ICAO 9869-2008 Manual on Required Communication Performance (RCP)《关于要求的通信性能(RCP)的手册 第1版》.pdf

1、Doc 9869 AN1462 Manual on Required Communication Performance (RCP) Approved by the Secretary General and published under his authority First Edition - 2008 International Civil Aviation Organization Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for Res

2、aleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Doc 9869 AN1462 Manual on Required Communication Performance (RCP) Approved by the Secretary General and published under his authority First Edition - 2008 International Civil Aviation Organization Copyright International Civil

3、Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Published in separate Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish editions by the INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION 999 University Street,

4、 Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 5H7 For ordering information and for a complete listing of sales agents and booksellers, please go to the ICAO website at www.icao.int First edition 2008 ICAO Doc 9869, Manual on Required Communication Performance (RCP) Order Number: Doc9869 ISBN 978-92-9231 -1 27-8 O I

5、CAO 2008 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, without prior permission in writing from the International Civil Aviation Organization. Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided b

6、y IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-AMENDMENTS Amendments are announced in the supplements to the Catalogue of ICAO Publications; the Catalogue and its supplements are available on the ICAO website at www.icao.int. The space

7、 below is provided to keep a record of such amendments. RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND CORRIGENDA 0 (iii) Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Table of Contents Page Cha

8、pter I . INTRODUCTION . 1 . 1 Background . 1.2 Purpose of manual . 1.3 Explanation of terms Chapter 2 . Overview of RCP . 2.1 General 2.2 The RCP concept 2.3 Determining an RCP type 2.4 Prescribing an RCP type 2.5 Complying with an RCP type . 2.6 RCP application . Chapter 3 . DETERMINING AN RCP TYPE

9、 3.1 RCP type . 3.2 RCP types - general application 3.3 Assessing operational communication transactions in the context of the ATM function 3.4 Selecting the RCP type Chapter 4 . PRESCRIBING AN RCP TYPE 4.1 Determine requirements 4.2 RCP type allocation . Chapter 5 . COMPLYING WITH AN RCP TYPE . 5.1

10、 Evidence of compliance . 5.2 Validate assumptions and analyse actual performance . List of Appendices Appendix A . Glossary of terms . APP A-I Appendix B - Checklist for RCP Application APP B-I Appendix C - Example of determining an RCP type APP C-1 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organizati

11、on Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(vi) Manual on Required Communication Performance (RCP) Page List of Tables Table 3-1 Recommended RCP types 3-1 . Table C-I Environmental characteristics APP C-2 Table C-2 Ope

12、rational communication transaction APP C-3 . Table C-3 Overview of operational hazards APP C-5 . Table C-4 Safety objectives APP C-6 Table C-5 Safety requirements APP C-6 Table C-6 Performance objectives . APP C-7 List of Figures Figure 3-1 Determining RCP type for an ATM function 3-4 Figure 3-2 Com

13、munications capabilities and performances related to separation assurance 3-5 Figure 4-1 Prescribing an RCP type within an airspace (single means of communication) 4-1 Figure 4-2 Prescribing an RCP type within an airspace (normal and alternate means of communication) 4-2 Figure 4-3 Template for typi

14、cal data RCP type allocation 4-4 Figure 4-4 Template for typical voice RCP type allocation . 4-4 Figure 5-1 Overview of complying with an RCP type . 5-2 Figure C-I Sequence of operating steps APP C-4 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for R

15、esaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND 1.1.1 In 1983, the Council of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) established the Special Committee on Future Air Navigation Systems (FANS) which was tasked with studying,

16、 identifying and assessing new technologies, including the use of satellites, and making recommendations for the future development of air navigation for civil aviation. The FANS Committee determined that it would be necessary to develop new systems that would overcome the limitations of conventiona

17、l systems and allow Air Traffic Management (ATM) to develop on a global scale. 1 .I .2 In September 1991, 450 representatives from 85 States and 13 international organizations gathered at ICAO Headquarters in Montreal, Canada, for the Tenth Air Navigation Conference to consider and endorse the conce

18、pt for a future air navigation system as developed by the FANS Committee that would meet the needs of the civil aviation community well into the next century. The FANS concept, which came to be known as the communications, navigation, surveillancelair traffic management (CNSIATM) systems concept, in

19、volves a complex and interrelated set of tech- nologies, dependent largely on satellites. 1 .I .3 The endorsement of the CNSIATM systems concept reached at the Tenth Air Navigation Conference signalled the beginning of a new era for international civil aviation and paved the way for the many activit

20、ies related to the planning and implementation of new systems around the world. 1.1.4 The fourth meeting of the Aeronautical Mobile Communications Panel (AMCP14) (Montreal, April 1996) recognized the absence of objective criteria to evaluate communication performance requirements. The objective crit

21、eria needed were a set of values for parameters which would be based on the operational requirements for communication systems in the various phases of flight. The meeting agreed that there was an urgent need to assess the existing technical options of communication systems against such a set of par

22、ameter values. The term RCP type is used to denote a set of values for these parameters. 1.1.5 When reviewing the report of AMCPl4 in 1997, the Air Navigation Commission tasked the Automatic Dependent Surveillance Panel (renamed in 2000 as the Operational Data Link Panel - OPLINKP) to develop the op

23、erational concept of Required Communication Performance (RCP). 1.1.6 In 2001, the OPLINKP completed its document entitled Concept of Required Communication Performance, and the Air Navigation Commission (ANC) solicited comments thereon from ICAO Contracting States. The comments received indicated br

24、oad support for the RCP concept. In light of the comments received, in 2002 the ANC amended the OPLINKP work programme to develop a Manual on Required Communications Performance (RCP) and, as necessary, Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPS) and procedures relating to the use of RCP in the prov

