IMO TA307E-2004 Hull and Structural Surveys.pdf

1、MODEL COURSE C JJLL AND STRUCTUZAL 2004 Edition INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION MODEL COURSE 3.07 HULL AND STRUCTURAL SURVEYS 2004 Edition Model course developed under the IMO - IACS Programme INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION London, 2004 First published in 1992 by the INTERNATIONAL MARITIME

2、ORGANIZATION 4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR Revised edition 2004 Printed in the United Kingdom by lntype Libra 2 4 6 8 10 9 7 5 3 1 I IMO PUBLICATION I I Sales number: TA307E I ISBN 92-801-4188-0 Copyright 0 IMO 2004 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in

3、a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from the International Maritime Organization. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This course on hull and structural surveys is based on ma

4、terial developed for IMO, under contract, by IACS. IMO expresses its sincere appreciation to IACS. Foreword Since its inception, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has recognized the importance of human resources to the development of the maritime industry and has given the highest priori

5、ty to assisting developing countries in enhancing their maritime training capabilities through the provision or improvement of maritime training facilities at national and regional levels. IMO has also responded to the needs of developing countries for postgraduate training for senior personnel in a

6、dministrations, ports, shipping companies and maritime training institutes by establishing the world Maritime University in Malmo, Sweden, in 1983. Following the adoption of the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW), 1978, a number of

7、IMO Member Governments suggested that IMO should develop model training courses to assist in the implementation of the Convention and in achieving a more rapid transfer of information and skills regarding new developments in maritime technology. IMO training advisers and consultants also subsequentl

8、y determined from their visits to training establishments in developing countries that the provision of model courses could help instructors improve the quality of their existing courses and enhance their implementation of associated Conference and IMO Assembly resolutions. In addition, it was appre

9、ciated that a comprehensive set of short model courses in various fields of maritime training would supplement the instruction provided by maritime academies and allow administrators and technical specialists already employed in maritime administrations, ports and shipping companies to improve their

10、 knowledge and skills in certain specialized fields. With the generous assistance of the Government of Norway, IMO developed model courses in response to these generally identified needs and now keeps them updated through a regular revision process, taking into account any amendments to the requirem

11、ents prescribed in IMO instruments and any technological developments in the field. These model courses may be used by any training institution and, when the requisite financing is available, the Organization is prepared to assist developing countries in implementing any course. E. E. MITROPOULOS Se

12、cretary-General . Ill CONTENTS Introduction Part A: Course Framework Part B: Part C: Detailed Teaching Syllabus Part D: Instructor Manual Course Outline and Timetable Appendix 1 : Guidance for Practical Application Appendix 2: Plates Eva I ua t ion Part E: Annex: IMO resolution A.948(23) Revised Sur

13、vey Guidelines nder the Harmonized System of Survey and Certification / Guidance on the implementation of model courses Page 1 3 7 9 41 51 65 125 129 263 Previous page is blank V INTRODUCTION Purpose of the Model Courses The purpose of the IMO model courses is to assist maritime training institutes

14、and their teaching staff in organizing and introducing new training courses, or in enhancing, updating or supplementing existing training material where the quality and effectiveness of the training courses may thereby be improved. It is not the intention of the model course programme to present ins

15、tructors with a rigid “teaching package” which they are expected to “follow blindly”. Nor is it the intention to substitute audiovisual or “programmed” material for an instructor. As in all training endeavours, the knowledge, skills and dedication of the instructor are the key components in the tran

16、sfer of knowledge and skills to those being trained through IMO model course material. Because educational systems and the cultural backgrounds of trainees in maritime subjects vary considerably from country to country, the model course material has been designed to identify the basic entry requirem

17、ents and trainee target group for each course in universally applicable terms, and to specify clearly the technical intent of IMO conventions and related recommendations. . Use of the Model Course To use the model course the instructor should review the course plan and detailed syllabus, taking into

18、 account the information provided under the entry standards specified in the course framework. The actual level of knowledge and skills and prior technical education of the trainees should be kept in mind during this review, and any areas within the detailed syllabus which may cause difficulties bec

19、ause of differences between the actual trainee entry level and that assumed by the course designer should be identified. To compensate for such differences, the instructor is expected to delete from the course, or reduce the emphasis on, items dealing with knowledge or skills already attained by the

20、 trainees. He should also identify any academic knowledge, skills or technical training which they may not have acquired. By analysing the detailed syllabus and the academic knowledge required to allow training in the technical area to proceed, the instructor can design an appropriate pre-entry cour

21、se or, alternatively, insert the elements of academic knowledge required to support the technical training elements concerned at appropriate points within the tech n ica I course . Adjustment of the course objectives, scope and content may also be necessary if in our maritime industry the trainees c

22、ompleting the course are to undertake duties which differ from the course objectives specified in the model course. Within the course plan the course designers have indicated their assessment of the time which should be allotted to each learning area. However, it must be appreciated that these alloc

23、ations are arbitrary and assume that the trainees have fully met all the entry requirements of the course. The instructor should therefore 1 HULL AND STRUCTURAL SURVEYS review these assessments and may need to reallocate the time required to achieve each specific learning objective. Lesson Plans Hav

24、ing adjusted the course content to suit the trainee intake and any revision of the course objectives, the instructor should draw up lesson plans based on the detailed syllabus. The detailed syllabus contains specific references to the textbooks or teaching material proposed to be used in the course.

