1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T D.170TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU Supplement 5(05/2013) SERIES D: GENERAL TARIFF PRINCIPLES General tariff principles Drawing up and exchange of international telephone and telex accounts Monthly telephone and telex accounts Supplement
2、on guidelines for fraud mitigation Recommendation ITU-T D.170 Supplement 5 ITU-T D-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS GENERAL TARIFF PRINCIPLES TERMS AND DEFINITIONS D.0 GENERAL TARIFF PRINCIPLES Private leased telecommunication facilities D.1D.9 Tariff principles applying to data communication services over de
3、dicated public data networks D.10D.39 Charging and accounting in the international public telegram service D.40D.44 Charging and accounting in the international telemessage service D.45D.49 Principles applicable to GII-Internet D.50D.59 Charging and accounting in the international telex service D.60
4、D.69 Charging and accounting in the international facsimile service D.70D.75 Charging and accounting in the international videotex service D.76D.79 Charging and accounting in the international phototelegraph service D.80D.89 Charging and accounting in the mobile services D.90D.99 Charging and accoun
5、ting in the international telephone service D.100D.159 Drawing up and exchange of international telephone and telex accounts D.160D.179International sound- and television-programme transmissions D.180D.184 Charging and accounting for international satellite services D.185D.189 Transmission of monthl
6、y international accounting information D.190D.191 Service and privilege telecommunications D.192D.195 Settlement of international telecommunication balances of accounts D.196D.209 Charging and accounting principles for international telecommunication services provided over the ISDN D.210D.269 Chargi
7、ng and accounting principles for next generation networks (NGN) D.270D.279 Charging and accounting principles for universal personal telecommunication D.280D.284 Charging and accounting principles for intelligent network supported services D.285D.299 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR REGIONAL APPLICATION Recommen
8、dations applicable in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin D.300D.399 Recommendations applicable in Latin America D.400D.499 Recommendations applicable in Asia and Oceania D.500D.599 Recommendations applicable to the African Region D.600D.699 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Reco
9、mmendations. Rec. ITU-T D.170/Suppl.5 (05/2013) i Recommendation ITU-T D.170 Monthly telephone and telex accounts Supplement on guidelines for fraud mitigation Summary Supplement 5 to Recommendation ITU-T D.170 provides a set of voluntary guidelines to assist telecommunication operators in mitigatin
10、g fraud in international telecommunications traffic exchange. Since the definition of fraud is a domestic matter and varies by jurisdiction, the present supplement does not provide a definition or identify possible fraud practices. Its objective is to help operators to formulate new (or update exist
11、ing) fraud mitigation guidelines according to their needs and to promote efficiency in account management. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group 1.0 ITU-T E.270 1972-12-15 2.0 ITU-T E.270 1976-10-08 3.0 ITU-T D.170/E.270 1980-11-21 4.0 ITU-T D.170/E.270 1984-10-19 5.0 ITU-T D.170/E.270
12、 1988-11-25 6.0 ITU-T D.170 1993-03-12 III 7.0 ITU-T D.170 1995-03-20 3 8.0 ITU-T D.170 1998-06-12 3 9.0 ITU-T D.170 2006-06-27 3 10.0 ITU-T D.170 2010-05-21 3 10.1 ITU-T D.170 Suppl. 1 2010-05-21 3 10.2 ITU-T D.170 Suppl. 2 2010-05-21 3 10.3 ITU-T D.170 Suppl. 3 2012-01-20 3 10.4 ITU-T D.170 Suppl.
