FORD FLTM BJ 001-01-2000 EXTREME PRESSURE TEST ON OILS《油的极压试验》.pdf

1、 FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 001-01 Date Action Revisions 2000 08 30 Revised Editorial no technical change A. Cockman 2000 07 11 Editorial no technical change A. Cockman 1992 05 04 Page 1 of 11 EXTREME PRESSURE TEST ON OILS Purpose of Test To determine the film strength or load carrying property

2、of an oil by means of mechanical testing equipment. Apparatus Required Falex E. P. Tester (See Figures 1 and 2) Used to apply a prescribed load to a standard test shaft which is rotated by the machine in a bath of the oil being tested. Standard steel test pin #8 ) Standard vee block ) See drawing Br

3、ass shear pin ) Source: Faville LeVally Corp. 1129 Bellwood Avenue Bellwood, Illinois Note: Standard test pins and bushings with hardnesses and microfinish other than those as indicated on this procedure may be obtained by ordering special from the manufacturer. Stop Watch or Timing Device Solvents

4、Benzol or naphtha. Note: No chlorinated solvents should be used as these impart a surface film to the test parts which will give erroneous results. Standard Copper Test Coupon “E“ Source: Faville LeVally Corp. 1129 Bellwood Avenue Bellwood, Illinois Conditioning and Test Conditions All test values i

5、ndicated herein are based on material conditioned in a controlled atmosphere of 23 +/- 2 C and 50 +/- 5 % relative humidity for not less than 24 h prior to testing under the same conditions unless otherwise specified. FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 001-01 Page 2 of 11 Procedure Warm-Up 1. Remove loa

6、ding device and open jaws. 2. Insert a standard test pin in the lower end of the rotating column, line up matching holes in column and test pin and insert shear pin. 3. Insert the two standard V blocks in the holes provided in the jaws. 4. Close the jaws and attach the loading device. 5. Fill oil co

7、ntainer to the mark provided on the inside of the tray with a sample of the test oil (approximately 55mL). 6. Start the machine and apply a load of 300 lbs. by engaging the pawl and ratchet to the wear teeth, and run for 15 minutes. This is the initial warm-up. For repeated tests, a warm machine at

8、150 F is satisfactory. Step Test 1. Remove the test pin and the V-block used in the warm-up procedure and wash the apparatus with the prescribed solvents. 2. Insert a new standard test pin and V-block after first inspecting and discarding any with surface imperfections. 3. Attach the loading device

9、and fill the cup with a test sample of the well -mixed oil. 4. Start the machine, engage the pawl and ratchet until a load of 300 lbs. is reached and disengage the ratchet. 5. Set the stop watch, run the machine for 2 minutes at this load and record the torque. 6. Increase the load to 500 lbs., reco

10、rd the torque and run for 1 minute at this load and again record the torque. 7. Increase the load in increments of 250 lbs. and run at 1 minute intervals, recording the torque before and after each run at new load. Note: 1. If the load falls off, increase it to the prescribed number of pounds by eng

11、aging the pawl and the ratchet. Record the number of wear teeth necessary to bring up to the proper load. 2. Inability to maintain load indicates failure of lubricant. FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 001-01 Page 3 of 11 8. Repeat the load additions and recordings every minute until a failure occurs a

12、s indicated by a rapid loss in the load applied, increase in torque or in the shear pin breaking. Wear Test 1. Follow the Warm- Up steps, clean apparatus and assemble with standard test bushings and pin. 2. Apply a load of 500 lbs., record the torque and run for 3 minutes. Again record the torque. 3

13、. Increase the load to 1000 lbs., record the torque and run for 10 minutes, then record the torque again. 4. Repeat loadings in increments of 500 lbs. every 10 minutes and take torque readings until failure as indicated by a rapid loss in the load applied or the shear pin breaking. Note: Figures 5 a

14、nd 6 show typical pin failures. Calibration of Accessories The periodic checking of load gages and the comparison of the load imposed by one machine with other machines should be performed by comparing the diameters or Brinell indentations on a standard copper test coupon. Figure 3 shows the schemat

15、ic drawing. Instructions for Making Brinell Indentations 1. Remove Allen set screw and 1/2 inch ball from L. H. jaw. 2. Insert special Allen screw with attached 10 mm Brinell ball (D) from working face of the L. H. jaw and back the screw and ball assembly into the body of the jaw. Allow the ball to

16、project about 5/32 inch from face to jaw. 3. Insert backup plug (A) in the counterbore of R. H. jaw. Plug should project about 1/32 inch from face. 4. Support standardized copper test coupon (E) on a small block of wood so that upper edge of coupon is about 3/32 inch below upper surface of jaws. Thi

17、s will enable operator to line up the jaws placing a steel rule across the face of the jaws so that they are parallel when the coupon is in position for the indentation test.* 5. With jaws properly adjusted and test coupon in position for first impression slip load gage assembly into position on lev

18、er arms. * Locking swivel block with locking nuts will facilitate lining up jaw face and taking impressions. FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 001-01 Page 4 of 11 6. With 800 lb. gage assembly, start the machine (which can be done as no test pin is in the machine during the test) and allow the machine

19、to come up to a gage load reading of 200 lbs. A slight take-up of a few teeth is required to hold the load due to the ball sinking into the test coupon. After 200 lbs. is obtained, allow 1 minute for the indentation to form. 7. After 1 minute interval, turn off machine, back off load until test coup

20、on is free of jaws. Advance coupon approximately 3/8 inch (impression should not be made closer together than 2 1/2 inch diameter). Again check alignment of jaws for flatness with steel rule and run the machine up to 400 lbs. on the gage. Make impression as in 6. Repeat for loads of 600 and 800 lbs.

21、 8. Remove load gage assembly and coupon and measure diameter of indentation with Brinell microscope, taking average reading of e ach indentation on three diameters. 9. Determine imposed load by reading the calculated load corresponding to indentation diameter from hardness curve for the coupon empl

22、oyed. Formula Brinell Hardness Number = Applied Load Area of Surface of Indentation P = Load in Kg D = 10 mm D = Diameter of Indentation in mm Figure 3 is a schematic drawing of the method of inserting the coupon. Figure 4 shows a typical hardness curve. Curves are supplied with each option. Chemica

23、ls, materials, parts, and equipment referenced in this document must be used and handled properly. Each party is responsible for determining proper use and handling in its facilities. FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 001-01 Page 5 of 11 EXTREME PRESSURE TEST ON OILS Figure 1 Schematic Diagram of Falex

24、 Lubricant Test FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 001-01 Page 6 of 11 EXTREME PRESSURE TEST ON OILS Figure 2 Exploded View of V- Blocks and Journal Arrangement, Falex Lubricant Tester FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 001-01 Page 7 of 11 EXTREME PRESSURE TEST ON OILS Figure 3 Schematic Drawing of Calibrat

25、ion Accessories For Falex Lubricant Tester FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 001-01 Page 8 of 11 EXTREME PRESSURE TEST ON OILS Figure 4 Typical Curves of Gage Load Readings vs Impression Diameter, Using 800 and 4500 lb. gages and Bhn 37- 39 Standard Test Coupon FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 001-01 Pag

26、e 9 of 11 EXTREME PRESSURE TEST ON OILS FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 001-01 Page 10 of 11 EXTREME PRESSURE TEST ON OILS Wear Test Pattern before Transition Pressure Weld Type Seizure with Drive Pin Sheared Figure 5 FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BJ 001-01 Page 11 of 11 EXTREME PRESSURE TEST ON OILS Figure 6 “Torque Seizure“ Product will not weld butnormally fails due to excessive torque Note blueing of steel due to heat.