25、 An example of a lesson plan is shown in the instructor manual, part D. Where no adjustment has been found necessary in the learning objectives of the detailed syllabus, the lesson plans may simply consist of the detailed syllabus with keywords or other reminders added to assist the instructor in ma

26、king his presentation of the material. Presentation The presentation of concepts and methodologies must be repeated in various ways until the instructor is satisfied that the trainee has attained each specific learning objective. The syllabus is laid out in learning objective format and each objecti

27、ve specifies what the trainee must be able to do as the learning outcome. Evaluation or Assessment of Trainee Progress Guidance on evaluation or assessment of trainees is given in part E of the course. The practical assignments in course manual part D/appendix 1 may be sufficient to provide the info

28、rmation which will show how effective the transfer of knowledge and understanding has been. . Implementation For the course to run smoothly and to be effective, considerable attention must be paid to the availability and use of: 0 properly qualified instructors 0 supportstaff rooms and other spaces

29、0 equipment 0 textbooks, technical papers; and 0 other reference material Thorough preparation is the key to successful implementation of the course. The booklet entitled “Guidance on the implementation of IMO model courses”, which deals with this aspect in greater detail, is included in at the end

30、of this course. 2 PART A: COURSE FRAMEWORK 1. Scope The main concern of the course is the verification of compliance with the requirements in IMO Conventions regarding the safety of ships, navigation, environment and life at sea. It covers the requirements for hull structures at Initial, Annual, Int

31、ermediate, Periodical and Renewal and Additional Surveys as specified in the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 (SOLAS 74) as amended up to the Protocol of 1988, and related documents and in the International Load Line Convention 1966 (LL 66) and amendments including the Pr

32、otocol of 1988, together with the necessary procedures for the verification of these requirements, including: suggested procedures for carrying out Convention requirements and detailed further “Guidance” or “Recommendation” type documents to the convention; suggested acceptance criteria, i.e. standa

33、rds, parameters or guidance towards acceptance of the requirements; any other guidance and/or standards necessary for orientation and the satisfactory determination of these survey requirements. The relevant conditions have been considered with the aim of issuing relevant certificates, defined by th

34、e Conventions and those which are essentially connected with valid classification certificates. The course does not cover preliminary design or plan approvals and metallurgical material tests. Nor does it cover the survey or examination of chemical tankers and gas carriers other than citing inspecti

35、on details for annual surveys. Special purpose ships or mobile off-shore units are not covered by this course. The course should be supplemented by on-the-job training under super-vision of experienced ship surveyors. 2. Objectives The course should enable those successfully completing it: (1) to ev

36、aluate or conduct on behalf of their Administrations the surveys and inspections required by SOLAS 74 as amended and LL 1966 as amended in respect of the ships hull with regard to the arrangement of structural members, material, scantlings, deck and bulkhead openings, tanks, hull piping and valve se

37、a connections, rudders and the anchoring and mooring equipment; 3 HULL AND STRUCTURAL SURVEYS to apply the technical requirements of SOLAS and LL regulations; to report as necessary on the results of such surveys and inspections to enable the Administration to issue or renew in respect of the ship c

38、oncerned a Passenger Ship Safety Certificate or a Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate and its Supplement, or alternatively the Cargo Ship Safety Certificate, as appropriate, taking into account the reports of surveys or inspections of the hull, materials, structure and equipment in respect of

39、 which the certificate is to be issued; and to issue or endorse the attachment to the above mentioned Cargo Ship Safety (Construction) Certificate; to identify, specify and require repair or replacements in the above regards which may be necessary to permit issue or endorsement of the above certific

40、ates, supplement and attachments as appropriate; and to monitor the conduct and effectiveness of surveys and inspections of the above nature carried out on behalf of the Administration under delegated authority. 3. Entry Standard Those wishing to enter this course should hold an appropriate qualific

41、ation in naval architecture or a certificate as chief engineer or hold an equivalent qualification and have experience in the structural survey, construction or repair of ships. Note: The course may also be utilized in cross training ship surveyors experienced in other disciplines. 4. Certificate, D

42、iploma or Document A certificate or document should be issued to each trainee who has satisfactorily completed the course. Authorization to conduct ship surveys should only be granted following successful completion of appropriate on-the-job training. 5. Student Number Limitations While there is no

43、limitation on the number of students participating in lectures, the ratio of students to instructors and tutors should not exceed 20:l in tutorial sessions and 1O:l in laboratory sessions. 1 The procedures and acceptance criteria described in the course are not to be construed as providing authorita

44、tive interpretations of the Conventions. 4 PART A: COURSE FRAMEWORK 6. Staff Requirements The instructors in practical surveying aspects should be fully qualified surveyors in the disciplines concerned and should normally have had five or more years of practical experience in surveying ships hull an

45、d structural elements. Those teaching the administrative aspects of survey control should also be experienced in these regards. 7. Teaching Facilities and Equipment For tutorial sessions ordinary classroom facilities and an overhead projector are sufficient. When audio-visual material is used, the a

46、ppropriate equipment must be available. For practical training, visits to ships are essential. If these can be arranged, suitable protective clothing, tools and other equipment used for inspection and survey work will be required. Additionally, it would be convenient to use a video camera and a moni

47、tor with the proper equipment for case studies and on-the-job training to reflect the human behaviour of each of the trainees when joining people at work and when measurements are performed under actual conditions. Separate rooms equipped with a table and chairs to accommodate three or four groups o

48、f trainees during case studies and group assignments will be needed. Each room should be provided with paper and material for producing overhead transparencies. 8. Teaching Aids Essential teaching aids are: 0 Instructor Manual, in particular part D of the course, 0 Overhead projection transparencies

49、 (OHPs). The plates in section D of the Model Course can be used for making overhead transparencies. Enlargement of intersections may greatly assist the instruction process, therefore a copying machine with possibility to enlarge drawings or sections of drawings would be useful. The literature listed in the Bibliography section of the Compendium may be used as reference and in support of the descriptions given in the Compendium. 9. Training Aids Any models of ships or ship sections, hatch covers, windlasses and/or other deck equipment, construction drawings are useful training aids. Also sa