1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T F.747.1TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (06/2012) SERIES F: NON-TELEPHONE TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES Audiovisual services Capabilities of ubiquitous sensor networks for supporting the requirements of smart metering services Recommendation I
2、TU-T F.747.1 ITU-T F-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS NON-TELEPHONE TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES TELEGRAPH SERVICE Operating methods for the international public telegram service F.1F.19 The gentex network F.20F.29 Message switching F.30F.39 The international telemessage service F.40F.58 The international telex
3、 service F.59F.89 Statistics and publications on international telegraph services F.90F.99 Scheduled and leased communication services F.100F.104 Phototelegraph service F.105F.109 MOBILE SERVICE Mobile services and multidestination satellite services F.110F.159 TELEMATIC SERVICES Public facsimile se
4、rvice F.160F.199 Teletex service F.200F.299 Videotex service F.300F.349 General provisions for telematic services F.350F.399 MESSAGE HANDLING SERVICES F.400F.499 DIRECTORY SERVICES F.500F.549 DOCUMENT COMMUNICATION Document communication F.550F.579 Programming communication interfaces F.580F.599 DAT
5、A TRANSMISSION SERVICES F.600F.699 AUDIOVISUAL SERVICES F.700F.799ISDN SERVICES F.800F.849 UNIVERSAL PERSONAL TELECOMMUNICATION F.850F.899 HUMAN FACTORS F.900F.999 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T F.747.1 (06/2012) i Recommendation ITU-T F.747.1 Capa
6、bilities of ubiquitous sensor networks for supporting the requirements of smart metering services Summary Recommendation ITU-T F.747.1 identifies the capabilities of ubiquitous sensor networks (USNs) for supporting the requirements of smart metering services. To this end, an overview of smart meteri
7、ng is described, with a clarification between smart grids and smart metering provided. This Recommendation takes into account a few typical use case scenarios of smart metering and identifies the general requirements and USN-based smart metering services to support these use cases. Finally this Reco
8、mmendation defines USN capabilities based on identified requirements for providing smart metering services. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group 1.0 ITU-T F.747.1 2012-06-29 16 Keywords Smart grid, smart metering, USN. ii Rec. ITU-T F.747.1 (06/2012) FOREWORD The International Telecom
9、munication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tari
10、ff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recomme
11、ndations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommend
12、ation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperabil
13、ity or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compl
14、iance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity
15、 or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required
16、 to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2013 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
17、by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T F.747.1 (06/2012) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Scope 1 2 References. 1 3 Definitions 1 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 1 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation . 2 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 2 5 Conventions 2 6 Overview
18、 of smart metering . 2 6.1 Smart grids and smart metering 3 6.2 Technical overview of smart metering . 5 6.3 USN-based smart metering services . 5 7 Smart metering service scenarios . 7 7.1 Scenario I: Regularly scheduled remote meter reading 7 7.2 Scenario II: On-demand remote meter reading 8 7.3 S
19、cenario III: Demand response 9 7.4 Scenario IV: Tariff configuration . 10 7.5 Scenario V: Meter reading data aggregation 11 8 Network and USN requirements for smart metering services 12 8.1 Time synchronization . 12 8.2 Reliable information delivery . 12 8.3 Minimal time delay . 12 8.4 Real-time del
20、ivery of meter reading data . 12 8.5 Bidirectional communication between meters and operators . 13 8.6 Security support including the authorization of operator and data confidentiality . 13 8.7 Authentication of smart meters 13 8.8 Meter reading data processing 13 8.9 Monitoring and management of sm
21、art meters 13 9 USN capabilities for smart metering services 13 9.1 Time synchronization . 13 9.2 Reliable transmission 13 9.3 Scalability . 14 9.4 Mobility support . 14 9.5 Delivery latency 14 9.6 Fault detection and recovery 14 9.7 Security supporting confidentiality, integrity check, authorizatio
22、n and authentication . 14 9.8 Connectivity . 14 iv Rec. ITU-T F.747.1 (06/2012) Page 9.9 Unicasting and multicasting . 14 9.10 Data aggregation . 14 9.11 Distributed processing 15 9.12 Monitoring and management of sensor nodes 15 Bibliography. 16 Rec. ITU-T F.747.1 (06/2012) 1 Recommendation ITU-T F
23、.747.1 Capabilities of ubiquitous sensor networks for supporting the requirements of smart metering services 1 Scope The main purpose of this Recommendation is to identify the capabilities of ubiquitous sensor networks (USNs) which support the requirements of smart metering services. The scope of th
24、is Recommendation covers the following: overview of smart metering smart metering use case scenarios requirements of smart metering services USN capabilities for supporting the requirements of smart metering services. 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain prov
25、isions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possib
26、ility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommen
27、dation. ITU-T F.744 Recommendation ITU-T F.744 (2009), Service description and requirements for ubiquitous sensor network middleware. ITU-T Y.2221 Recommendation ITU-T Y.2221 (2010), Requirements for support of ubiquitous sensor network (USN) applications and services in the NGN environment. 3 Defin
28、itions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 sensor ITU-T Y.2221: An electronic device that senses a physical condition or chemical compound and delivers an electronic signal proportional to the observed characteristic. 3.1.2 sensor network
29、 ITU-T Y.2221: A network comprised of inter-connected sensor nodes exchanging sensed data by wired or wireless communication. 3.1.3 sensor node ITU-T Y.2221: A device consisting of sensor(s) and optional actuator(s) with the capabilities of sensed data processing and networking. 3.1.4 ubiquitous sen
