1、 ETSI TR 103 273 V1.1.1 (2016-12) Emergency Communications (EMTEL); Recommendations for public warning making use of pre-defined libraries TECHNICAL REPORT ETSI ETSI TR 103 273 V1.1.1 (2016-12) 2 Reference DTR/EMTEL-00032 Keywords broadcasting, design for all ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Soph
2、ia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice The present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org/standards-search The pr
3、esent document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any existing or perceived difference in contents between such ver
4、sions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the
5、current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at https:/portal.etsi.org/TB/ETSIDeliverableStatus.aspx If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: https:/portal.etsi.org/People/CommiteeSupportStaff.aspx Copyright Notification N
6、o part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI. The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI. The copyright and the f
7、oregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2016. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for t
8、he benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TR 103 273 V1.1.1 (2016-12) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights 5g3Foreword . 5g3Modal verbs terminology 5g31 Scope 6g32 References 6g32.
9、1 Normative references . 6g32.2 Informative references 6g33 Definitions and abbreviations . 7g33.1 Definitions 7g33.2 Abbreviations . 8g34 Public Warning Paradigm 9g34.1 General . 9g34.2 Best Practices in Public Warning . 11g34.2.0 Overview 11g34.2.1 Criteria in the Public Warning Decision Process 1
10、2g34.2.2 The Alert Message 13g34.2.2.0 Introduction . 13g34.2.2.1 Alert Message Style 13g34.2.2.2 Alert Message Content 13g34.2.2.3 Size and information quantity . 14g34.2.2.4 Use of templates for alert messages 14g34.3 Warning Message Recommendation 15g34.3.1 Conditions to Maximize Actionability Up
11、on Alert Message Reception . 15g34.3.2 Alert Message Recommendations . 16g34.4 Alerting Library Concept . 17g34.4.0 Introduction. 17g34.4.1 Alert message content . 17g34.4.2 Using alerting libraries 19g34.4.3 Updating alerting libraries 19g35 Alerting Libraries Description 19g35.1 Alerting Libraries
12、 Architecture 19g35.2 Alerting Libraries Structure 21g35.3 Alerting Libraries . 22g35.4 Support of Time Information 23g35.5 Support of Location Information 23g35.6 Support of Unique Authority Identification . 23g35.7 Common Alerting Protocol Compliance 24g35.7.1 Alerting libraries fields corresponde
13、nce with CAP fields . 24g35.7.2 Special cases . 24g36 Application of Alert Libraries 25g36.1 Alert4All Project Approach 25g36.2 Examples of message translation 27g36.2.1 CMAS approach . 27g36.2.2 Munich shooting on 22.06.2016 . 29g37 Recommendations for Alert Message Assembly Rules . 31g37.1 Introdu
14、ction 31g37.2 Principles of Alert Message Assembly . 31g37.2.0 Overview 31g37.2.1 Structure Rules 32g37.2.2 Syntax rules 32g37.2.3 Conversion rules . 32g37.3 Example Structure Rules for Text in English . 32g3ETSI ETSI TR 103 273 V1.1.1 (2016-12) 4 7.4 Example Syntax Rules for Text in English 33g37.4
15、.1 Syntax of First and Update Messages . 33g37.4.2 Syntax of Release Messages . 37g37.4.3 Syntax of Cancel Messages 37g37.5 Example Conversion Rules for Text in English . 37g38 Change Management 38g3History 40g3ETSI ETSI TR 103 273 V1.1.1 (2016-12) 5 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or po
16、tentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essenti
17、al, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (https:/ipr.etsi.org/). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can
18、 be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Special Committee Emergency Communications (EMTE
19、L). Modal verbs terminology In the present document “should“, “should not“, “may“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in
20、ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. ETSI ETSI TR 103 273 V1.1.1 (2016-12) 6 1 Scope The present document describes the rules and procedures to implement public warning making use of pre-defined libraries that enable simple and systematic multi-language and multi-mode presentation
21、of warning messages in any European country. This includes the definition of dictionaries for public warning, syntax rules and procedures to formulate warning messages, as well as rules and procedures to extend dictionaries when required. 2 References 2.1 Normative references Normative references ar
22、e not applicable in the present document. 2.2 Informative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of
23、 the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but
24、they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. i.1 UNISDR Terminology on Disaster Risk Reduction (2009). NOTE: Available at www.unisdr.org/eng/terminology/terminology-2009-eng.html. i.2 D. S. Mileti and J. H. Sorensen: “Communication of emergency public warning, A social science pers
25、pective and state-of-the-art assessment“, August 1990. i.3 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Crisis and Emergency Risk Communications: Best Practices, 2009. i.4 D. S. Mileti: “Warning messages and public response“, Social science research findings Guidelines for alert message content acces
26、sibility“. 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: alert decision maker: authority entitled to decide whether to warn the population or not based on the warning information gathered from the warning author a
27、lert message: Equivalent to the term warning message in ISO 22322 i.14. alert message issuer: authority (or authorities) entitled to formulate alert messages, based on the information gathered from the warning author, and to send the alert message(s) to the population at risk in a direct manner or b
28、y means of one or several intermediaries alert message recipient: citizen(s) at risk that should receive alert messages disseminated by the alert message issuer NOTE: The citizen could either be present in a residential, business or recreation environment during the incident. area of authority: area
29、 in which the alert message issuer is entitled to warn/alert the population early warning system: set of capacities needed to generate and disseminate timely and meaningful warning information to enable individuals, communities and organizations threatened by an incident to prepare and to act approp
