IESNA DG-19-2008 Design Guide for Roundabout Lighting《环形路照明用设计指南》.pdf

1、PREPARED BYIES DG-19-08Prepared byThe Roundabout Lighting Subcommittee of the IESRoadway Lighting CommitteeDesign Guide for Roundabout LightingIES DG-19-08Design Guide forRoundabout LightingPublication of this CommitteeReport has been approvedby the IES. Suggestions for revisions should be directedt

2、o the IES.Prepared by:The Roundabout Lighting Subcommittee of the IESRoadway Lighting CommitteeCopyright 2008 by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America.Approved by the IES Board of Directors February 23, 2008, as a Transaction of the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America.A

3、ll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in any electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the IES.Published by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 120 Wall Street, New York, New York 10005.IES Standards and

4、Guides are developed through committee consensus and produced by the IES Office in New York. Careful attention is given to style and accuracy. If any errors are noted in this document, please forward them to Rita Harrold, Director Educational and Technical Development, at the above address for verif

5、ication and correction. The IES welcomes and urges feedback and comments. ISBN# 978-0-87995-224-2Printed in the United States of America.IES DG-19-08DISCLAIMERIES publications are developed through the consensus standards development process approved by the American National Standards Institute. Thi

6、s process brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus on lighting recommendations. While the IES administers the process and establishes policies and procedures to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it makes no guar-anty or warranty as

7、to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein. The IES disclaims liability for any injury to persons or property or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, o

8、r reliance on this documentIn issuing and making this document available, the IES is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is the IES undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this docum

9、ent should rely on his or her own independent judg-ment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances.The IES has no power, nor does it undertake, to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this doc

10、u-ment. Nor does the IES list, certify, test or inspect products, designs, or installations for compliance with this document. Any certification or statement of compliance with the requirements of this document shall not be attributable to the IES and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or

11、 maker of the statement.IES DG-19-08Prepared by the Roundabout Lighting Subcommittee of the IES Roadway Lighting CommitteeRoundabout Lighting SubcommitteeBalu Ananthanarayanan, ChairS. S. AhmedC. K. Andersen*P. Arumugasaamy J. A. BastianpillaiP. G. Contos K. W. FoxM. FreedmanR. C. Gupta J. M. HartP.

12、 HassonJ. A. HavardS. N. Lansford P. LutkevichL. RodegerdtsP. P. Sabau R. N. Schwab A. D. SilbigerJ. A. Simmers*S. G. SpitulskiR. E. StarkC. P. Watson* Advisory MembersW. K. AdrianM. A. Aitkenhead* B. AnanthanarayananS. W. Annoh*C. K. AndersenJ. D. Armstrong P. Arumugasaamy T. BakerT. Baker *J. A Ba

13、stianpillaiJ. A.Bloomfield*G. BradfordR. A. BradfordS. Braun*M. Bucci*K. A. BurkettE. Cacique*C. R. Chadwick*B. T. Chau*G. ChelvanayagamA. P. Cheng*V. CimminoR. D. Clear D. L. CrawfordS. Davis*J. E. Degnan*J. M. DoyleM. A. Dudas*M. FeeT. T. Fenimore K. W. FoxM. FreedmanM. Gabriel*R. B. GibbonsR. L.

14、HammG. Harlow*J. B. Harvey*G. A. Hauser*J. A. HavardW. A. HughesJ. F. Hunter*R. G, IrvineR. W. KauffmanD. M. KeithE. J. KramerJ. P. Kroll*S. N. Lansford*J. F. Laporte*L. E. Leetzow*O. Letamendi*J. Levy*I. LewinT. K. Li*D. Line*L. K. Livingston*P. LutkevichD. MaceM. N. MaltezosD. S. McLean*C. Miller*

15、K. MolloyD. R. MonahanC. B Mondesir*R. G. MonsoorK. NegashH. A. OdleC. A. Pekar*J. L. PimentaR. RainerP. H. ReedP. P. SabauS. Schmidt*C. Shaflik*A. D. SilbigerJ. F. SimardW. A. Smelser*S. G. SpitulskiR. E. Stark R. StemprokD. C. Strong*M. TedescoC. V. Thomas*R. Topalova*P. Van Der PolR. L. VincentJ.

