INTERN CEMS A-31 PART I-2009 Steel Bolts and Studs Includes Appendix February 2009《钢制螺栓和螺柱 包含附录 2009-02》.pdf

1、This document is restricted and may not be sent outside Navistar, Inc. or reproduced without permission from Corporate Technical Standards. Suppliers are required to assume all patent liability. 2009 by Navistar, Inc. APRIL 2009 Page 1 of 28 NAVISTAR, INC. CEMS (CORPORATE ENGINEERING MATERIAL SPECIF

2、ICATION) NUMBER: CEMS A-31, Part I TITLE: Steel Bolts and Studs CURRENT ISSUE DATE: April 2009 WRITTEN/REVIEWED BY: Materials Engineering APPROVED BY: Materials Engineering SUPERSEDES ISSUE OF: February 2009 PRINTED COPIES OF THIS DOCUMENT MUST BE VERIFIED FOR CURRENT REVISION This specification may

3、 involve hazardous materials, equipment, and procedures. This specification does not purport to address all of the safety issues associated with its use. The user is responsible to consult appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limits prior to use. C

4、hange Notice: Corrected Figures 1-13; revised Note 2 in Table Ia. CEMS A-31, STEEL BOLTS, STUDS, AND NUTS This specification is in two parts: Part I - Steel Bolts and Studs Part II- Steel Nuts PART I STEEL BOLTS AND STUDS (Includes Inch and Metric Fasteners) 1.0 SCOPE This specification covers the C

5、orporations requirements for the material and properties of steel bolts and studs. Dimensional requirements and general specifications for standard bolts are covered in the Engineering Standard Parts (ESP) book, Section B. Nonstandard bolts and studs will be covered by engineering drawings which sho

6、uld refer to this specification for material and property requirements. For purposes of this specification, the term “bolts“ also includes cap screws and SEMS (i.e., term used to describe screw and washer assemblies); the term studs also includes quenched and tempered U-bolts. 2.0 INTRODUCTION This

7、specification provides guidance to the selection and use of fasteners in Navistar design. Bolted joints are used extensively in the assembly of our products and provide for adjustment, replacement and ease of repair. Material properties of both inch and metric fasteners are described in this specifi

8、cation. 2.1 Restricted Chemical Substances Effective January 1, 2007, all product supplied to the requirements of this specification must comply with the requirements of the CEMS B-50 specification. 3.0 CONTENTS PAGE CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION 2 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION 6 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 7

9、METALLURGICAL REQUIREMENTS 15 HEAT TREATMENT 22 QUALITY 22 METHODS OF TEST 23 DESIGNATION ON DRAWINGS 28 PACKAGING AND SHIPPING 28 APPENDIX - Not a Requirement Green Sheets Copyright Navistar International Corporation Provided by IHS under license with INTERNNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networki

10、ng permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NUMBER: CEMS A-31, Part I TITLE Steel Bolts and Studs CURRENT ISSUE DATE: APRIL 2009 This document is restricted and may not be sent outside Navistar, Inc. or reproduced without permission from Corporate Technical Standards. Suppliers are required to assume

11、all patent liability. 2009 by Navistar, Inc. APRIL 2009 Page 2 of 28 4.0 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS Unless otherwise specified, the latest issue of all referenced standards shall apply. The following standards, specifications and regulations are referenced in this specification. Quality System Standard ISO

12、 9001 or TS-16949 ASME B1.1 ASTM E 8 ISO 965-1 ASTM E 18 NAVISTAR Manufacturing Std. MS-D-13 ISO 898-1 ASTM E 112 NAVISTAR CEMS AT-2 ASTM A 307 ASTM F 568M NAVISTAR Eng. Procedural Std EPS-61 ASTM A 325 ASTM F 606M NAVISTAR CEMS G-1 ASTM A 354 SAE J429 NAVISTAR CEMS G-18 ASTM A 370 SAE J121 NAVISTAR

13、 CEMS G-19 ASTM A 449 SAE J123 NAVISTAR CEMS G-20 ASTM A 490 SAE J417 NAVISTAR CEMS B-50 CFR Title 29, Part 1910 ASTM E 3 SAE J1061 5.0 CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION 5.1 Classification Steel bolts and studs are classified, or graded, on the basis of their mechanical properties. Increasing Class

14、or Type numbers correspond to increasing tensile strength requirements. Suffix letters or numbers are used to denote physical, chemical or other property variations of fasteners within the same strength classification. 5.2 Identification Identification requirements for each Navistar Type or Class ar

15、e shown in Tables I, Ia, and Ib. All standard and/or special bolts, except Type I, will have permanent, legible, head markings (raised or depressed) to indicate bolt Type or Class as shown in Tables I, Ia, and Ib. A manufacturers identification symbol, which uniquely identifies the manufacturer, wil

16、l be included and should preferably be in the center of the head. For Types 8R and 9R, the manufacturers identification symbol must be in the center of the head. The symbol must not exceed 0.4 mm (0.016 inch) in height, nor be of length greater than 33% of the dimension across flats. 5.3 Manufacture

