1、 ETSI TR 102 802 V1.1.1 (2010-02)Technical Report Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS);Cognitive Radio System ConceptETSI ETSI TR 102 802 V1.1.1 (2010-02) 2Reference DTR/RRS-01002 Keywords architecture, network, radio ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 9
2、4 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in
3、more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific
4、 network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http:/portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in
5、the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all medi
6、a. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2010. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTM, TIPHONTM, the TIPHON logo and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of th
7、e 3GPP Organizational Partners. LTE is a Trade Mark of ETSI currently being registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TR 102 802 V1.1.1 (2010-02) 3Contents Intellectua
8、l Property Rights 5g3Foreword . 5g3Introduction 5g31 Scope 6g32 References 6g32.1 Normative references . 6g32.2 Informative references 6g33 Definitions and abbreviations . 7g33.1 Definitions 7g33.2 Abbreviations . 8g34 Objectives and Requirements for CR Systems . 9g34.1 Objectives of the CR Systems
9、9g34.1.1 More efficient and flexible use of spectrum . 9g34.1.2 Enhancing User Experience 9g34.1.3 Optimization of the mobile operator network . 10g34.1.4 Other Objectives of CR Systems 11g34.2 Spectrum Use Scenarios for CRS . 11g34.2.1 Dedicated spectrum (licensed bands) 11g34.2.2 Shared Spectrum i
10、n bands without primary users . 12g34.2.3 Secondary usage in bands with primary users 12g34.2.4 Spectrum dedicated for CRS . 12g34.3 Technical Requirements on CR Systems 12g35 Technical Framework for Cognitive Radio System . 14g35.1 Spectrum Management Layers for Cognitive Radio Systems 14g35.2 Arch
11、itectural Approaches for Cognitive Radio Systems 15g35.3 Communication Planes in CRS Network Elements 17g35.4 Enabling Technologies for CR Systems . 18g35.4.1 Pre-cognitive radio technologies . 18g35.4.2 Software Defined Radio and Multiradio . 18g35.4.3 Reconfigurable Base Stations Management . 19g3
12、5.4.4 Spectrum Sensing . 20g35.4.5 Cognitive Pilot Channel 20g35.4.6 Cognitive Control Radio and Networking 21g35.4.7 Geolocation . 22g35.4.8 Primary Protection Database. 22g35.4.9 Distributed Decision Making 22g35.4.10 Other technical enablers 22g36 CRS Standardization in other bodies 22g36.1 IEEE
13、Standard P1900.4 22g36.2 IEEE 802 activities on TV White Spaces . 23g36.3 ITU-R studies on Cognitive radio systems . 23g37 Conclusions and Recommendations . 23g3Annex A: CRS Standardization in other bodies 24g3A.1 CRS concept in IEEE 1900.4 system . 24g3A.1.1 Introduction 24g3A.1.2 IEEE 1900.4 conte
14、xt. 24g3A.1.3 IEEE 1900.4 use cases 25g3A.1.4 CRS concept in IEEE 1900.4 . 26g3A.2 CRS Standardization in IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee . 27g3ETSI ETSI TR 102 802 V1.1.1 (2010-02) 4A.2.1 Activities to define Cognitive Radio Systems 27g3A.2.1.1 IEEE draft standard P802.22. 27g3A.2.1.2 IEEE dra
15、ft standard P802.11af . 28g3A.2.2 Activities to define components of Cognitive Radio System . 28g3A.2.2.1 IEEE standard 802.21 . 28g3A.2.2.2 IEEE draft standard P802.22.1 28g3A.2.2.3 IEEE draft standard P802.19.1 29g3A.3 ITU-R activities related to CRS . 29g3Annex B: Bibliography 30g3History 31g3ETS
16、I ETSI TR 102 802 V1.1.1 (2010-02) 5Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETS
17、I SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI I
18、PR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword Th
19、is Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS). Introduction The present document provides a feasibility study on reconfigurable radio systems which are capable to use technological elements known as Cognitive Radio. An overall and harmonize
20、d technical concept for future Cognitive Radio Systems is outlined. There are several factors driving the future evolution of radio technologies and network architectures towards more flexible and reconfigurable Cognitive Radio Systems: Increasing growth of mobile traffic in terms of subscribers, da
21、ta volumes and data rates There are more than 3 billion mobile phone users today. There are estimations (e.g. by WWRF) that by 2017 there will be 7 trillion wireless devices serving 7 billion users. To meet these expectations with the limited amount of radio spectrum, more flexible ways to exploit t
22、he radio frequencies among multiple services and radio networks are needed. Multitude of standards, Composite wireless networks and multiradio terminals Many communication applications, which originated as tightly-coupled with specific radio technologies, would benefit from decoupling the applicatio
23、n from the radio platform. At the same time network operators are building composite wireless networks to provide access to multiple services. When a multiradio terminal is having multiple applications simultaneously active, there is a need to coordinate the operations of the different radios in ord
24、er to reach the cost and energy efficient use of overall radio communications capacity. Regulators are starting to consider the extension of the possibility to allow secondary access to some frequency bands, increasing spectrum utilization In order to meet the increasing data traffic volumes regulat
25、ors have started to consider the extension of the possibility to allow wireless data devices to operate as secondary users on spectrum bands which traditionally have been dedicated to their primary users alone. In the case, this sets new requirements to future radio technologies to deal with this po
26、ssible scenario. In November 2008 the US FCC issued a report and order which adopts rules to allow unlicensed “white space“ devices to operate in the broadcast television spectrum at locations where that spectrum is not being used by licensed primary users. ETSI ETSI TR 102 802 V1.1.1 (2010-02) 61 S
27、cope The present document provides the objectives and properties for and formulates an overall and harmonized technical concept for Cognitive Radio Systems. Both infrastructure as well as infrastructure-less radio networks will be covered. The main scope of the present document is to illustrate how
