1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T D.98TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (09/2012) SERIES D: GENERAL TARIFF PRINCIPLES General tariff principles Charging and accounting in the mobile services Charging in international mobile roaming service Recommendation ITU-T D.98 ITU-T D-S
2、ERIES RECOMMENDATIONS GENERAL TARIFF PRINCIPLES TERMS AND DEFINITIONS D.0 GENERAL TARIFF PRINCIPLES Private leased telecommunication facilities D.1D.9 Tariff principles applying to data communication services over dedicated public data networks D.10D.39 Charging and accounting in the international p
3、ublic telegram service D.40D.44 Charging and accounting in the international telemessage service D.45D.49 Principles applicable to GII-Internet D.50D.59 Charging and accounting in the international telex service D.60D.69 Charging and accounting in the international facsimile service D.70D.75 Chargin
4、g and accounting in the international videotex service D.76D.79 Charging and accounting in the international phototelegraph service D.80D.89 Charging and accounting in the mobile services D.90D.99Charging and accounting in the international telephone service D.100D.159 Drawing up and exchange of int
5、ernational telephone and telex accounts D.160D.179 International sound- and television-programme transmissions D.180D.184 Charging and accounting for international satellite services D.185D.189 Transmission of monthly international accounting information D.190D.191 Service and privilege telecommunic
6、ations D.192D.195 Settlement of international telecommunication balances of accounts D.196D.209 Charging and accounting principles for international telecommunication services provided over the ISDN D.210D.269 Charging and accounting principles for next generation networks (NGN) D.270D.279 Charging
7、and accounting principles for universal personal telecommunication D.280D.284 Charging and accounting principles for intelligent network supported services D.285D.299 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR REGIONAL APPLICATION Recommendations applicable in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin D.300D.399 Recommendations
8、applicable in Latin America D.400D.499 Recommendations applicable in Asia and Oceania D.500D.599 Recommendations applicable to the African Region D.600D.699 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T D.98 (09/2012) i Recommendation ITU-T D.98 Charging in inter
9、national mobile roaming service Summary Recommendation ITU-T D.98 proposes measures to empower consumers to benefit from efficient competition and regulation so that they have the information and transparency to take appropriate actions; to identify measures for improving the way the market works; a
10、nd proposals for regulatory actions, which may include measures to lower rates. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group 1.0 ITU-T D.98 2012-09-07 3 ii Rec. ITU-T D.98 (09/2012) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field
11、of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing
12、 telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by
13、 the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate bo
14、th a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when
15、 all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
16、 RIGHTS ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted b
17、y ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that t
18、his may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2012 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. IT
19、U-T D.98 (09/2012) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Scope 1 2 References. 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 1 5 Principles for lowering international mobile roaming rates . 2 iv Rec. ITU-T D.98 (09/2012) Introduction With the increased use of mobile devices as a primary means of communicati
20、ons, improved roaming services including lower international roaming rates, improved quality of service and increased network access have become key policy priorities for the ITU Member States. Member States, regulators and consumers continue to express concern about the high level of charges incurr
21、ed when roaming internationally and especially in the case of bill shock (i.e., a bill which the consumer finds unexpectedly excessive). International roaming is a multi-country issue by nature. The issues involved and their degree vary from region to region, and also within regions, in terms of eco
22、nomics, market structures and regulatory frameworks. Since there is no guarantee that unilateral action by one national regulatory authority in its country will on its own lead to reciprocal action in other countries benefitting their users, cooperation between regulators and policy makers either bi
23、laterally or within a region is likely to be more effective than unilateral action by one national regulatory authority. Rec. ITU-T D.98 (09/2012) 1 Recommendation ITU-T D.98 Charging in international mobile roaming service 1 Scope This Recommendation proposes measures to empower consumers to benefi
24、t from efficient competition and regulation so that they have the information and transparency to take appropriate actions; to identify measures for improving the way the market works; and proposals for regulatory actions, which may include measures to lower rates. 2 References The following ITU-T R
25、ecommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of the Recommendation are
26、 therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a
27、 stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. ITU-T D.93 Recommendation ITU-T D.93 (2003), Charging and accounting in the international land mobile telephone service (provided via cellular radio systems). ITU-T D.99 Recommendation ITU-T D.99 (2008), Indicative rate for international mobile
28、termination. ITU-T D.140 Recommendation ITU-T D.140 (2002), Accounting rate principles for the international telephone service. 3 Definitions International mobile roaming (IMR) is a service that a subscriber to postpaid or prepaid mobile services purchases from a mobile operator in their home countr
