ETSI TS 102 509-2006 Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) Single Channel Simulcast (SCS)《世界数字广播(DRM) 单信道同时播送(SCS)(版本1 1 1)》.pdf

1、 ETSI TS 102 509 V1.1.1 (2006-05)Technical Specification Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM);Single Channel Simulcast (SCS)European Broadcasting Union Union Europenne de Radio-Tlvision EBUUER ETSI ETSI TS 102 509 V1.1.1 (2006-05) 2 Reference DTS/JTC-DRM-15 Keywords audio, broadcasting, digital, DRM, AM, ra

2、dio ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document c

3、an be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, th

4、e reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI doc

5、uments is available at http:/portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written pe

6、rmission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2006. European Broadcasting Union 2006. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TI

7、PHONTMand the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI ETSI TS 102 509 V1.1.1 (2006-05) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights

8、4 Foreword.4 Introduction 4 1 Scope 6 2 References 6 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations .6 3.1 Definitions6 3.2 Symbols7 3.3 Abbreviations .7 4 DRM simulcast transmission7 5 DRM/AM single channel simulcast .8 5.1 Transmission signal characteristic8 5.2 Generation of the complementary signal9 5

9、.3 Notes on generation and reception of DRM/AM SCS signals .10 Annex A (informative): Bibliography.12 History 13 ETSI ETSI TS 102 509 V1.1.1 (2006-05) 4 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertai

10、ning to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretar

11、iat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or th

12、e updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by Joint Technical Committee (JTC) Broadcast of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), Comit Europen de Normalisation ELECtrotechniqu

13、e (CENELEC) and the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). NOTE: The EBU/ETSI JTC Broadcast was established in 1990 to co-ordinate the drafting of standards in the specific field of broadcasting and related fields. Since 1995 the JTC Broadcast became a tripartite body by including i

14、n the Memorandum of Understanding also CENELEC, which is responsible for the standardization of radio and television receivers. The EBU is a professional association of broadcasting organizations whose work includes the co-ordination of its members activities in the technical, legal, programme-makin

15、g and programme-exchange domains. The EBU has active members in about 60 countries in the European broadcasting area; its headquarters is in Geneva. European Broadcasting Union CH-1218 GRAND SACONNEX (Geneva) Switzerland Tel: +41 22 717 21 11 Fax: +41 22 717 24 81 Introduction The frequency bands us

16、ed for broadcasting below 30 MHz are: Low Frequency (LF) band - from 148,5 kHz to 283,5 kHz, in ITU Region 1 1 only; Medium Frequency (MF) band - from 526,5 kHz to 1 606,5 kHz, in ITU Regions 1 1 and 3 1 and from 525 kHz to 1 705 kHz in ITU Region 2 1; High Frequency (HF) band - a set of individual

17、broadcasting bands in the frequency range 2,3 MHz to 27 MHz, generally available on a worldwide basis. These bands offer unique propagation capabilities that permit the achievement of: large coverage areas, whose size and location may be dependent upon the time of day, season of the year or period i

18、n the (approximately) 11 year sunspot cycle; portable and mobile reception with relatively little impairment caused by the environment surrounding the receiver. There is thus a desire to continue broadcasting in these bands, perhaps especially in the case of international broadcasting where the HF b

19、ands offer the only reception possibilities which do not also involve the use of local repeater stations. ETSI ETSI TS 102 509 V1.1.1 (2006-05) 5 However, broadcasting services in these bands: use analogue techniques; are subject to limited quality; are subject to considerable interference as a resu

20、lt of the long-distance propagation mechanisms which prevail in this part of the frequency spectrum and the large number of users. As a direct result of the above considerations, there is a desire to affect a transfer to digital transmission and reception techniques in order to provide the increase

21、in quality which is needed to retain listeners who, increasingly, have a wide variety of other programme reception media possibilities, usually already offering higher quality and reliability. In order to meet the need for a digital transmission system suitable for use in all of the bands below 30 M

22、Hz, the Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) consortium was formed in early 1998. The DRM consortium is a non-profit making body which seeks to develop and promote the use of the DRM system worldwide. Its members include broadcasters, network providers, receiver and transmitter manufacturers and research in

23、stitutes. More information is available from their website (http:/www.drm.org/). ETSI ETSI TS 102 509 V1.1.1 (2006-05) 6 1 Scope The present document gives a specification for the preparation of a transmission signal allowing the simultaneous transmission of analogue and digital versions of the same

24、 audio programme in one frequency channel (Single Channel Simulcast, SCS). The transmitted signal is compliant to existing frequency channel grids and bandwidths of ITU-R in the broadcasting frequency bands below 30 MHz (see ITU-R Radio Regulations 1). The signal consists of a sinusoidal carrier and

25、 two additional signal parts in the upper and lower sideband. The digital part in the upper sideband corresponds to a Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) signal as specified in 2, therefore a standard DRM consumer receiver will be able to extract and decode the included digital data. An analogue audio AM r

26、eceiver applying envelope demodulation on the overall received signal will provide an audio signal to the listener comparable to standard AM transmission. NOTE: Other methods of signal generation for SCS are feasible. The present document may be revised in the future to describe one or more addition

27、al methods. 2 References The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For a specific referen

28、ce, subsequent revisions do not apply. For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. 1 ITU-R Radio Regulations. 2 ETSI ES 201 980: “Digital Radio