17、rs Identification Specific requirements for the registry of manufacturers identification symbols may be established by regulatory controls. Manufacturers identification symbols used on Navistar fasteners must comply with all established regulatory controls. Copyright Navistar International Corporati

18、on Provided by IHS under license with INTERNNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NUMBER: CEMS A-31, Part I TITLE Steel Bolts and Studs CURRENT ISSUE DATE: APRIL 2009 This document is restricted and may not be sent outside Navistar, Inc. or reproduced wit

19、hout permission from Corporate Technical Standards. Suppliers are required to assume all patent liability. 2009 by Navistar, Inc. APRIL 2009 Page 3 of 28 TABLE I CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATIONINCH FASTENERS Designation Material Type (2) Thermal Treatment (2) Head Marking Navistar Obsolete IH Type

20、 Approx. SAE J429 Grade Approx. ASTM (Bolts Only) Type * Product 1 Bolts Screws Studs 2 (1) A 307 Low or Medium Carbon Steel None None 5 Bolts Screws Studs 2 5 A 325 Type 1, or A 449 Medium Carbon Steel (3) Quench and Tempered 5.1 SEMS - 5.1 - Low or Medium Carbon Steel (3) 5.2 Bolts Screws 5B 5.2 A

21、 325, Type 2 Low Carbon Boron Steel 8 Bolts Screws Studs 3, 4 8 A 354, Grade BD, or A 490 Medium Carbon or Medium Carbon Alloy Steel (4) Quench and Tempered 8.2 Bolts Screws 8B 8.2 Low Carbon Boron Steel 8.1* Studs 4E or 8E 8.1 1541 Modified or 4145 Modified Steel Elevated Temperature Drawn None * B

22、olts in sizes through inch with lengths through 6 inches will be roll threaded unless otherwise specified. * Studs only (includes U-bolts) (1) SAE Grade 2 is not applicable to Type 1 studs over inch diameter. (2) For detailed chemical composition and heat treatment requirements, see Table II for Che

23、mical Composition and Table VIII for Heat Treatment requirements. (3) For Type 5 and 5.1 fasteners, medium carbon boron or medium carbon alloy steels may be used at the suppliers option. (4) When agreed to by manufacturer and purchaser, medium carbon steel may be used for products 7/16 inch in nomin

24、al diameter and smaller, and medium carbon boron steel may be used for products 1 inch in nominal diameter and smaller. Copyright Navistar International Corporation Provided by IHS under license with INTERNNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NUMBER: CEM

25、S A-31, Part I TITLE Steel Bolts and Studs CURRENT ISSUE DATE: APRIL 2009 This document is restricted and may not be sent outside Navistar, Inc. or reproduced without permission from Corporate Technical Standards. Suppliers are required to assume all patent liability. 2009 by Navistar, Inc. APRIL 20

26、09 Page 4 of 28 TABLE Ia CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATIONMETRIC FASTENERS Designation Nom.Size Material Type (1) Thermal Treatment (1) Head Marking (2) Navistar Class * Approximate Preferred Optional ISO 898-1 ASTM F568M 5.8 (3) 5.8 5.8 M5 thru M24 Low or Medium Carbon Steel None Required 8.8 8.8 8

27、.8 M1.5 thru M36 Medium Carbon or Medium Carbon Boron or Medium Carbon Alloy Steel or Low Carbon Boron Steel Quench and Tempered 9.8 (4) (5) 9.8 M1.6 thru M16 10.9 10.9 10.9 M6 thru M36 * Bolts in sizes through 20 mm with lengths through 150 mm will be roll threaded unless otherwise specified. (1) F

28、or detailed chemical composition and heat treatment requirements, see see Table IIa for Chemical Composition and Table VIII for Heat Treatment requirements. (2) When low carbon boron steels are used for fastener sizes thru M20 in classes 8.8 and 9.8, the symbol will be underlined (e.g., 8.8, 9.8). (

29、3) Class 5.8 requirements apply to bolts and screws with lengths of 150 mm and shorter and to studs of all lengths. (4) Not to be specified for new designs. Class 9.8 is an acceptable alternate to Class 8.8 to assure maximum material availability in North America (5) For Class 9.8 SEMS base metal ha

30、rdness may be 25-40 HRC and surface hardness shall not exceed 60 HR30N. This requirement is applicable to fasteners manufactured same as SEMS except without the washer, sizes M1.6 thru M12. 5.8 Copyright Navistar International Corporation Provided by IHS under license with INTERNNot for ResaleNo rep

31、roduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NUMBER: CEMS A-31, Part I TITLE Steel Bolts and Studs CURRENT ISSUE DATE: APRIL 2009 This document is restricted and may not be sent outside Navistar, Inc. or reproduced without permission from Corporate Technical Standards. Suppliers ar

