ICAO CIRCULAR 286-2002 Highlights in the Economic Development of Airports and Air Navigation Services - Conference on the Economics of Airports and Air Navigation Services (ANSConf 02.pdf

1、CIR 286-AT1121 30/4103 Con. No. 3 (EYA/FWS) HIGHLIGHTS IN THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF AIRPORTS AND AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES CORRIGENDUM NO. 3 Please replace existing pages 21,22,27,28, 35 and 36 with the attached pages dated 30/4/03 and bearing the Con. 3 notation. Copyright International Civil Aviat

2、ion Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-CIR 286-AT1121 2811 0102 Corr. No. 2 (EngiisNArabicRussian) HIGHLIGHTS IN THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF AIRPORTS AND AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES CORRIGENDUM NO. 2 I Plea

3、se replace existing pages 43,47, 85 and 106 with the attached pages dated 28/10/02 and bearing the Com. 2 notation. Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-CIR 286-AT11

4、21 12/9/02 CORRIGENDUM (ENGLISH ONLY) HIGHLIGHTS IN THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF AIRPORTS AND AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES CORRIGENDUM Please replace existing pages 80 and 81 with the attached pages dated 12/9/02 and bearing the Com. notation. Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided b

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19、ght International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-Foreword This Circular presents information on the economic, organizational and regulatory status of airports and air navigation servi

20、ce providers in the year 2000. It is based on a survey of Contracting States (State Letter SR 167A of 6 August 1999) conducted prior to the Conference on the Economics of Airports and Air Navigation Services (ANSConf 2000, Montreal, 19 to 28 June 2000). The survey questionnaire sent to Contracting S

21、tates is reproduced in Attachment A. The information developed from the results of that survey was presented to the Conference as background material for the discussions on a number of Agenda items. The present Circular reproduces that material in a standardized format and incorporates additional in

22、formation received from Contracting States as of June 2000, subsequent to the preparation of the Conference papers. While the number of States responding to the survey amounts to only about half of the Contracting States of ICAO, these States represent, in aggregate, 90 per cent of world traffic exp

23、ressed in total tonne-kilometres performed in 1999 in scheduled services. Consequently, the status and trends indicated in this Circular may be regarded as providing a reasonabiy accurate global picture of aviation infrastructure and how it is developing. Previous surveys have been used as backgroun

24、d rnateriat for similar Conferences in the past. To the extent that the information presented to the 1991 Conference (Conference on Airport and Route Facility Management) is comparable with the information in this Circular, relevant trends analysis has been incorporated. Unless indicated otherwise,

25、all references in this circular to “cents“ mean “U.S. cents“, and all references to dollars“ mean “US. dollars“. Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-I Table of cont

26、ents Page Chapter 1 . Organization and Management . 1 Background 1 1 4 Trends 5 7 15 Appendix 3 . Major areas or services owned or operated by private interests . 21 Appendix 4 . Ownership and operation of air navigation services . 27 Appendix 5 . Provision of approach and aerodrome control services

27、 . 31 Appendix 6 . Provision of other air navigation services by the ATS provider 35 Chapter 2 . Financial Situation of Airports and Air Navigation Sewices 39 Section 1 - Financial aspects of international airport operations 39 Coverage . 39 Conclusions . 43 Section 2 - Financial aspects of air navi

28、gation services operations . 43 Coverage . 43 Analysisofda ta . 43 Conclusions . 45 45 Airline financial results . 45 Airport and route facility charges 46 Appendix 1 . Airport revenues. expenses and traffic data, 1998 49 Appendix 2 . Air navigation services financial and traffic data (1998) . 65 I

29、State practices related to airport management State practices related to air navigation services management Appendix I . Ownership and operation of airports . .- Appendix 2 . Ownership of airports . I Background 39 Analysis of data 41 Section 3 - Financial situation of scheduled airlines and the imp

30、act of airport and air navigation seivices charges . Development of traffic 45 Chapter 3 . Funding of Infrastructure . 69 Background . 69 Sourcesoffinancing 69 Developments in infrastnicture funding . 71 Appendix 2 . Primary sources for financing air navigation service providers 83 . Appendix 1. Pri

31、mary sources for funding airports 73 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ICA0 Circular 286-ATl121 OV) Chapter 4 . Capacity Management 87 Background 87 Increasing av

