FORD FLTM EU BN 024-02-2001 FLAMMABILITY TEST FOR AUTOMOTIVE INTERIOR MATERIALS《汽车内部材料的易燃性试验》.pdf

1、FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU BN 024-02 Date 2001 10 31 1994 02 28 FLAMMABILITY TEST FOR AUTOMOTIVE INTERIOR MATERIALS Action Revisions Revised Editorial - no technical change A. Cockman Application This test procedure is used to determine the burn rate of automotive interior materials, component p

2、arts and portions of components and composites and substitute (surrogate) plaques as defined in the U.S. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 302 and/or the more stringent requirement such as DNI (Does Not Ignite), etc. sometimes imposed by Ford Motor Company upon the material for specific appl

3、ication. Apparatus Required Horizontal Flammability Cabinet (See Sketch I)* Constructed as described below to meet US-FMVSS No. 302. The cabinet is made of stainless steel. For observation purposes it is fitted with a flame resistant glass door extending over the whole of the front side and sealed w

4、ith an asbestos strip. For ventilation the cabinet has a 13 mm clearance space around the top of the cabinet, ten 19 mm diameter holes in the base of the cabinet and legs to raise the bottom of the cabinet by 9.5 mm. Inside the test cabinet - parallel to the longer sides and centrally located - is a

5、 specimen holder support for guiding the specimen holder into the correct position. On its narrower side the cabinet has an opening for introducing the specimen holder with the fitted test specimen and on the other side a suitable opening for the gas burner connection. Note: A tray is placed on the

6、base plate in the space between the rows of ventilation holes to catch the material dripping off. The tray has a maximum width of 80 mm, a length of 350 mm and a rim of 10 mm in height on the longer sides. Specimen Holder (See Sketches 2a, b and c)* The specimen holder consists of two matching U-sha

7、ped stainless steel frames. The lower frame is provided with a cover plate and handle which, when the specimen blder is fully pushed in, covers the opening in the cabinet side. In order to ensure an even fit, the lower frame is provided with pins. These pins are so placed, as to serve also as measur

8、ing marks in the timing procedure of the test. For undersized test specimens or those which soften and bend away from the horizontal at the flaming end during the test, use a top and bottom frame as shown in Sketches 2a and 2c respectively. Burner (positioning of burner in the cabinet, see Sketch 1)

9、 A bunsen burner or equivalent with a regulator valve and an inner diameter of 9.5 mm for initiating burning. Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU BN 024-02 Stop Watch Accuracy - 0.5 seconds. Gas Natural gas mixture (typically 34 x 1 O6 to 41 x 1 O6 J/m3) or eq

10、uivalent. Metal Comb A metal comb 1 O0 mm wide with 7 to 8 smooth rounded teeth/25 mm. Fume Cabinet Test cabinet shall be placed in a fume cabinet with minimum dimensions: 100 cm high, 100 cm wide and 50 cm deep. The hood shall have an adjustable exhaust system. During test, the door of the fume cab

11、inet shall normally be kept open approximately 55 cm. Air flow should not be adjusted any higher than is necessary to prevent smoke and fumes from entering room. *Deviating constructions of the test cabinet and the specimen holders must meet the US-FMVSS No. 302 requirements and need written approva

12、l of the Materials Development Laboratory, Product Engineering. Sample Selection and Preparation Large Parts Specimen Size In all cases the largest possible sample size is to be cut from the component up to the standard specimen of 1 O0 x 355 mm x thickness. The thickness of the specimen is that of

13、the material as utilized in the vehicles except where it exceeds 13 mm and in those applications the specimen is to be cut down to a uniform thickness of 13 mm to include face side. Where it is not possible to obtain a flat specimen because of component configuration, the specimen is cut to no more

14、than 13 mm in thickness at any point, from the area with the least curvature, by mechanically removing layers from the underside in such a manner as to include the face side. The maximum available length or width of a specimen is used where either dimension is less than 355 x 100 mm respectively. Ho

15、wever, specimens with a length of less than 150 mm shall not be tested. In this case, surrogate testing shall be performed according to para 2. Selection of Specimen The materials evaluated to this test method shall be as follows: (a) Surface Materials taken separately shall meet the requirements; e

16、xcept when surface materials are mmpletely bonded to one or more substrate materials, the assembly shall meet the requirements. Page 2 of 11 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU BN 024-02 (b) Composites consisting of the surface material and underlying material