16、 D. WaltersC. P. WatsonJ. T. WeaverS. D. WegnerR. W. Yeager*Advisory MembersIES Roadway Lighting CommitteeR. C. Gupta, ChairJ. M. Hart, Vice ChairN. Dittmann, SecretaryE. H. Morel, TreasurerJohn B. ArensPaul C. BoxJack C. BusserMichael CanavanPeter G. Contos Charles W. Craig Kenneth E. Fairbanks Don

17、ald E. HusbyMichael S. JanoffJames E. JewellMerle E. Keck Richard C. LeVere James R. McCormickSamuel W. McKnight John F. MeyersJohn J. MickelCharles A. OerkvitzDonald W. OkonEdward C. RowsellRichard N. SchwabVernon H. WaightHonorary MembersMembersMembersContents1.0 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . .

18、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 Key Dimensions and Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.2 Roundabouts and Other Circular Interse

19、ctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.3 Roundabout Traffic Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.0 Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.1 Roundabouts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.2 Roadway Related Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.0 Roundabout Design Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.1 General Considerations for Illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.0 Lighting Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.1 Horizontal Illuminance Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23、. . . . . . . . . 64.2 Vertical Illuminance Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.3 Pole Placement Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.0 Calculation Gri

24、ds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25、9Annex A - Roundabout Calculation Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101IES DG-19-081.0 INTRODUCTIONPurposeThe purpose of this document is to provide recom-mendations for the lighting of roundabouts. In the US Federal Highway Administr

26、ation publication FHWA-RD-00-067, Roundabouts; An Informational Guide1it states:“For a roundabout to operate satisfactorily, a driver must be able to enter the roundabout, move through the circulating traffic, and separate from the circulating stream in a safe and efficient manner. To accomplish thi

27、s, a driver must be able to perceive the general lay-out and operation of the intersection in time to make the appropriate maneuvers. Adequate lighting should therefore be provided at all roundabouts.”This document therefore defines light levels within the roundabout, and vertical light levels at lo

28、cations where pedestrians are present. Other considerations are discussed including glare, light trespass, and pole placement to help achieve proper lighting and to bet-ter define the traffic elements within the roundabout.GeneralA modern roundabout is a form of circular intersection distinguished f

29、rom other circular intersections in three principal ways. First, all traffic entering the intersec-tion must yield to traffic already circulating within the circulatory roadway. Second, approaches or “legs” of the roundabout are channelized, most often with raised splitter islands, forcing entering

30、vehicles to deflect to the right on entry. Third, appropriate geo-metric curvature is provided to ensure that travel speeds at entrances and on the circulatory roadway are less than 50 km/h (30 mph). Figure 1 provides an illustration of a typical single lane roundabout. According to the FHWA Roundab

31、outs: An Informational Guide,1due to a great reduction in the number of conflict points as well as the low absolute and relative speeds between various vehicles, roundabouts, in particular single lane roundabouts, have been proven to be significantly safer than traditional signal or stop controlled

32、intersections (see Figure 2). Physical features of a roundabout usually include raised splitter islands between entering and exiting traf-fic, a raised center island, yield lines as well as edge line markings, unique signing, and when appropriate, pedestrian features (sidewalks, ramps, crosswalks),

33、and illumination. Though advisory speeds may be posted, speeds are not set through signing. Speeds through a roundabout are self-enforced by the geom-etry of the raised features. Other features not common to all roundabouts but often necessary include truck aprons and entry flares. Truck-aprons are

34、generally slightly raised above the rest of the roadway, but are mountable and traversable by the rear wheels of larger vehicles that cant track within the normal striped lane. Entry widths have a greater effect on roundabout capacity than any other single feature. The approach roadway thus often fl

35、ares out just ahead of the roundabout for a wider entry width. The width of the circular road-way is generally constant and at least as wide as the widest entry.Bicyclists should mix with vehicle traffic as expe-rienced riders can generally attain speeds similar to motor vehicles within roundabouts.