32、ailability of capacity 87 Economic instruments 88 Appendix 1 . Capacity management of airports . 91 Appendix 2 . Capacity management of air navigation services - Appendix 3 . Capacity management of air navigation services - approach and aerodrome levei . 99 en route level 101 Chapter 5 . Economic Re

33、gulation . 103 Background 103 Regulatorypractices 103 Who determines charges on air traffic 103 Main determinants applied in setting airport and air navigation services charges . 104 Specific regulatory provisions 105 Appendix 1 . Special regulatory provisions . 107 Attachment i . Survey Questionnai

34、re . 111 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-Chapter 1 ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT BACKGROUND 1.1 This chapter presents information on the organizational forms unde

35、r which airports and air navigation services are operated, on private involvement in airport operations and on new trends emerging in the management of airports and air navigation services. In the years since the 1991 Conference on Airport and Route Facility Management (CARFM), the pace of change in

36、 the forms underwhich airports and air navigation services operate has accelerated, leading to a wider range of ownership and control structures than existed before. To obtain the most recent information available on these issues prior to ANSConf 2000, States were requested to provide relevant infor

37、mation in a pre-conference questionnaire. In this and subsequent chapters the information obtained is presented in both global and regional terms. The data with regard to individual States (and, where relevant, to individual airports) or groups of States, can be found in the appendices to this chapt

38、er. STATE PRACTICES RELATED TO AIRPORT MANAGEMENT 1.2 Table 1-1 summarizes, by region, the ownership and operation of airports (Appendix 1 to this chapter provides the breakdown by responding States). The table and appendix show that the prevailing organizational form for the 94 States responding to

39、 the questionnaire (covering over 350 airports) was the government-owned autonomous airport entity (53 States). Second most common was the Department of Civil Aviation (26 States), followed by a ministry or other national government department (21 States), regional or municipal government (14 States

40、), and private interests operating the airpoft under a concession or leasing arrangement (13 States). The least common form was the privately owned airport entity (8 States). (The total number of States quoted exceeds 94 because of different responses for different airports in some States). The surv

41、ey also indicated that the organizational forms that were expected to grow most were government-owned autonomous entities; private interests operating the airport under a concession or leasing arrangement, and privately owned airport entities. 1.3 . Compared to the survey conducted prior to the 1991

42、 CARFM, the number of States in which airports are organized as government-owned autonomous authorities has increased notably, as has the number of States in which airports are managed by privately owned entities. 1.4 With regard to ownership of airports, 65 States reported on their current situatio

43、n and 35 States on their future plans. These States and their responses are set out .in Appendix 2 to this chapter. From the responses it appears that 34 maior airports in the world (in 14 States located mainly in Europe, Africa, and AsialPacific) are currently owned by private interests either comp

44、letely (1 6 airports) or in part (9 airports where private interests have a majority holding and 9 where private interests have a minority holding). The large majority of airports remain under government or public ownership either wholly or through a majority holding. As to the future, tentative ind

45、ications are that private involvements in ownership will increase most in Europe, although plans to that effect are also under active consideration in the Caribbean, Central and South AmenCa and the Asia and Pacific regions. Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under l

46、icense with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-2 ICA0 Circular 286-AT1727 Region Table 1-1. Ownership and operation of airports (current and planned) Number of Passenger Cargo Gmund Air traffic security States terminal terminal handling control servi

47、ces Other Governmentowned autonomous entity No. of municipal leasing Primteiy owned AsiaPacific 15 10 4 62 31201 23323 Middle East 8 23 50 1100000000 Africa 23 15 4 61 401 o2 32 120 Europe 32 20 5 5 110 7 9 3 4 11 3 6 2 2 NorthAmerica 2 O0 O0 O01 11 00000 Caribbean, Centrai and SouthAmerica 14 62 42

48、 301 o 5 -5 o 100 TOTAL 94 53 18 26 6 21 9 14 4 13 21 8 11 6 5 1.5 The survey also sought to establish where prvate domestic andlor foreign interests own and/or operate major airport areas or services. The responses showed that while the number of privately owned airport authorities remains somewhat

49、 limited at present, there were two major airport areas or services, as indicated by region in Table 1-2, where private interests were involved in ownership andlor operation to a noticeable extent. These areas were, in descending order, ground handling (73 States) and cargo terminals (66 States), confirming trends clearly est