ETSI TR 105 174-4-2009 Access Terminals Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM) Broadband Deployment - Energy Efficiency and Key Performance Indicators Part 4 Access networks (V1 1 1)_1.pdf

1、 ETSI TR 105 174-4 V1.1.1 (2009-10)Technical Report Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM);Broadband Deployment - Energy Efficiencyand Key Performance Indicators;Part 4: Access networksETSI ETSI TR 105 174-4 V1.1.1 (2009-10)2Reference DTR/ATTM-020005-3 Keywords access, cable, optica

2、l, site engineering ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the pr

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6、ed by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2009. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTM, TIPHONTM, the TIPHON logo and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the be

7、nefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. LTE is a Trade Mark of ETSI currently being registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks

8、registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TR 105 174-4 V1.1.1 (2009-10)3Contents Intellectual Property Rights 5g3Foreword . 5g3Introduction 5g31 Scope 7g32 References 7g32.1 Normative references . 7g32.2 Informative references 8g33 Definitions and abbreviations . 9g33.1 Definitions 9g33

9、.2 Abbreviations . 10g34 Overview of access network solutions . 12g34.1 Customer access point 12g34.2 Principal access technologies . 13g34.2.1 Metallic Loop 13g34.2.2 Other metallic-based solutions 13g34.2.3 Wireless access . 14g34.2.3.1 General 14g34.2.3.2 Bluetooth . 14g34.2.3.3 ZigBee . 14g34.2.

10、3.4 WiFi 14g34.2.3.5 WiMax 15g34.2.3.6 GSM, GPRS, UMTS and 4G 15g34.2.3.7 Fixed wireless links . 16g34.2.4 Optical Fibre . 17g34.2.4.1 General discussion 17g34.2.4.2 Fibre To The Cabinet (FTTC) . 17g34.2.4.3 Fibre to the Building (FTTB) 19g34.2.4.4 Fibre to the Home (FTTH) 19g34.2.5 Other access tec

11、hnologies . 19g35 Energy efficiency standards and metrics 19g35.1 Summary of pre-existing work . 19g35.2 Power requirement metrics and KPI . 20g35.2.1 Background . 20g35.2.2 Suggested metrics . 20g35.2.3 KPI figures 21g35.3 Power requirements metrics applied to access network solutions 21g35.3.1 Met

12、allic loop . 21g35.3.2 Other metallic-based access solutions. 22g35.3.3 Wireless access . 22g35.3.3.1 General discussion 22g35.3.3.2 Bluetooth and Zigbee 22g35.3.3.3 WiFi 22g35.3.3.4 WiMax 22g35.3.3.5 Fixed wireless links . 23g35.3.4 GSM, GPRS, UMTS and 4G 23g35.3.5 Optical fibre solutions . 23g35.3

13、.5.1 FTTC . 23g35.3.5.2 FTTB. 23g35.3.5.3 FTTH . 24g35.3.6 Summary of power requirement metrics . 24g35.3.6.1 Determination of parameters . 24g35.3.6.1.1 Transmission rate/bitrate . 24g35.3.6.1.2 Distance . 24g3ETSI ETSI TR 105 174-4 V1.1.1 (2009-10)45.3.6.1.3 Power requirements . 25g35.3.6.2 Networ

14、k Configuration Issues . 25g35.3.6.3 Applicability 25g35.3.6.4 Further development . 26g35.4 Energy Efficiency Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) . 26g35.5 Customer premises networks 27g36 Increasing the energy efficiency of access networks 28g36.1 Network Architecture and deployment . 28g36.2 Techno

15、logy overview . 28g36.3 Targets and actions needed . 29g36.4 Energy saving measures . 30g36.4.1 FTTC 30g36.4.2 FTTB 30g36.4.3 CPE and Home equipment 30g37 Overall Conclusions . 30g3Annex A: Table of EEF and NPC values . 32g3History 33g3ETSI ETSI TR 105 174-4 V1.1.1 (2009-10)5Intellectual Property Ri

16、ghts IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essentia

17、l, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has bee

18、n carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical

19、 Committee Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM). The present document is part 4 of a multi-part deliverable. Full details of the entire series can be found in part 1 i.22. Introduction The increasing interaction between the different elements of the Information Communication Techn

20、ology (ICT) sector (hardware, middleware, software, services, etc.) supports the concept of convergence in which: a variety of multi-service packages can be delivered over a common infrastructure; a variety of infrastructures is able to deliver these packages. a single multi-service-package may be d

21、elivered over several different infrastructures. As a result of this convergence, the development of new services, applications and content there is an increasing demand for bandwidth, reliability, quality and performance. The consequent increase in the demand for energy which implications for cost

22、and, in some cases, availability. It is therefore important to maximize the energy efficiency of network equipment at all levels. New technologies and infrastructure strategies are expected to enable operators to decrease the energy consumption, for a given level of service, of their existing and fu

23、ture infrastructures thus decreasing their costs. This requires a common understanding among market participants that only standards can produce. The present document is Part 4 of a multi-part set which has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (A

24、TTM) in close collaboration with CENELEC via the Co-ordination Group on Installations and Cabling (CGIC). The document set offers a contribution to the required standardization process by establishing an initial basis for work on ICT networks and transmission engineering, with active collaboration f