36、 Approach designs often provide for children and less capable bicyclists to exit the roadway and cross as pedes-trians. Bicycle lanes are not allowed (Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) 2003 Edition, November 20042) on the circular roadway within a modern roundabout. Good design and o

37、peration also dictates that no parking be allowed along or in close proximity to the circular roadway. As well, central islands should be designed to discourage pedestrian activity. Although central islands and to a lesser degree splitter islands can be landscaped, often extensively, landscap-ing mu

38、st be done with critical attention being paid to stopping sight lines, intersection sight triangles (including a clear view of pedestrian crosswalks and ramps), and clear zones for errant vehicles. Well over half the crashes in roundabouts result from drivers either failing to yield to circulating t

39、raffic or single vehicle crashes with roadside curbs or other obstacles. Figure 1. Key Roundabout Features2IES DG-19-08Pedestrian crosswalks generally are located 20 to 50 feet (6 to 15 meters) back from the entry yield line and typically cut through the splitter island at grade. Crosswalk designs r

40、equire detectable warnings (e.g., truncated domes) aligned perpendicular to the cross-walk on either side of the splitter island as well as near the bottom of ramps entering and exiting the street.The FHWA Guide1states that for satisfactory opera-tion, drivers must be able to enter the roundabout, m

41、ove through circulating traffic, and separate from the circulating traffic in a safe and efficient manner. To accomplish this, drivers must be able to perceive the general layout and operation of the intersection in time to take appropriate maneuvers. A clear view of pedestrian activity is also of g

42、reat importance. Good delineation (e.g., pavement mark-ings, and signage) should be provided at all round-abouts. Lighting should be provided. 1.2 Roundabouts and Other CircularIntersectionsCurrent roundabout designs should not be confused with other kinds of circular intersections, most notably rot

43、aries and neighborhood traffic circles. Some of the factors that separate a roundabout from other circular intersections include:* Diameter. A roundabout typically will have a smaller radius than other circular intersections. The larger diameters in other circular intersections can lead to speeds wi

44、thin the circulatory roadway that exceed 50 km/h (30 mph). In addition, larger diameters typically provide little or no horizontal deflection of the paths of through traffic.* Yield to the left. Roundabouts require drivers entering the circulatory roadway to yield to circulating vehicles on their le

45、ft. This is counter to traditional “yield to the right” rules of the road. Some other circular intersections may operate by requiring circulating traffic to yield to entering traffic - i.e., yield to the right.* Traffic calming and aesthetics. The primary purpose of a roundabout is to provide safe a

46、nd 1.1 Key Dimensions and CategoriesThe FHWA1promotes six categories of round-abouts with the basic design characteristics as shown in the chart immediately below:Figure 2. Vehicle Conflict Points FHWA Roundabouts: An Informational Guide Exhibit 5-23IES DG-19-08efficient operation at an intersection

47、. Though it can be aesthetically pleasing, it is not necessarily built for that purpose. Likewise, a roundabout should not generally be considered a traffic calming feature. Other circular intersections are built solely for reasons of traffic calming and/or aesthetics. * Traffic control. Roundabouts

48、 are yield controlled only. At other circular intersections, the approaches may be uncontrolled or stop-controlled. * Channelization. Channelization is always provided at a roundabout and is most often raised, but many other circular intersections do not typically include raised channelization to gu

49、ide the approaching driver onto the circulatory roadway. * Left turning movements. Traffic flow on a roundabout is always counterclockwise for left hand drive countries. These geometric and operational characteristics of roundabouts require different lighting techniques from those of other circular intersections therefore this document only provides guidance for the lighting of roundabouts.1.3 Roundabout Traffic OperationsRoundabouts are one of several roadway intersec-tion types. Other types include cross-intersection, T-intersection, Y-intersect