29、Mondiale (DRM); System Specification“. 3 ITU-R Recommendation BS.1615: “Planning parameters“ for digital sound broadcasting at frequencies below 30 MHz“. 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: Fast

30、 Access Channel (FAC): channel of the multiplex data stream which contains the information that is necessary to find services and begin to decode the multiplex OFDM symbol: transmitted signal for that portion of time when the modulating amplitude and phase state is held constant on each of the equal

31、ly-spaced carriers in the signal Single Frequency Network (SFN): network of transmitters sharing the same radio frequency to achieve a large area coverage ETSI ETSI TS 102 509 V1.1.1 (2006-05) 7 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: knfixed or variable co

32、efficient for error weighting in the n-th iteration stage (0 n N) for generation of the DRM/AM SCS signal Nmaximum number of iteration steps during generation of DRM/AM SCS signal 3.3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AM Amplitude Modulation D

33、RM Digital Radio Mondiale DSB Double SidebandFAC Fast Access Channel HF High FrequencyIF Intermediate Frequency ITU International Telecommunication Union LF Low Frequency LSB Lower SidebandMCS Multi Channel Simulcast MF Medium Frequency OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing SCS Single Chan

34、nel Simulcast SFN Single Frequency Network SSB Single SidebandUSB Upper Sideband VSB Vestigial Sideband4 DRM simulcast transmission The DRM system as specified in ES 201 980 2 provides a significant improvement in audio reception quality and service reliability compared with existing AM radio in the

35、 broadcasting frequency bands below 30 MHz. An important requirement of ITU-R on the characteristic of a new digital broadcasting system was the possibility of simulcast transmission of analogue and digital audio within the limits set by the current frequency regulations ITU-R Radio Regulations 1. S

36、imulcast transmission is of particular interest to broadcasters who wish to introduce DRM services as soon as possible, but which have to continue to satisfy existing analogue listeners. After a transition period of several years (dependent on the market penetration of DRM receivers) it will be poss

37、ible to fully switch to digital transmission. The final date to stop analogue transmission will be dependent on the type of broadcasters“ audiences and certain economical factors (e.g. number of available frequencies and investment for transmitter digitisation) and therefore will differ from country

38、 to country as well as from broadcaster to broadcaster. In Annex K of the DRM specification ES 201 980 2 examples for simulcast modes are given by juxtaposition of analogue AM signals (DSB, VSB or SSB) and digital DRM signals. For all modes at least one and a half channels of 9 kHz or 10 kHz bandwid

39、th are necessary to transmit the simulcast signal in a proper way (so-called Multi-channel Simulcast, MCS). The DRM signal can be located in the next upper or lower adjacent channel of its analogue counterpart and can occupy a half (kernel carrier group only) or whole channel depending on the bandwi

40、dth option chosen. To provide on the one hand a high quality DRM service, but on the other hand to avoid significant impact of the DRM signal on the analogue sound quality the power levels between the DRM and the AM part of MCS signals have to be optimally adjusted. A drawback is the strong dependen

41、cy on the receiver quality. For low-cost receivers the DRM level has to be in the range of 16 dB below the AM carrier power (30 % modulation depth assumed). For good-quality receivers the difference is only about 6 dB, which fits very well with the protection ratio given in ITU-R Recommendation BS.1

42、615 3. ETSI ETSI TS 102 509 V1.1.1 (2006-05) 8 Especially in LF and MF, the availability of frequency channels for realization of MCS is strongly limited (often only a single frequency per audio programme), and therefore a solution is required to allow broadcasters during the transition phase from a

43、nalogue to digital to transmit both signals in one common channel: the so-called Single Channel Simulcast (SCS) transmission. A detailed description of SCS is given in the following clauses. 5 DRM/AM single channel simulcast 5.1 Transmission signal characteristic A simple superposition of a double-s

44、ideband amplitude modulated signal (DSB-AM) by a digital DRM signal would result in strong degradation of both signals due to interference. Therefore the following requirements for the SCS signal have to be fulfilled: the reception of the digital DRM signal must not be appreciably distorted by the a

45、nalogue signal in the same channel; the characteristic of the digital signal in the SCS channel has to be compliant with the DRM specification ES 201 980 2; standard envelope demodulation of the transmitted SCS signal (as usually carried out by existing AM receivers) should be sufficient to deliver

46、the analogue audio programme; the quality of the analogue audio signal should not be noticeably influenced by the DRM signal. All requirements are fulfilled by a characteristic of the SCS signal as described in the following. The signal consists of three parts (see figure 1): the DRM kernel carrier

47、group containing the full information of the Fast Access Channel (FAC) in the upper sideband (USB) with 4,5 or 5 kHz bandwidth; a so-called complementary signal with the same bandwidth in the lower sideband (LSB); and an additional sinusoidal carrier at the reference frequency in the middle of the c

48、hannel. 4.5/5 kHz kernelcarrier groupComplementarysignalCarrier9/10kHzFrequencyFigure 1: Characteristic of a DRM/AM single channel simulcast signal To keep the first two requirements, the DRM signal has to be restricted in bandwidth, i.e. only half of the channel can be allocated (spectrum occupancy

49、 types 0 and 1, see ES 201 980 2). The complementary signal is determined in the modulator such that the received signal after envelope demodulation of the overall SCS signal will correspond under ideal conditions to the analogue audio baseband signal (third requirement), i.e. it has to minimize the influence of the DRM signal on the envelope and to add the analogue audio baseband part. To provide satisfactory quality of the analogue audio signal (last requirement) the power of the USB including th