25、rom a number of other ETSI and CENELEC Technical Bodies. When complete, the documents will contain information that has been jointly evolved to present developments in installations and transmission implementation, and describing their progress towards energy efficiency in next generation networks (

26、NGN). ETSI ETSI TR 105 174-4 V1.1.1 (2009-10)6The present document analyses the work on Access Networks whilst details of each of the other parts of the document set can be found in Part 1. Clearly the energy efficiencies of Operator Sites, Data Centres, the Core Networks and Customer Network Infras

27、tructures are also important in maximizing the end-to-end energy efficiency of broadband communications and these issues will be covered in other parts of the document set. However, Access Networks differ from the other network components in that they are likely to include a very large number of loc

28、ations each consuming a relatively low amount of energy. Not only do such small installations tend to be inefficient in their power utilization but when multiplied by their number, their total energy usage becomes considerable. Thus any energy saving which can be achieved becomes significant when th

29、e number of sites is taken into account. At the same time, it is likely that the energy consumption of the customer-owned equipment connected to the access network is likely to have an energy demand far in excess of that of the network equipment. This is completely outside the scope of any possible

30、standardization initiative and can only be influenced by manufacturers minimizing the power requirements of their products, perhaps under a Code of Conduct. In order to monitor the implementation and operation of energy efficient broadband deployment, the documents will also discuss Key Performance

31、Indicators (KPI) for energy efficiency and focus on the possible consequences of standardization of installations, cabling techniques and equipment. In particular, the study will investigate possibilities and suggest solutions for development of processes for optimization in installation techniques

32、and energy consumption. ETSI ETSI TR 105 174-4 V1.1.1 (2009-10)71 Scope The present document details measures which may be taken to improve the energy efficiency the access networks for broadband deployment. Clauses 2 and 3 contain references, definitions and abbreviations which relate to this part;

33、 similar information will be included in the corresponding clauses of the other parts, thus ensuring that each document can be used on a “stand-alone“ basis. Clause 4 of the present document: identifies the standardization bodies working on interfaces to, cabling within, installation of, and other a

34、spects of the communication infrastructures of, access networks; outlines some of the principal access network topographies and their differences in respect of energy consumption; provides strategic analysis of energy consumption trends within access networks; develops the concept of Key Performance

35、 Indicators (KPI), introduced in Part 1 of this multi-part set of documents, to enable consistent monitoring of energy efficiency; outlines further work needed to ensure the improvement of energy efficiency in communication networks. This will enable the proper implementation of services, applicatio

36、ns and content on an energy efficient infrastructure, though it is not the goal of the present document to provide detailed standardized solutions for network architecture. 2 References References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-

37、specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the following cases: - if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the purposes

38、of the referring document; - for informative references. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot

39、guarantee their long term validity. 2.1 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including a

40、ny amendments) applies. Not applicable. ETSI ETSI TR 105 174-4 V1.1.1 (2009-10)82.2 Informative references The following referenced documents are not essential to the use of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the lates

41、t version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. i.1 ETSI TR 102 530: “Environmental Engineering (EE); The reduction of energy consumption in telecommunications equipment and related infrastructure“. i.2 ETSI TS 102 533: “Environmental Engineering (EE); Measurement Methods an

42、d limits for Energy Consumption in Broadband Telecommunication Networks Equipment“. i.3 “EC Code of Conduct on Energy Consumption of Broadband Equipment“. i.4 IEEE Standard 802.11: “IEEE Standard for Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between systems - Local and met

43、ropolitan area networks - Specific requirements - Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications“. i.5 IEEE Standard 802.15.1: “IEEE Standard for Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between systems - Local and metropolitan a

44、rea networks - Specific requirements - Part 15.1: Wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPAN)“. i.6 IEEE Standard 802.15.4: “IEEE Standard for Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between syst

45、ems - Local and metropolitan area networks - Specific requirements - Part 15.4: Wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications for Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)“. i.7 IEEE Standard 802.16: “IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks - Part

46、 16: Air Interface for Broadband Wireless Access Systems“. i.8 ITU-T Recommendation G.983.1 (05/2005): “Broadband optical access systems based on Passive Optical Networks (PON)“. i.9 ITU-T Recommendation G.983.2 (01/2007): “ONT management and control interface specification for B-PON“. i.10 ITU-T Re

47、commendation G.983.3 (07/2005): “A broadband optical access system with increased service capability by wavelength allocation“. i.11 ITU-T Recommendation G.983.4 (01/2005): “A broadband optical access system with increased service capability using dynamic bandwidth assignment“. i.12 ITU-T Recommenda

48、tion G.983.5 (01/2002): “A broadband optical access system with enhanced survivability“. i.13 ITU-T Recommendation G.984.1 (03/2008): “Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (GPON): General characteristics“. i.14 ITU-T Recommendation G.984.2 (03/2008): “Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (GP

49、ON): Physical Media Dependent (PMD) layer specification“. i.15 ITU-T Recommendation G.984.3 (01/2002): “Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (GPON): Transmission convergence layer specification“. i.16 ITU-T Recommendation G.984.4 (01/2002): “Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (GPON): ONT management and control interface specification“. i.17 ITU-T Recommendation G.984.5 (01/2002): “Enhancement band for gigabit capable optical access networks“. i.18 ITU-T Recommendation G.984.6 (01/2002): “Gigabit-capable passi