1、 ETSI TS 102 990 V1.1.1 (2012-11) Media Content Distribution (MCD); CDN Interconnection, use cases and requirements Technical Specification ETSI ETSI TS 102 990 V1.1.1 (2012-11)2Reference DTS/MCD-00013 Keywords audio, broadcast, CDN, content, interconnection, IP, multimedia, regulation, TV, video ET
2、SI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be
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4、rence shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents
5、 is available at http:/portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permissi
6、on. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2012. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are Trade Mar
7、ks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TS 102 990 V1.1.1 (2012-11)3Contents Intellectual Property Rights 5g3Foreword . 5g3Introduction 5g31 Scope 6g32 Re
8、ferences 6g32.1 Normative references . 6g32.2 Informative references 6g33 Definitions and abbreviations . 6g33.1 Definitions 6g33.2 Abbreviations . 7g34 Overview of CDN interconnection services . 8g34.1 Functional roles and CDN Relationships . 8g34.2 MCD CDN Interconnection services 9g34.2.1 General
9、 9g34.2.2 Upstream CDN Provider CDN interconnection services 9g34.2.3 Downstream CDN Provider CDN interconnection services . 10g34.2.4 Guiding principle for CDN Interconnection . 10g34.3 Compliance. 10g35 Service requirements 11g35.1 General . 11g35.2 Service Types . 11g36 Technical requirements 11g
10、36.1 General . 11g36.2 CDN interconnection interfacing between Upstream CDN Provider and Downstream CDN Provider . 12g36.3 Transcoding 13g36.4 CDN-I Security Requirements . 13g36.4.1 Integrity Requirements . 13g36.4.2 Authenticity Requirements . 13g36.4.3 Authorization Requirements . 13g36.4.4 Confi
11、dentiality Requirements . 14g36.4.5 Denial of Service Protection Requirements 14g36.4.6 Digital rights management (DRM) . 14g36.5 Retrieving content identification 14g36.6 Resolving content location . 14g36.7 Reporting 15g36.8 Topology and topology hiding . 16g3Annex A (informative): CDN Interconnec
12、tion use cases 17g3A.1 General . 17g3A.2 Consumer use cases 17g3A.2.1 Popular global content 17g3A.2.2 Popular remote content . 17g3A.2.3 Quality Improvements Derived from IETF draft i.1 17g3A.2.3.1 Network Service Provider CDN Service Provider Use Case 17g3A.2.4 Offload use cases derived from IETF
13、draft i.1. 18g3A.2.4.1 Overload handling and dimensioning . 18g3A.2.4.2 Resilience 18g3A.2.5 Footprint Extension Use Cases Derived from IETF draft i.1 . 18g3A.2.5.1 CDN Interconnection inside one CDN Service Provider 18g3A.2.5.2 CDN Interconnection between CDN Service Providers . 18g3A.2.6 Popular s
14、egments 18g3ETSI ETSI TS 102 990 V1.1.1 (2012-11)4A.2.6.1 Popular time segments 19g3A.2.6.2 Popular video tiles 19g3A.2.6.3 Scalable and multi-rate video 19g3A.3 Topology use cases . 19g3A.3.1 Primary and secondary CDN 19g3A.3.2 CDN Peering 19g3A.3.3 CDN Federation . 19g3A.3.4 More than two CDN hier
15、archy . 20g3A.3.5 CDN to multicast 20g3A.3.6 Segmented content . 20g3A.4 Other use cases . 20g3A.4.1 Delivery Format Adaptation . 20g3A.4.2 Support for HTTP Adaptive streaming 21g3Annex B (informative): Architectural approaches 22g3B.1 Generic architecture for CDN interconnection . 22g3B.2 Example p
16、rocedure for a content request . 23g3B.3 Usage information 25g3B.4 Access networks in the CDN architecture 25g3B.5 Procedure for content distribution 26g3B.6 Content delivery through CDN Interconnection 27g3Annex C (informative): A metaphor for the electronic content delivery ecosystem 29g3C.1 Gener
17、al . 29g3C.2 The newspaper-distribution ecosystem 29g3C.3 The content-delivery ecosystem . 31g3Annex D (informative): Advanced use cases 34g3D.1 General . 34g3D.2 Caching - CDN Interconnection . 34g3D.3 Information-centric networking and CDN interconnection 34g3D.3.1 Background 34g3D.3.2 Comparison
18、of ICN and CDNs . 35g3D.3.2.1 Objectives . 35g3D.3.2.2 Technical approach . 35g3D.3.2.3 Deployment. 35g3D.3.2.4 Business models 36g3D.3.3 Interconnection of ICN and CDNs . 36g3History 37g3ETSI ETSI TS 102 990 V1.1.1 (2012-11)5Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to th
19、e present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI
20、 in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/ipr.etsi.org). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existen
21、ce of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Media Content Distribution (MCD). Introduction C
22、ontent Delivery Networks (CDN) are a solution to efficiently deliver content Consumers, including file-based and streaming video and multimedia content. An IPTV Service Provider uses CDN technology for content delivery to its own Consumer customers, see TS 182 019 1. A CDN Service Provider uses CDN
23、technology to deliver content to Consumers on behalf of a Content Provider, see TR 102 688-9 i.2. Annex A of the present document presents several use cases where different CDN Service Provider would collaborate and interconnect to provide a better and more efficient CDN service to their Content Pro
24、vider customers. Annex C uses the metaphor of newspaper distribution where Printer Companies collaborate to achieve a better and more efficient newspaper distribution service to Newspaper Companies. Based on those use cases, the present document specifies functional roles and CDN relationships, serv
25、ice requirements and technical requirements for CDN interconnection. ETSI ETSI TS 102 990 V1.1.1 (2012-11)61 Scope The present document specifies the (stage-1) service- and technical requirements for CDN interconnection services. The requirements are based on the use cases described in annex A of th
26、e present document. 2 References References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the reference document (including a
27、ny amendments) applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validi
28、ty. 2.1 Normative references The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document. 1 ETSI TS 182 019: “Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Content Delivery Network (CDN) Architecture“. 2 ETSI TS 18
29、4 009: “Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Rules covering the use of TV URIs for the Identification of Television Channels“. 2.2 Informative references The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the pres
30、ent document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. i.1 IETF Use Cases for Content Distribution Network Interconnection: draft-ietf-cdni-use-cases. NOTE: Available at http:/tools.ietf.org/wg/cdni/draft-ietf-cdni-use-cases/ i.2 ETSI TR 102 688-9: “Media Content Distributio
31、n (MCD); MCD framework; Part 9: Content Delivery Infrastructures (CDI)“. i.3 ISO/IEC 23009-1:2012 “Information technology - Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) - Part 1: Media presentation description and segment formats“. 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of t
32、he present document, the following terms and definitions apply: The following definitions are from TS 182 019 1: content delivery: act of delivering deployed content to a user Content Delivery Network (CDN): set of functions managing content acquired from content sources, through delivery to the use
33、r ETSI ETSI TS 102 990 V1.1.1 (2012-11)7content acquisition: act of acquiring content from a content source content deployment: act of moving ingested content to one or more network entities, based on content deployment policies content distribution: act of moving content in and between CDNs CDN int
34、erconnection: interconnection between two CDNs, enabling the controlled distribution of content between those CDNs The following definitions are from TR 102 688-9 i.2: content ingestion: act of introducing content (and associated data) into the Content Delivery Infrastructure segmented content: cons
35、isting of multiple mutually associated content files and/or - streams NOTE: The association between the segments are typically communicated through a manifest file. 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: CDN Content Delivery Network NOTE: Indus
36、try uses sometimes “Content Distribution Network“. DRM Digital Rights Management FTP File Transfer Protocol GB GigaByte HAS HTTP-based Adaptive Streaming HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol IPTV Internet Protocol TeleVision OIPF Open IPTV Forum RTP Real-time Transport Protocol RTCP RTP Control Protocol