25、ision of air traffic services. 1.1.7 In 2003, the Eleventh Air Navigation Conference endorsed recommendations to: a) continue the development of SARPs, procedures and guidance material on RCP; and b) investigate areas for further work including determining the relationship of the RCP concept to sepa

26、ration studies and interoperability, standardizing RCP types and allocations, ensuring the Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-1-2 Manual on Required Communicatio

27、n Performance (RCP) adequacy of air traffic service (ATS) functions and procedures for new CNStATM environments, as well as establishing requirements for safety performance monitoring. 1.2 PURPOSE OF MANUAL The purpose of this guidance material is to explain the concept of RCP, identify RCP requirem

28、ents applicable to the provision and use of air traffic services, and provide a basis for the application of RCP in a specified airspace. 1.3 EXPLANATION OF TERMS The development and explanation of RCP rely on the understanding of terms which are included in Appendix A. Copyright International Civil

29、 Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Chapter 2 OVERVIEW OF RCP 2.1 GENERAL 2.1.1 The continuing growth of aviation places increasing demands on airspace capacity and emphasizes the need for th

30、e optimum utilization of the available airspace. These factors, allied with the requirement for operational efficiency within acceptable levels of safety, have resulted in the need for a performance-based airspace system. 2.1.2 The transition to a performance-based airspace system is a critical aspe

31、ct of the evolution to a safe and efficient global air traffic management (ATM) environment. As ATM evolves, it will be necessary to ensure acceptable operational performance, taking into account changing technologies. 2.1.3 ATM is the aggregation of the airborne functions and ground-based functions

32、 (air traffic services, airspace management and air traffic flow management) required to ensure the safe and efficient movement of aircraft during all phases of operations. 2.1.4 ATM is achieved through the collaborative integration of humans, information, technology, facilities and services, and is

33、 supported by communication, navigation and surveillance capabilities that are dependent on each other. For instance, the communication and surveillance capabilities and performance required to meet a given operational capability, which in this document is referred to as an ATM function, will depend

34、 on the capabilities and performance of the available navigation and other air traffic management functions, including those on the aircraft. Therefore, to determine the capability and performance requirements of the ATM system, it will be necessary to consider the system in its overall context, tak

35、ing into account all its interdependencies. 2.1.5 To meet the demands on airspace capacity and operational efficiency, the operational communication capability is playing an increasingly essential role in air traffic management using a mixture of data and voice communication. For example, data link

36、can provide for the integration of air traffic management functional capabilities on the aircraft and at the ATS units, and for more direct controller-pilot communications enabling user-preferred and dynamic re-routing and intervention capabilities in reduced separation environments where alternativ

37、e communications are more cumbersome. 2.1.6 The RCP concept provides a means to ensure the acceptable performance of communications within a complete ATM system. 2.2 THE RCP CONCEPT 2.2.1 The RCP concept characterizes the performance required of communication capabilities that support ATM functions

38、without reference to any specific technology and is open to new technology. This approach is essential to the evolution of operational concepts that use emerging technologies. An ATM function is an individual operational component of air traffic services. Examples of ATM functions include the applic

39、ation of separation between aircraft, the re-routing of aircraft, and the provision of flight information. Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-2-2 Manual on Requi

40、red Communication Performance (RCP) 2.2.2 The RCP concept assesses operational communication transactions in the context of an ATM function, taking into account human interactions, procedures and environmental characteristics. 2.2.2.1 The contribution of the human can be significant to RCP. Communic

41、ation is the accurate transfer between sender and receiver of information which can be readily understood by both. 2.2.2.2 An operational communication transaction is the process a human uses to send an instruction, a clearance, flight information, and/or a request, and is completed when that human

42、is confident that the transaction is complete. 2.2.3 The RCP concept is based upon “operationally significant“ benchmarks which when attained assure confidence that the operational communications supporting the ATM functions will be conducted in an acceptably safe manner. 2.2.4 The basis for the dev

43、elopment of the RCP concept was the need for objective operational criteria, in the form of an RCP type, to evaluate a variety of communication technologies. Once these criteria have been set and accepted, a specific implementation of an ATM function including its technical and human performance may

44、 have its viability assessed against acceptable operational criteria. 2.2.4.1 An RCP type is a label (e.g. RCP 240) that defines a performance standard for operational communication transactions. Each RCP type denotes values for communication transaction time, continuity, availability and integrity

45、applicable to the most stringent operational communication transaction supporting an ATM function. 2.2.4.2 The RCP concept is not based on technology; however, it is not intended to promote an unrestricted number of alternative communication technologies for one ATM function. Whilst RCP types will b

46、e prescribed on the basis of regional consultation within the ATM community, so too will be the aircraft equipage requirements for communications. Interoperability and cost considerations will be major items to contend with during such consultations. 2.2.5 Several factors may affect States decisions

47、 as to when an RCP type will be prescribed. These factors are based on the ATM functions that an air traffic services (ATS) provider chooses to implement within that airspace. In cases where a safety-ieiateci change, including the implementation of a reduced separation minimum or a new procedure, is

48、 predicated on communication performance, an RCP type should be prescribed. The approval of this change should include showing that the requirements and assumptions defined by the RCP type have been met. 2.2.6 It is anticipated that most aircraft, operating in airspace for which RCP has been prescri

49、bed by States or on the basis of a regional air navigation agreement, will carry a mixture of voice and data communication equipment. The carriage of voice and data communication equipment may even be required in some regions or States to perform certain ATM functions. In order to receive approval to operate in such environments, the co