation BS. 1 1 14- 1: “System for terrestrial digital sound broadcasting to
29、vehicular, portable and fixed receivers in the frequency range 30-3 O00 MHz“. ITU-R Recommendation BO. 1 130-2: “System selection for digital sound broadcasting to vehicular, portable and fixed receivers for broadcasting-service satellite (sound) bands in the frequency range 1 400 - 2 700 MHz“. ISO/
30、IEC 11 172-3 (1993): “Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s - Part 3: Audio“. ISO/IEC JTC-1-SC29-WG11 MPEG 91-101 (1991): “The SR Report on The MPEG/Audio Listening Tests“ - Stockholm. EN IS0 14819-1: “Traffic and Traveller Information (TT
31、I) - TTI messages via Traffic Message Coding - Part 1: Coding protocol for Radio Data System - Traffic Message Channel (RDS-TMC) using ALERT-C“. ETSI ETS 300 174 (1992): “Network Aspects (NA); Digital coding of component television signals for contribution quality applications in the range 34 - 45 M
32、bit/s“. EN 50094 (1 992): “Access control system for the MAC/packet family: EUROCRYPT“. Norwegian Telecom, Issue 2 (20th July 1989): “NR-MSK Access Control System“. ISO/IEC 13 8 18-3 (1 998): “Information technology - Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information - Part 3: Audio
33、“. ETSI TR 1 O 1 496- 1 : “Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB); Guidelines and rules for implementation and operation; Part 1 : System outline“. ETSI EN 301 234 (V1.2.1):“Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB); Multimedia Object Transfer (MOT) protocol“. prENV IS0 18234-3: “Traffic and Traveller Information
34、(TTI) - TTI via Transport Protocol Experts Group (TPEG) data streams - Part 3: Service and Network Information (SNI) Application“. ETSI 21 ETSI TR 101 496-2 V1.1.2 (2001-05) ETSI TS 101 498 (Vl.l.1): “Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB), Broadcast Web Site Application“. ETSI TR 101 496-3: “Digital Audi
35、o Broadcasting (DAB); Guidelines and rules for implementation and operation; Part 3: Broadcast network“. ETSI TS 101 757 (Vl.l.1): “Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) Conformance testing for DAB Audio“. ETSI EN 30 1 700: (Vi. 1.1): “Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB); VHF/FM Broadcasting: cross- referen
36、cing to simulcast DAB services by RDS-ODA 147“. ETSI TS 101 756: (Vi. 1.1): “Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB); Registered tables“. J. Hallier, T. Lauterbach the smallest part of the audio bit stream which is decodable on its own audio mode: audio coding system provides single channel, dual channel,
37、stereo and joint stereo audio modes In each mode, the complete audio signal is encoded as one audio bit stream. Auxiliary Information Channel (AIC): all or part of sub-channel 63, used to carry information redirected from the Fast Information Channel ETSI 22 ETSI TR 101 496-2 V1.1.2 (2001-05) Capaci
38、ty Unit (Cu): smallest addressable unit (64 bits) of the Common Interleaved Frame (CIF) change event indication (CEI): set of FIG fields with particular values to indicate a change of database content for certain service information features Common Interleaved Frame (CIF): serial digital output from
39、 the main service multiplexer which is contained in the Main Service Channel part of the transmission frame It is common to all transmission modes and contains 55 296 bits (i.e. 864 CUs). Conditional Access (CA): mechanism by which the user access to service components can be restricted convolutiona
40、l coding: coding procedure which generates redundancy in the transmitted data stream in order to provide ruggedness against transmission distortions DAB audio frame: The same as audio frame, but includes all specific DAB audio-related information. DAB transmission signal: transmitted radio frequency
41、 signal data service: service which comprises a non-audio primary service component and optionally additional secondary service components ensemble: transmitted signal, comprising a set of regularly and closely-spaced orthogonal carriers The ensemble is the entity which is received and processed. In
42、 general, it contains programme and data services. Entitlement Checking Messages (ECM): messages containing information about the conditions required for accessing service components, which are intended for restricted access, and for descrambling the data Entitlement Management Messages (EMM): messa
43、ges containing information about the conditions required for accessing service components which are intended for restricted access and for descrambling the data Equal Error Protection (EEP): error protection procedure which ensure a constant protection of the bit stream Extended Programme Associated
44、 Data (X-PAD): extended part of the PAD carried towards the end of the DAB audio frame, immediately before the Scale Factor Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) Its length is variable. Fast Information Block (FIB): data burst of 256 bits The sequence of FIBS is carried by the Fast Information Channel. The
45、structure of the FIB is common to all transmission modes Fast Information Channel (FIC): part of the transmission frame, comprising the Fast Information Blocks, which contains the multiplex configuration information together with optional service Information and data service components Fast Informat
46、ion Data Channel (FIDC): dedicated part of the Fast Information Channel which is available for non- audio related data services, such as paging Fast Information Group (FIG): package of data used for one application in the Fast Information Channel Eight different types are available to provide a clas
47、sification of the applications. Fixed Programme Associated Data (F-PAD): fixed part of the PAD contained in the last two bytes of the DAB audio frame joint stereo mode: audio mode in which two channels forming a stereo pair (left and right) are encoded within one bit stream and for which stereophoni
48、c irrelevance or redundancy is exploited for fkther bit reduction The method used in the DAB system is Intensity stereo coding. logical frame: data burst, contributing to the contents of a sub-channel, during a time interval of 24 ms For example, data bursts at the output of an audio encoder, a Cond
49、itional Access scrambler and a convolutional encoder are referred to as logical frames. The number of bits contained in a specific logical frame depends on the stage in the encoding process and the bit rate associated with the sub-channel Main Service Channel (JMSC): channel which occupies the major part of the transmission frame and which carries all the digital audio service components, together with possible supporting and additional data service components ETSI 23 ETSI TR 101 496-2 V1.1.2 (2001-05) Multiplex Configuration Information (MCI): information defining
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