37、 SLA Service Level Agreement SVC Scalable Video Coding URI Uniform Resource Identifier ETSI ETSI TS 102 990 V1.1.1 (2012-11)84 Overview of CDN interconnection services 4.1 Functional roles and CDN Relationships For the purpose of the present document, concepts of domains, functional roles and CDN re
38、lationships are defined in this clause and are illustrated in figure 4.1.1. Figure 4.1.1: Functional roles, domains and CDN Provider relationships for CDN interconnection Functional roles are defined with respect to a given delivery act (i.e. the actual delivery of a given piece of content to a give
39、n user at a given time). The functional roles are described as follows: The Ingesting CDN provider is the entity that ingests the content (“mastercopy“) into the CDN Domain. It has a CDN interconnection with the Delivering CDN Provider (or a Transiting CDN Provider) that enables the controlled distr
40、ibution of content from the ingesting CDN to the delivering CDN. The Delivering CDN provider is the entity that delivers the content (“consumable“) into the Consumer Domain. It has a CDN interconnection with the Ingesting CDN Provider (or a Transiting CDN Provider) that enables the controlled distri
41、bution of content from the ingesting CDN to the delivering CDN. A Transiting CDN provider is an entity that distributes the content (“replica“) from a CDN (that maybe the Ingesting CDN or a Transiting CDN) to another CDN (that may be the Delivering CDN or a Transiting CDN). For a given delivery act
42、zero, one or more Transiting CDNs may be involved. NOTE: The terms “mastercopy“, “replica“ and “consumable“ relate to the role of the content throughout the process (see also annex C). The Consumer is the entity where the content is consumed. The content is delivered through the CDN domain. The Cont
43、ent Provider is the entity that owns or is licensed to sell content or content assets. The content is delivered to a user through the CDN Domain. The Content Provider is authoritative with respect to control of consumer access to the content (i.e. whether a given delivery request from a consumer is
44、to be honoured by the CDN domain or not). ConsumerConsumer Domain CDN Domain Content Domain Content Provider Delivering CDN Service Provider Ingesting CDN Service Provider Content ingestionContent delivery: Direction of content flow Transiting CDN Service Provider Upstream Downstream Downstream Upst
45、ream Mastercopy Replica Consumable ETSI ETSI TS 102 990 V1.1.1 (2012-11)9The present document focuses on the CDN interconnection between CDN Providers collaborating to achieve content delivery. The present document defines the following relationships between two CDN Providers participating in a give
46、n delivery act: A CDN Provider is Upstream of another CDN Provider if the content is distributed from that CDN to the other CDN. A CDN Provider is Downstream of another CDN Provider if the content is obtained by that CDN from the other CDN. Because functional roles are relative to a given delivery a
47、ct, in practice, a given entity may be performing more than one functional role. For example, a given administrative entity could be operating as the Ingesting CDN Provider for a given delivery act, operating as the Delivering CDN Provider for another delivery act and operating as a Transiting CDN P
48、rovider for yet another delivery act. Similarly, it could also be operating as the Content Provider or Consumer for some other delivery act. For the same reason, a CDN Provider that is Upstream of another CDN Provider for a given delivery act could be Downstream of this other CDN Provider for anothe
49、r delivery act, and may have no Upstream/Downstream relationship with that same other CDN Provider for yet another delivery act. The following business- and/or technical relationships are outside the scope of the present document. Consumer - Content Provider: e.g. content selection and content purchase/rental CDN Provider - Content Provider: e.g. content ingestion Consumer - CDN Provider: e.g. redirection instructions and the actual content delivery 4.2 MCD CDN Interconnection services 4.2.1 General This clause describes CDN interconnection se
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