28、the reconfigurability and cognition functionalities can be introduced in the future radio networks both on the terminal and network sides. Based on such system concept and requirements the identification of candidate topics for standardization at ETSI concludes this study. The feasibility study incl
29、udes also a survey of related activities in other standardization bodies. 2 References References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. Non-specific reference may b
30、e made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the following cases: - if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the purposes of the referring document; - for informative references. Referenced documents which are not found t
31、o be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. 2.1 Normative references The following referenced documents are
32、 indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Not applicable. 2.2 Informative references The following referenced documen
33、ts are not essential to the use of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. i.1 ETSI TR 102 838: “Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS); summary
34、of feasibility studies and potential standardization topics“. i.2 ETSI TR 102 680: “Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS); SDR Reference Architecture for Mobile Device“. i.3 ETSI TR 102 682: “Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS); Functional Architecture (FA) for the Management and Control of Reconfigurab
35、le Radio Systems“. i.4 ETSI TR 102 683: “Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS); Cognitive Pilot Channel (CPC)“. i.5 IEEE Std 1900.4-2009: “IEEE Standard for Architectural Building Blocks Enabling Network-Device Distributed Decision Making for Optimized Radio Resource Usage in Heterogeneous Wireless Acc
36、ess Networks“, February 27, 2009. ETSI ETSI TR 102 802 V1.1.1 (2010-02) 7i.6 Final Draft Report RSPG09-299: “Radio Spectrum Policy Group Report on Cognitive Technologies“, EU Commission DG INFSO/B4/RSPG Secretariat, Brussels, October 14, 2009. i.7 E3 Deliverable D4.5: “Final system specification for
37、 autonomous CR functions“, December 2009. i.8 E3 Deliverable D3.3: “Simulation based recommendations for DSA and self-management“, July 2009. i.9 IEEE P802.22 D2.0: “Draft Standard for Wireless Regional Area Networks Part 22: Cognitive Wireless RAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY
38、) specifications: Policies and procedures for operation in the TV Bands“, May 2009. i.10 IEEE 802.22-09/0159r10: “PAR modification for portable CPEs“, November 2009. i.11 IEEE 802.11-09/0934r8: “TVWS PAR and 5C“, November 2009. i.12 IEEE Std 802.21-2008: “IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan are
39、a networks - Part 21: Media Independent Handover Services“, January 2009. i.13 IEEE P802.22.1: “PAR, Standard to enhance harmful interference protection for low power licensed devices operating in TV Broadcast Bands“, March 2006. i.14 IEEE P802.19-09/0078r5: “TVWS Coexistence PAR“, November 2009. i.
40、15 Working Document towards Draft CPM Text on WRC-12 Agenda Item 1.19, September 2009. i.16 Cognitive radio systems in the land mobile service, Working Document towards a Preliminary Draft New Report ITU-R LMS.CRS, Annex 15 to Document 5A/305-E, June 2009. 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definit
41、ions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: cognitive radio system: radio system employing technology that allows the system to obtain knowledge of its operational and geographical environment, established policies and its internal state; to dynamically
42、and autonomously adjust its operational parameters and protocols according to its obtained knowledge in order to achieve predefined objectives; and to learn from the results obtained NOTE: This is the current definition of ITU-R Recommendation WP 1B. cognitive control network: network of nodes in di
43、fferent cognitive radio networks communicating with each other for controlling the frequency agile behaviour among the set of cognitive radio networks cognitive control channel: logical channel between nodes belonging to a same cognitive control network cognitive control radio: radio (technology) de
44、signed to carry cognitivity control information between cognitive control network nodes cognitive pilot channel: channel which conveys the elements of necessary information facilitating the operations of Cognitive Radio Systems radio technology: technology for wireless transmission and/or reception
45、of electromagnetic radiation for information transfer NOTE: Radio technology is typically designed to use certain radio frequency band(s) and it includes agreed schemes for multiple access, modulation, channel and data coding as well as control protocols for all radio layers needed to maintain logic
46、al links for user data, which run the same radio application. radio equipment: equipment using radio technology ETSI ETSI TR 102 802 V1.1.1 (2010-02) 8radio network: network of radio equipments communicating with each other by using a common radio technology NOTE: Typically a radio network has both
47、control plane and user plane with their own protocols. A radio network may also be subject to radio network management by an external network management system; in this case a third plane of protocols, management plane is used for communicating network management information. software defined radio:
48、 radio transmitter and/or receiver employing a technology that allows the RF operating parameters including, but not limited to, frequency range, modulation type, or output power to be set or altered by software, excluding changes to operating parameters which occur during the normal pre-installed a
49、nd predetermined operation of a radio according to a system specification or standard NOTE: This is the current definition of ITU-R Recommendation WP 1B. software defined multiradio: device or technology where multiple radio technologies can coexist and share their wireless transmission and/or reception capabilities, including but not limited to regulated parameters, by operating them under a common software system NOTE 1: Examples of the regulated parameters are frequency range, modulation type and output power. NOTE 2: Common software s
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