1、 Recommendation ITU-R SM.1537-1(08/2013)Automation and integration of spectrum monitoring systems with automatedspectrum managementSM SeriesSpectrum managementii Rec. ITU-R SM.1537-1 Foreword The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use
2、 of the radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and
3、 Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Annex 1 of Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the
4、 submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http:/www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found. Series of IT
5、U-R Recommendations (Also available online at http:/www.itu.int/publ/R-REC/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadcasting service (sound) BT Broadcasting service (television) F Fixed service M Mobile, radiodetermination,
6、 amateur and related satellite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems SM Spectrum management SNG Satellite ne
7、ws gathering TF Time signals and frequency standards emissions V Vocabulary and related subjects Note: This ITU-R Recommendation was approved in English under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1. Electronic Publication Geneva, 2013 ITU 2013 All rights reserved. No part of this publication m
8、ay be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-R SM.1537-1 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R SM.1537-1 Automation and integration of spectrum monitoring systems with automated spectrum management (2001-2013) Scope Current technology allows most spectrum monitoring functi
9、ons, and indeed entire monitoring stations, to be highly automated, and allows spectrum monitoring systems to be highly integrated with automated spectrum management. Many activities of an automated national spectrum management system will benefit from integration with automated spectrum monitoring
10、stations. This Recommendation describes recommended functionality of these systems. The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that automated spectrum management systems are available to support administrative, licensing, engineering analysis, and monitoring control activities to simplify m
11、any of the responsibilities of administration of the radio spectrum; b) that modern computer networks allow an administrations automated spectrum management system and spectrum monitoring stations to be linked together so that a user at any operator workstation in the system can, with proper securit
12、y authorization, access all of the resources of the general spectrum management and monitoring components, allowing very flexible integrated tasking and reporting; c) that integration of the monitoring stations with the management system allows such an integrated system to perform automatic violatio
13、n detection to identify frequencies on which there are transmitters which are not included in the licence database, and to identify transmitters which are not operating within their licence parameters; d) that modern digital signal processing (DSP) techniques allow economical automation of monitorin
14、g stations, with measurements at a station performed by a small group of receivers and related electronics integrated with a computer, which reduces system cost relative to the cost of older systems which meet ITU Recommendations for minimum equipment for monitoring stations, lowers system size and
15、weight, and may simplify maintenance and training; e) that the trend in technology is towards DSP-based measurement servers which are able to provide very broad instantaneous bandwidth along with a high dynamic range, so that such systems can scan very rapidly, and effectively acquire and measure in
16、termittent, broadband and frequency agile signals; f) that modern computer graphical user interface (GUI) software allows powerful spectrum management and monitoring systems to be easy to use and easy to maintain; g) that many administrations already have computerized licence databases, from which i
17、nformation should be available to spectrum management and monitoring systems, noting a) that integrated, automated systems can process large amounts of information and measurements and draw to the attention of monitoring service operators to that data which need to be further analysed by operators,
18、so that these systems can aid operators in their work of supporting spectrum management; 2 Rec. ITU-R SM.1537-1 b) that the analysis of data from an automated system requires trained and/or experienced operators who are able to perform such analysis; c) that automatically-acquired monitoring data sh
19、ould be validated by operators before entry in a central database, recommends that administrations which perform both spectrum management and spectrum monitoring should consider using an integrated, automated system with a common relational database which provides the following functionality: Remote
20、 access to system resources Automatic violation detection Frequency assignment and licensing Tools to support spectrum engineering Automated measurement of signal parameters Automated occupancy measurements coupled with optional direction finding measurements Scheduling of measurements for immediate
21、 or future execution Modern GUI. This functionality is described and explained in more detail in Annex 1. Annex 1 addresses the benefits of automated spectrum monitoring and the integration of spectrum monitoring with automated spectrum management. Section 2 of Annex 1 notes those activities of an a
22、utomated national spectrum management system that will benefit from integration with spectrum monitoring stations. The advantages of automating entire monitoring stations are discussed in Section 3 of Annex 1. Annex 1 Automation and integration of spectrum monitoring systems with automated spectrum
23、management 1 Introduction Automation, through the use of computers, modern client/server architectures and remote communications, simplifies many of the duties and responsibilities of administration of the radio spectrum. Computerized equipment provides a means to perform mundane repetitive measurem
24、ent tasks rapidly and accurately, freeing service personnel for more demanding tasks. The use of databases and computer modelling streamlines spectrum management functions and can help prevent interference. Coupling of spectrum management and spectrum monitoring makes possible an integrated system,
25、which can automatically use measured data from the monitoring system and licence information from the management database to detect frequencies of apparent unlicensed transmissions and other licensing violations for closer examination by the operator. The integrated monitoring and management system
26、may have a central management facility, in which overall management of radio monitoring system is performed and statistical analysis of stored measurement data in the monitoring system database are available. These analysed results are utilized for spectrum management planning (for example, frequenc