17、s, including padding and cushioning materials, as they appear in the vehicle, to a depth of 13 mm. (c) All padding and cushioning materials taken separately, if they are not completely bonded to the other materials. The sample location in any composite or material shall be that which produces the mo

18、st adverse burn rate. This is normally the location that has the thinnest cross- section, the lowest density, and/or the deepest pattern. The sample direction for burning shall be that which produces the most adverse burn rate. The most adverse burn direction shall be determined by testing the mater

19、ial in the transverse and longitudinal directions. The surface of the specimen closest to the occupant compartment air space should be face downwards on the test frame. Special Surface Preparation Material with a napped or tufted surface is placed on a flat, hard surface and combed twice against the

20、 pile with the comb. 2. Small Parts Components, portions of components and composites less than 150 mm in their longest direction. A substitute (surrogate) test plaque specimen made with a composition identical to that of the component material($ shall be produced in the shape of a rectangle 100 mm

21、wide, 355 mm long and the minimum thickness of the component up to 13 mm maximum or as specified in the individual Engineering Material Specification, employing the same or equivalent process as used to produce the component part. Conditioning and Test Conditions All test values indicated herein are

22、 based on material conditioned in a controlled atmosphere of 23 +/- 2 OC and 50 +/- 5 % relative humidity for not less than 24 h prior to testing and tested under the same conditions unless otherwise specified. Where the test cannot be conducted at 23 +/- 2 OC and 50 +/- 5 % relative humidity, it mu

23、st be ensured that the conditioned specimen will be flammability tested immediately after removal from the conditioning room chamber. Page 3 of 11 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU BN 024-02 Test Procedure 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. The test specimens are mount

24、ed in the specimen holder as indicated below tested in the direction that produces the most adverse results with surface of the test specimen closest to the occupant compartment air space facing downwards on the test frame. (a) The standard test specimen (100 x 355 mm x thickness) with 4 matching ho

25、les for the lower frame pins is inserted between the two matching U-shaped frames so that both sides of the specimen are held by the frames and the one end of the specimen is even with the open end of the frame. The temperature of the specimen holder at the start of each test shall be 23 +/- 2 OC. (

26、b) Where the maximum available width of the specimen is less than 50 mm so that the sides of the specimen cannot be held in the two matching U-shaped frames, it is to be supported by the bottom wired frame (see Sketch 2c) and positioned in its centre. Tests are to be performed with the U-shaped fram

27、e assembled to the bottom wired frame. (c) Test specimens that soften and bend at the flaming end so as to cause a non-uniform, uneven burn rate, shall be kept horizontal by the use of the bottom wired frame, as described above in b. With the burner positioned at one end of the cabinet and with the

28、burner air inlets closed, adjust the gas regulating valve to provide a flame 38 mm in height. The burner position should be checked to insure that the centre of the burner tip is 19 mm below the centre of the bottom edge of the open end of the specimen. Insert the mounted specimen by pushing it gent

29、ly along the holder support into the cabinet and into contact with the flame. Expose the specimen to the flame for 15 seconds, then extinguish the burner flame. From the time of initial burner flame contact with the specimen, observe for any rapid burning or flame foot progression from across the ma

30、terials top or bottom surface. Begin timing (without reference to the period of application of the burner flame) when the foot of flame from the burning specimen reaches the first measuring mark (38 mm from the open end of the specimen). Note: Caution should be taken to avoid inhalation of combustio

31、n products. Measure the time that it takes the foot of flame to progress to the second measuring mark 38 mm from the clamped end of the top or bottom U-shaped frame. If the flame extinguishes itself before reaching the second measuring mark, time its progress to the point where flaming stops and mea

32、sure the furthest distance burned. Use the following definitions to report complete flammability results as illustrated in the following sketch. Page 4 of 11 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU BN 024-02 + o I= .g .- I= .e-* oI= a2 334 . mm.1a.*.SElB *.o*.am.*

33、a I I DNI (50 mm) from point where timing was started I SEINBR I I r- 1 B I Def i n it ions (a) Does Not Ignite (DNI). The material does not support combustion during or following the 15 second ignition period and does not transmit a flame from across either surface to the first measuring mark. (No

34、calculation required) (b) Self-Extinguishing (SE). The material ignites on either surface, but the flame extinguishes itself before reaching the first measuring mark. (No calculation required) (c) Self-ExtinguishingINo-Burn Rate (SEINBR). The stops burning before it has burned for 60 seconds from th