30、sor network (USN) ITU-T Y.2221: A conceptual network built over existing physical networks which makes use of sensed data and provides knowledge services to anyone, anywhere and at any time, and where the information is generated by using context awareness. 3.1.5 USN gateway ITU-T Y.2221: A node whi
31、ch interconnects sensor networks with other networks. 2 Rec. ITU-T F.747.1 (06/2012) 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation This Recommendation defines the following terms: 3.2.1 demand response: A smart metering feature that allows consumers to reduce or change their use patterns of electricity,
32、gas and water during peak demand usually in exchange for a financial incentive. 3.2.2 sensor network gateway: A sensor network element that connects a sensor network to another network with different architecture or protocols, permitting information exchange between them. See also USN gateway. NOTE
33、Sensor network gateway functionalities may include either address or protocol translation or both. 3.2.3 smart grid: An electricity network that can intelligently integrate the actions of all users connected to it generators, consumers and those that do both in order to efficiently deliver sustainab
34、le, economic and secure electricity supplies. 3.2.4 smart meter: A device in a users premises for monitoring and controlling electrical power, gas and water usage of home appliances based on demand response information from home appliances. 3.2.5 smart metering: An operation to provide information t
35、o consumers and smart metering operators about energy consumption. The information includes how much energy the consumers are using or generating and how much it costs. 3.2.6 smart metering gateway: See USN gateway. 3.2.7 utility: An entity providing services such electricity, gas, water and heating
36、 to the general public and/or to industrial and commercial entities. 4 Abbreviations and acronyms This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: USN Ubiquitous Sensor Network 5 Conventions None. 6 Overview of smart metering Smart meters are utility meters, for example electricity
37、, gas, water and other meters, which may bring about the end of estimated bills and meter readings, and provide customers and energy distributors and suppliers with accurate information on the amount of a utility that is being used. Smart metering provides: customers with the information they requir
38、e to become energy savvy and make smarter decisions about their energy usage; energy suppliers with the means to better understand and service their customers; distributors with an effective tool to better monitor and manage their networks. In addition, smart metering enables those customers who cho
39、ose to generate their own electricity (micro-generators) to be financially rewarded for their contribution to the national grid, and for distributors to better manage this contribution b-ETSI TR 102 691. Smart metering may be regarded as one of the key technologies for smart grid systems. Rec. ITU-T
40、 F.747.1 (06/2012) 3 6.1 Smart grids and smart metering A smart grid is a type of electrical grid that attempts to predict and intelligently respond to the behaviour and actions of all electric power users connected to it suppliers, consumers and those that do both in order to efficiently deliver re
41、liable, economic and sustainable electricity services including: enhancement of reliability reducing peak demand shifting usage to off-peak hours lower total energy consumption actively managing electricity charging actively managing other usage to respond to other renewable resources. Smart grid te
42、chnologies have already been used in other applications, such as manufacturing and telecommunications. In general, smart grid technology may be divided into seven areas: integrated communications, sensing and measurement, smart metering, advanced components, advanced control, improved interfaces and
43、 decision support, and smart power generation. In other words, smart meters are key components of smart grids and consequently, smart metering is one of the crucial features for smart grids. 4 Rec. ITU-T F.747.1 (06/2012) F.747.1(12)_F01MarketsRTO/ISOOpsOperationsTransmissionOpsDistribution OpsServi
44、ce providersEMSAssetMgmtRetailer/wholesalerEMSEnterprisebusEnterprisebusEnterprisebusDemandresponseMDMSMeteringsystemDistributionSCADATransmissionSCADARTOSCADAISO/RTOparticipantEnergymarketclearing houseAggregatorInternet/e-BusinessMarketservicesinterfacePlant controlsystemGeneratorsSubstationLANsWi
45、de areanetworksDatacollectorFielddeviceDistributedgenerationElectricstorageSubstationdeviceTransmissionDistributionField areanetworksInternet/e-BusinessUtilityproviderThird-partyproviderRetailenergyproviderCISBillingHome/buildingmanagerAggregatorOthersEnergyservicesinterfaceMeterElectricvehicleDistr
46、ibutedgenerationElectricstorageAppliancesThermostatCustomerEMSCustomerequipmentPremisesnetworksCustomerBulk generationDomainInformation networkActorDomain gateway actorComms pathComms path across owner/domainWAMSDMSCISBillingSubstationcontrollerFigure 1 Smart grid architecture b-NIST Rec. ITU-T F.74
47、7.1 (06/2012) 5 6.2 Technical overview of smart metering It is not only governments and utility companies, such as electricity, gas and water suppliers, but also researchers, that have been interested in automatic meter reading based on communication systems. Examples of smart metering benefits to c
48、ustomers, governments and utility companies are: lower metering cost energy savings for residential consumers reliability of supply various pricing schemes to attract new costumers easier detection of fraud and of outages automated billing. Smart metering comprises metering and exchange of meter inf
49、ormation between smart meters and utility companies. Various technologies can be used for metering and exchanging meter information. For example, power-line communications have been used for delivering electricity power to consumers and for transmitting gas and water measurements to utility providers. Alternatively, mobile networks can be used for exchanging messages in an automatic meter reading system. Sensor network technologies may be used for metering and collecting informati
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