30、riately and in sufficient time to reduce the possibility of harm or loss, as defined in ISO 22322 i.14 NOTE: This definition has been established by the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction in i.1. incident: This term is defined in the ISO EN 22300-2014 “Terminology“ i.16. in
31、termediary: service provider or operator that distributes the alert message provided by the alert message issuer over its communication infrastructure ETSI ETSI TR 103 273 V1.1.1 (2016-12) 8 warning author: agency that implements the hazard monitoring function and provides warning information to the
32、 alert decision maker and the alert message issuer NOTE: Examples of the warning author are agencies that monitor and provide information on meteorology, hydrology, health information, etc., and evaluate the related risks. 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abb
33、reviations apply: AC Approval Committee ASN Abstract Syntax NotationAVW Avalanche Warning BZW Blizzard Warning CAE Amber Alert CAP Common Alerting Protocol CBRNE Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, Explosive CC Certification Committee CDW Civil Danger Warning CEM Civil EMergency CEN Comit E
34、uropen de Normalization CET Central European Time CFW Coastal Flood Warning CMAS Commercial Mobile Alert Service/System DSW Dust Storm Warning EAN President has issued an alert EQW EarthQuake Warning EVI EVacuate now EWS Early Warning System FFW Flash Flood Warning FLW FLood Warning FRW FiRe Warning
35、 HMW HazMat Warning HUW HUrricane Warning HWW High Wind Warning ISO International Standards Organization LAE Local Area Emergency LEW Police Warning LME Library Management Entity NUW Nuclear Power plant Warning OEZ Olympia EinkaufsZentrum PDT Pacific Daylight Time PSAP Public Safety Answering Point
36、PWS Pubic Warning System QCC Quality Control Committee RHW Radiological Hazard Warning SMW Special Marine Warning SPW Take Shelter Now SVR SeVeRe storm warning TC Technical Committee TOR TORnado warning TRW TRopical storm Warning TSW TSunami Warning UNISDR United Nations International Strategy for D
37、isaster Reduction US United States UTC Coordinated Universal Time (literally Universel Temps Coordonn) VOW VOlcano Warning WEA Wireless Emergency Alert WSW Winter Storm Warning XML eXtensible Markup Language ETSI ETSI TR 103 273 V1.1.1 (2016-12) 9 4 Public Warning Paradigm 4.1 General Public Warning
38、 is aiming to support the public audience with information about incidents/crisis and recommendation on remediating measures during incidents/crisis situations, incidents which could disrupt the safety and security of lives and/or assets. Public warning is one important part of the entire emergency
39、communication within the emergency and/or crisis management process. The complementary part of the emergency communication during such incidents/crisis is the information provision to the emergency management staff in the field enforcing the efficient implementation of effective response actions, th
40、us limiting harm/damages to lives and assets. Enabler for the emergency communication is well established risk knowledge/risk management functions, a monitoring function as well as response capabilities. These three functions outline/define content to the messages, which have to be disseminated eith
41、er to the public or the emergency management staff. The emergency communication should be capable of supporting man made as well as natural disasters based incidents/crisis situation. In this respect the most prominent global references UNISDR i.1 and ISO technical committee “Security and Resilience
42、“ i.14 are supplying two well-funded frame works (see figure 1), which are both covering the main area addressed in the present document, i.e. dissemination of public warning. Figure 1: UNISDR and ISO frameworks: functions According to the UNISDR mandate the EWS frame work is only targeting natural
43、disasters (meteorological, geological, biological, etc.) while the ISO PWS framework also addresses manmade disasters (incidents/crisis situations, e.g. 9/11, Oslo bombing, etc.) and also aims to cover the information provision to emergency management staff (first responders, volunteers, etc.) in th
44、e field (see figure 2). Figure 2: UNISDR and ISO frameworks: scope g104g69g47g94g24g90g3g28g116g94g3g296g396g258g373g286g449g381g396g364 g47g94g75g3g87g116g94g3g296g396g258g373g286g449g381g396g364g90g349g400g364g364g374g381g449g367g286g282g336g286g68g381g374g349g410g381g396g349g374g336g296g437g374g2
45、72g410g349g381g374g853g349g374g272g367g856g3g396g349g400g364g373g258g374g258g336g286g373g286g374g410g68g381g374g349g410g381g396g349g374g336g400g286g396g448g349g272g286g116g258g396g374g349g374g336g282g349g400g400g286g373g349g374g258g410g349g381g374g90g286g400g393g381g374g400g286g3g272g258g393g258g271
46、g349g367g349g410g349g286g400ETSI ETSI TR 103 273 V1.1.1 (2016-12) 10 Referring to both frameworks, the functions are characterized as follows: Risk knowledge. This term refers to prior knowledge of risks being faced by communities, for example by means of risk assessment, mapping of incidents and vu
47、lnerabilities, their patterns and trends. Monitoring and warning function. This term refers to the solid scientific basis for risk prediction and detection of incidents, as well as to the consequent decision process to disseminate warning messages to affected communities. Dissemination and communica
48、tion. This term refers to the process of formulating and disseminating messages to affected communities upon detection or prediction of a risk situation. Response capability. This term refers to communities understanding their risks and reacting upon reception of warning messages. This clause refers
49、 to best practices on the dissemination and communication process that yield best results inactionable warning and information, i.e. providing timely messages that reach, are understood and are acted upon by the population at risk i.15. In the dissemination and communication process, four main actors are involved, see figure 3: The warning author: agency that implements the hazard monitoring function and provides warning information to the alert decision maker and the alert message issuer. Examples of the warning author are agencies that moni
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