35、e start of timing, and has not burned more than 50 mm from the point where timing was started. (No calculation required) (d) Self-Extinguishing with a Burn Rate in mmIMinute (SEIB). When the leading flame front on either surface progresses beyond the first measuring mark, but extinguishes itself bef

36、ore reaching the second measuring mark, time and measure its progress to the furthest point where burning stops and calculate and report the burn rate only if the burn distance exceeds 50 mm or the burn time is 60 seconds or greater. (e) Burn Rate in mmIMinute (B). The material burns the full 254 mm

37、. Report Results as Follows DNI O mm/minute SE O mm/minute SE/NBR SE/*B Calculate Burn Rate *B Calculate Burn Rate Page 5 of 11 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU BN 024-02 Def i n it ions Report Results as Follows (9 Rapid Burning (RB). The material transmit

38、s a flame RB across either surface more than 50 mm beyond the first measuring mark at a rate greater than 100 mm/ minute and too fast to measure accurately; and, therefore, no calculation is required. Examples of materials in this category are extremely thin films which burn rapidly, or napped surfa

39、ces which “flash“. Over 100 mm/ minute Note: Rapid burning rate resulting from sample preparation in those cases necessitating a reduction to 13 mm thickness, must be resolved with appropriate Product Engineering Office. 9. Calculate and record the burn rate for the conditions SE/B (para d) and B (p

40、ara e) from the formula Burn Rate (“B) = 60 x 0 T Where “B = Burn rate in mm per minute D = Length the flame travels in mm T = Time in seconds for the flame to travel “D“ in mm. For engineering certification to FMVSS No. 302, in addition to the maximum burn rate, report on the original number one, s

41、igned and dated copy of Form EU 2805, the remaining burn rates that represent the suppliers lot sampling selection. The maximum burn rate must always be reported on the face of the original signed copy, whereas the remaining burn rates shall be reported on the reverse side of the original EU 2805 Fo

42、rm, so that all recorded burn rates are retained on the original signed copy. Testing performed on plaques must be so identified on Form EU 2805. IO. Flammability Lot Sampling Plan (a) The Flammability Lot Sampling Plan is to be employed for certification to FMVSS No. 302 of original, unaged materia

43、ls only (.e. environmental aged per SKM-99P9500-A test specimens do not require the Flammability Lot Sampling Plan). (b) The supplier will take a random sample of specimens of material and determine the burn rate. The randomness of the sample must be assured by strict adherence to the standard rules

44、 of sampling. Page 6 of 11 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU BN 024-02 (c) The maximum burn rate and the minimum burn rate are selected from the data and compared with the Flammability Lot Sampling Plan to ascertain either acceptance or rejection of the mate

45、rial. (d) For any given sample size and maximum burn rate, the following chart reflects the minimum burn rate allowable. *e.g. - For a sample size of 6, with a maximum burn rate of 76 mm/minute, the remaining five test samples must reflect burn rates from 36 to 76 mm/minute. Chemicals, materials, pa

46、rts, and equipment referenced in this document must be used and handled properly. Each party is responsible for determining proper use and handling in its facilities. Page 7 of 11 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU BN 024-02 FLAMMABILITY TEST FOR AUTOMOTIVE I

47、NTERIOR MATERIALS MAXIMUM BURN RATE : mmimin 71 66 61 56 50 46 41 Notes: MINIMUM BURN RATE : mmlmin 1. This is not a sequential sampling plan and once a sampling number has been selected and tested, the results are final. If maximum-minimum burn rates do not comply with the charted requirements, add

48、itional sampling is not valid unless physical material revisions are made. 2. If all specimens tested are classified in categories DNI (8.a.) SE (8.b.) and SE/NBR (8.c.) 4 specimens shall be selected for each further test. Page 8 of 11 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TES

49、T METHOD EU BN 024-02 FLAMMABILITY TEST FOR AUTOMOTIVE INTERIOR MATERIALS 10 I 1 r - k-2 I -II- I 5: -u I Cabinet: Stainess Steel Thickness: min I .25 mm SPECIMEN HOLDER & PLAN VIEW ON BASE PLATE 7 Cover plate with handle 1. of Specimen Holder Specimen Holder Support Stainless Steel Bars Equal Angles 2, 19 mm x 1.5 mm 3 Ventilatinq Clearance Flame Resistant 4. Glass Window 5 Specimen Holder 6. Bunsen Burner 7. Lecls U Page 9 of 11 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU BN 024-02 FLAMMABILITY TEST FOR AUTOMOTIVE INTERIOR MATERIALS SPECIMEN HOLDER