13、 4 2012-01-20 3 10.5 ITU-T D.170 Suppl. 5 2013-05-31 3 ii Rec. ITU-T D.170/Suppl.5 (05/2013) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunicat
14、ion Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (
15、WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fal
16、l within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this publication, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this publi
17、cation is voluntary. However, the publication may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the publication is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “mus
18、t“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the publication is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this publication may invo
19、lve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the publication development process. As of the date of approval of this publica
20、tion, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this publication. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/w
21、ww.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2013 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T D.170/Suppl.5 (05/2013) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Objective and scope 1 1.2 Benefits of these gui
22、delines 1 2 Abbreviations and acronyms 1 3 Voluntary guidelines . 1 3.1 Fraud awareness . 1 3.2 A well-defined fraud prevention, detection and management internal process with clear responsibilities and service level agreements . 1 3.3 Communication: Frequent information sharing concerning abnormali
23、ties, and regular periodic review 2 3.4 Define threshold limits for further investigation 2 3.5 Review interconnection agreements . 2 3.6 Detection and identification . 2 3.7 Countermeasures 2 4 A quick-step guide for consideration 3 Rec. ITU-T D.170/Suppl.5 (05/2013) 1 Recommendation ITU-T D.170 Mo
24、nthly telephone and telex accounts Supplement on guidelines for fraud mitigation 1 Introduction 1.1 Objective and scope The objective of this supplement is to assist telecommunication operators in mitigating fraud in international telecommunication traffic exchange. The guidelines presented below ar
25、e voluntary. As clause 3.7 (countermeasures) notes, several industry expert forums exist, including the Forum for the International Irregular Network Access (FIINA), the GSMA Fraud Group, and the i3Forum, where operators exchange information on fraudulent practices and methods for mitigating such pr
26、actices. Interested operators are encouraged to participate in the work of these organizations. How to define fraud is a national matter and varies by jurisdiction. Therefore, this supplement does not provide a definition or identify possible fraud practices. 1.2 Benefits of these guidelines The ben
27、efits that the guidelines are envisioned to bring to telecommunication operators are as follows: to help telecommunication operators formulate a set of guidelines (if none is yet in place) according to their needs, or review their existing policy; to ensure efficiency in managing accounts. 2 Abbrevi
28、ations and acronyms This supplement uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: ACD Average Call Duration ASR Answer-Seizure Ratio CLI Calling Line Identity PRS Premium Rate Service SIM Subscriber Identity Module SLA Service Level Agreement 3 Voluntary guidelines 3.1 Fraud awareness Operators sho
29、uld ensure full information sharing regarding fraud types among the various internal departments involved in the international interconnection business (i.e., sales, network, revenue assurance and billing). 3.2 A well-defined fraud prevention, detection and management internal process with clear res
30、ponsibilities and service level agreements Operators should establish a set of processes and procedures encompassing all steps from the prevention to the detection of fraudulent behaviour related to international traffic exchange. These 2 Rec. ITU-T D.170/Suppl.5 (05/2013) processes and procedures s
31、hould be shared with the relevant internal teams, along with a well-defined Action Plan, supported by service level agreements (SLAs). This should include “dashboards“ that have easy visibility to teams involved. 3.3 Communication: Frequent information sharing concerning abnormalities, and regular p
32、eriodic review Open communication and information sharing regarding abnormalities reported in traffic and on the network should be part of the fraud-handling mechanism, along with regular periodic review of the progress made on cases that have been reported. 3.4 Define threshold limits for further i
33、nvestigation On the basis of the availability of a fraud management system and other resources, there should be clear financial limits that trigger investigation and focus resources on critical cases for investigation purposes. 3.5 Review interconnection agreements Interconnection agreements between
34、 operators are commercial, mutually-agreed arrangements. Some operators may consider developing an interconnection agreement to include a provision that explains how fraudulent activities will be handled. Some current interconnection agreements may be very general in nature and operators may conside
35、r reviewing these agreements with their respective legal teams for possible updating to reflect the latest experiences and fraud-handling mechanisms. 3.6 Detection and identification Fraud detection on suspected premium rate service (PRS) numbers alarms, etc. Abnormal increase in the traffic to part
36、icular destinations Calling pattern analysis Customer profiling by volume and type of calls Customer complaints about a wrong calling line identity (CLI) or no CLI Traffic ratios for inbound and outbound calls for subscriber identity module (SIM) box detections Work on different parameters like aver
37、age call duration (ACD), answer-seizure ratio (ASR), etc. Determine call originator and ask to stop routing to illegal entities. 3.7 Countermeasures Invest in fraud management systems Invest in network monitoring systems and acquire skill sets to manage Work with network and quality control teams to
38、 pinpoint the problem Update the sales team on abnormal behaviour as soon as it is becomes apparent Present problems to local regulators for intervention Review and change pricing actively Undertake investigations and intervention with the police. Such actions vary from country to country due to loc
39、al laws Liaise with the fraud groups of domestic carriers Rec. ITU-T D.170/Suppl.5 (05/2013) 3 Gather intelligence from international forums (e.g., FIINA, GSMA, I3Forum, among others) Distinguish premium rate numbering plans as a compulsory measure. Include number analysis, etc. 4 A quick-step guide
40、 for consideration Acquire automated systems and skill sets to manage them Review interconnection agreements Establish a well-defined internal fraud control process Undertake frequent reviews Issue frequent communications Take speedy action Maintain vigilance, especially on weekends and holidays Rep
41、ort block destinations immediately Maintain frequent communication with the next operator handling the call Alert the national regulator and local enforcement agencies. Printed in Switzerland Geneva, 2013 SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS Series A Organization of the work of ITU-T Series D General tar
42、iff principles Series E Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors Series F Non-telephone telecommunication services Series G Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks Series H Audiovisual and multimedia systems Series I Integrated services d
43、igital network Series J Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals Series K Protection against interference Series L Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant Series M Telecommunication management, includi
44、ng TMN and network maintenance Series N Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits Series O Specifications of measuring equipment Series P Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods Series Q Switching and signalling Series R Telegraph transmission
45、Series S Telegraph services terminal equipment Series T Terminals for telematic services Series U Telegraph switching Series V Data communication over the telephone network Series X Data networks, open system communications and security Series Y Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks Series Z Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems
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