27、y withdrawal and reassignment). A typical Rec. ITU-R SM.1537-1 3 integrated system diagram is presented in Fig. 1. The configuration (number of workstations at each station, number of stations, etc.), methods of communication (transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) or other protoco
28、l; use of a wide area network (WAN), the public switched telephone network (PSTN), radio or satellite) and other details will vary according to the application and available infrastructure. An alternate system configuration includes the addition of a monitoring centre that is connected directly to t
29、he monitoring stations and in turn to the management centre. FIGURE 1 Typical integrated spectrum management and monitoring system SM.1537-01Data entry Accounting EngineeringManagement centreManagementTCP/IP WANSupportFixed monitoringstationRemote monitoring station Mobile monitoring station2 Comput
30、erized management and monitoring networks 2.1 Introduction Spectrum management and monitoring includes a set of administrative and technical activities, which can be conveniently performed within the framework of an integrated and networked system. Spectrum management activities ultimately result in
31、 the issuing of licences or authorizations. To perform these management tasks, a computer database is essential. This database, which 4 Rec. ITU-R SM.1537-1 incorporates administrative and technical data such as assigned frequencies, licence holders, equipment characteristics, etc., forms the core o
32、f the computerized automated spectrum management system. Spectrum monitoring allows checking that these frequencies are used in accordance with the provisions of the authorization or licence and measures the spectrum occupancy by means of monitoring stations. An important and indissoluble relationsh
33、ip exists between spectrum management and spectrum monitoring; close cooperation should be maintained between both, so that the spectrum monitoring tasks are very useful for spectrum management. The main domains of interaction between spectrum management and spectrum monitoring are as follows: spect
34、rum management establishes the official list of assigned frequencies for emission monitoring; spectrum management provides general instructions concerning bands to be scanned and specific tasks for monitoring; spectrum monitoring receives requests for specific tasks from spectrum management: e.g. co
35、mplaints of interference to be monitored to solve the problem, and measurement of occupancy on frequencies to be assigned; spectrum monitoring allows the measurement of technical parameters and checking for technical compliance of transmitters, identification of unlicensed or non-compliant transmitt
36、ers and detection of specific problems. Interaction between spectrum management and computerized spectrum monitoring systems allows operation to be optimized both for the efficiency of operation and cost of the system. The system is organized around a computerized database and the use of personal co
37、mputers. The database is the core for all functions and associated applications: data updating, invoicing, frequency assignment, etc., as well as updating of technical parameters concerning frequencies and transmitters. 2.2 Integrated computerized national systems A complete integrated computerized
38、national spectrum management and monitoring system relies on one or more database servers connected to a network so that workstations or clients throughout the system can access the database. Management systems may include a main server, and occasionally one or more servers for a database extracted
39、from the main database and/or a database dedicated to an application or at a local command centre. Each monitoring station, whether fixed or mobile, has a measurement server and one or more workstations, as discussed below in 3. Each station uses a modular architecture based on server and workstatio
40、n computers interconnected via Ethernet LAN with all stations being linked over a WAN. This fully integrated network should provide rapid access by any operator position to any of the server functions available in the system. This system configuration is illustrated by the block diagram shown in Fig
41、. 1. The main server contains a relational database that is loaded with administrative and technical data of the region or national network, with additional data content as recommended by the ITU-R Handbook on Computer-aided techniques for spectrum management, and Recommendation ITU-R SM.1370. The s
42、erver generally is a structured query language (SQL) based system, allowing users with appropriate access to easily query the database. Modern databases can be configured to provide redundant systems along with periodic backup. The database, with a distributed computerized network, allows for the im
43、plementation of a client/server architecture and a distributed computerized system: Rec. ITU-R SM.1537-1 5 the database server centralizes data management thus facilitating security and preserving a high integrity level; it contains data on applications, licences, sites, equipment, invoicing, freque
44、ncy assignment, etc.; portions of this database may optionally be copied to local or mobile servers for specific applications; management, supervisor and data entry workstations: personal computers which allow the database to be loaded with administrative and technical parameters and which are used
45、by management and monitoring personnel for frequency management, technical monitoring, etc. When upgrading to a new management system, the database software should provide for electronic data input from an existing database, should one exist, either directly or through a specially-prepared data conv
46、ersion program. 2.2.1 Automation of the national spectrum management system The national spectrum management system should consist of software and hardware that allows for efficient management of the nations radio spectrum. The system should be capable of performing those functions described in the
47、ITU-R Handbook on National Spectrum Management, which lend themselves to automation, including: Frequency assignment and licensing: This function is implemented on a relational database management system that ensures the integrity and consistency of the administrative data and protects access to the
48、 database via security protection. It provides graphical user interface (GUI) screens that perform all administrative tasks listed in the next subsection below. Spectrum engineering support: This function provides engineering analysis tools for assigning frequencies to users with minimum interferenc
49、e. It also provides the capability to calculate interference between a transmitter and a victim receiver under various conditions. Spectrum control (enforcement and monitoring): This function provides the interface to spectrum monitoring stations, allowing remote tasking of and reporting from these stations including remote gathering of monitoring data to support complaint resolution. The spectrum management system should contain information in support of these functions; this information includes ITU and national frequency allocation plans and natio
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