29、y, that is, from the home operator. It allows the subscriber to continue to use their mobile phone and phone number to access voice and the short message service (SMS) while visiting another country by accessing a mobile operators network in the visited country, that is, the network of the visited o
30、perator. Furthermore, there are IMR services that allow a subscriber to continue to use their mobile devices, such as mobile phone, to access data services while in another country by accessing a visited operators network. IMR wholesale and retail rates are the prices charged for IMR service where:
31、a) IMR wholesale rates are the prices that the visited operator charges the home operator for allowing the home operators subscriber to roam on the visited operators network, and b) IMR retail rates are the prices that the home operator charges their subscribers for IMR services. 4 Abbreviations and
32、 acronyms This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: IMR International Mobile Roaming SIM Subscriber Identification Module SMS Short Message Service 2 Rec. ITU-T D.98 (09/2012) 5 Principles for lowering international mobile roaming rates 5.1 Empowering consumers Member States
33、 should take an active role in consumer education and protection. Member States should explore ways to protect and empower consumers in determining their best choices among the array of options available to them in the rapidly evolving mobile marketplace. Member States, taking into account specific
34、national or regional conditions, should, among other things, encourage: 5.1.1 the development of effective ways to provide clearer and more transparent information to users on the details of international mobile services and the structure and billing unit of the IMR retail rates before they roam int
35、ernationally; 5.1.2 the usage of alerts delivered via SMS or other electronic means when roaming users arrive in another country, which may include prices or warning that higher prices apply and instructions on how to obtain further information or access to their recorded usage/expense; 5.1.3 the us
36、age of warning alerts delivered via SMS or other electronic means that indicate when the roaming user has incurred a certain cost level which is prescribed by the service provider to the customers; 5.1.4 unless otherwise specified by the user, the implementation of automatic roaming cost caps for ce
37、rtain international roaming services: that is, the service is automatically blocked when the users bill reaches a certain prescribed and/or predetermined level; 5.1.5 the development of measures to protect users living in, or travelling to, border regions from inadvertent roaming on a network in a c
38、ountry different from the one in which they are located at that time (this might include special tariff plans for users living near borders and warning messages when the handset switches to a new network where higher charges apply). Member States are also encouraged to provide users with practical i
39、nformation for avoiding inadvertent roaming; 5.1.6 supporting the usage of techniques so that roaming users could easily choose the network with the lowest roaming tariffs and choose another visiting network manually. 5.2 Market-based solutions Member States should encourage, taking into account spe
40、cific national or regional conditions, the development of effectively competitive markets for international mobile roaming on a commercial basis by: 5.2.1 encouraging the provision of roaming pricing plans that allow users to purchase as much international mobile roaming services as they wish in a p
41、ackage that best practically meets their needs and budget; 5.2.2 supporting the use of services enabling substitutes including different SIM cards, such as in some countries global virtual mobile network operator cards, and dual-SIM handsets, rental of a second handset, and the provision of internat
42、ional mobile roaming services by other means, for example by the take-up of new technologies, so as to increase user choice; 5.2.3 cultivating regional and multiregional cooperation among operators and regulators to facilitate and encourage regional and interregional mobile roaming; Rec. ITU-T D.98
43、(09/2012) 3 5.2.4 encouraging mobile operators which provide international roaming services to cooperate in order to lower their wholesale roaming tariffs for roaming users on a bilateral basis. 5.3 Regulatory intervention Regulators and policy makers, taking into account specific national or region
44、al conditions, may introduce regulatory interventions on international mobile roaming service tariffs for the benefit of users by encouraging competition. Possible interventions may include a range of regulatory measures such as usage alerts, bill caps, tariff caps and pre-selection. Printed in Swit
45、zerland Geneva, 2012 SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS Series A Organization of the work of ITU-T Series D General tariff principles Series E Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors Series F Non-telephone telecommunication services Series G Transmission system
46、s and media, digital systems and networks Series H Audiovisual and multimedia systems Series I Integrated services digital network Series J Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals Series K Protection against interference Series L Construction, inst
47、allation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant Series M Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance Series N Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits Series O Specifications of measuring equipment Series P Terminal
48、s and subjective and objective assessment methods Series Q Switching and signalling Series R Telegraph transmission Series S Telegraph services terminal equipment Series T Terminals for telematic services Series U Telegraph switching Series V Data communication over the telephone network Series X Data networks, open system communications and security Series Y Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks Series Z Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems
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