32、e required to assume all patent liability. 2009 by Navistar, Inc. APRIL 2009 Page 5 of 28 TABLE Ib CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION-SPECIAL USE FASTENERS Navistar Designation * Type of Material * Thermal Treatment * Head Marking (1) Preferred Optional Class INCH FASTENERS 8 R (2) Medium Carbon or M

33、edium Carbon Alloy Steel Quench and Tempered, Roll Threaded After Heat Treatment 9 (3) Medium Carbon Alloy Steel Quench and Tempered 9R (2) (3) Medium Carbon Alloy Steel Quench and Tempered, Roll Threaded After Heat Treatment Class METRIC FASTENERS 10.9R (2) Medium Carbon, Medium Carbon Alloy Steel

34、Quench and Tempered, Roll Threaded After Heat Treatment 12.9 (3) Medium Carbon Alloy Steel Quench and Tempered 12.9R (2) (3) Quench and Tempered, Roll Threaded After Heat Treatment * Bolts sizes thru M20 or inch with lengths thru 150 mm or 6 inches will be roll threaded unless otherwise specified. *

35、 For detailed chemical composition and heat treatment requirements, see Table IIb for Chemical Composition, and Table VIII for Heat Treatment. (1) Head marking for identification is mandatory as described in Section 5.3. Where an optional head marking is not indicated, the preferred head marking is

36、required. (2) When roll threading after heat treatment is required, roll threading will be accomplished in one pass; no rerolling permitted. Normally, roll threaded after heat treatment bolts are specified for special applications requiring enhanced fatigue resistance. Typically, these bolts are des

37、igned and specified with special configurational refinements that increase fatigue life. The usage of bolts roll threaded after heat treatment (8R, 10.9R, 9R, or 12.9R) is allowed after consultation with Design Analysis and Materials Engineering. These fasteners are associated with cost penalties. (

38、3) Applications for Type 9 and Class 12.9 Hex Headed fasteners should be minimized. These fasteners require approval from Design Analysis and Materials Engineering. The capability of the bolt manufacturer and the anticipated in-use environment must be considered. These products require rigid product

39、ion controls and may be susceptible to stress corrosion cracking in certain environments. Copyright Navistar International Corporation Provided by IHS under license with INTERNNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NUMBER: CEMS A-31, Part I TITLE Steel Bol

40、ts and Studs CURRENT ISSUE DATE: APRIL 2009 This document is restricted and may not be sent outside Navistar, Inc. or reproduced without permission from Corporate Technical Standards. Suppliers are required to assume all patent liability. 2009 by Navistar, Inc. APRIL 2009 Page 6 of 28 6.0 GENERAL RE

41、QUIREMENTS 6.1 Chemical Composition Bolts and studs purchased to this specification will conform to the limits and requirements shown in Tables II, IIa, and IIb (Chemical Composition, Inch Fasteners; Chemical Composition, Metric Fasteners; and Chemical Composition, Special Use Fasteners). Fasteners

42、in any one container will consist of only one nominal steel analysis. TABLE II. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION *, INCH FASTENERS Navistar Type Approx SAE J429 Grade Nominal Diameter, Inches Elemental Composition, weight percent (Max, except where shown as min or range) Deoxidation Practice Carbon Phosphorus S

43、ulfur Alloys * BOLTS 1 2 - 1.5 0.15- 0.55 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 Optional Optional 5 5 All 0.26-0.55 0.05 0.06 Optional Fully Killed 5.1 5.1 No.4 thru 5/8 0.15-0.55 Optional Fully Killed, Fine Grain (1) 5.2 5. 2 Optional: Thru 1 dia 0.15-0.25 Optional 8 (3) (4) 8 Under additional variations for check a

44、nalysis do not apply. Use of steels to which bismuth, selenium, tellurium, or lead has been intentionally added is not permitted for Types 5 or 8 bolts or studs. * Refers to alloying elements: Mn, Ni, Cu, Cr, Mo, and B. For boron steels, B = 0.0005 - 0.003. For Type 5 and 5.1 fasteners, medium carbo

45、n boron or medium carbon alloy steels may be used at the suppliers option. (1) Austenitic grain size will be 5 or finer as determined by the McQuaid-Ehn, Test Method AT-2 or other suitable test (occasional grains as large as 3 are permissible). In the event of controversy, the McQuaid-Ehn test per A

46、STM E 112, Appendix III will be the referee method with any modifications as may be noted. (2) Use of Type 8.2 requires prior approval by Engineering. Tempering temperature is 650F, instead of the regular 800F (3) Steel for Type 8 bolts and studs will have sufficient hardenability to produce the req

47、uired microstructure at the center of the threaded section, one diameter from the end of the bolt or stud as specified in Section 6.4, Heat Treatment. (4) Medium carbon or medium carbon alloy steel required, unless deviation in steel composition is approved by the controlling design engineering department. When agreed to by manufacturer and purchaser, medium carbon steel may be used for products 7/16 inch in nominal diameter and smaller, and medium carbon boron steel may be used for products 1 inch in nominal diameter and smaller. (5) M