1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T F.771TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (08/2008) SERIES F: NON-TELEPHONE TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES Audiovisual services Service description and requirements for multimedia information access triggered by tag-based identification Recommendat
2、ion ITU-T F.771 ITU-T F-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS NON-TELEPHONE TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES TELEGRAPH SERVICE Operating methods for the international public telegram service F.1F.19 The gentex network F.20F.29 Message switching F.30F.39 The international telemessage service F.40F.58 The international te
3、lex service F.59F.89 Statistics and publications on international telegraph services F.90F.99 Scheduled and leased communication services F.100F.104 Phototelegraph service F.105F.109 MOBILE SERVICE Mobile services and multidestination satellite services F.110F.159 TELEMATIC SERVICES Public facsimile
4、 service F.160F.199 Teletex service F.200F.299 Videotex service F.300F.349 General provisions for telematic services F.350F.399 MESSAGE HANDLING SERVICES F.400F.499DIRECTORY SERVICES F.500F.549 DOCUMENT COMMUNICATION Document communication F.550F.579 Programming communication interfaces F.580F.599 D
5、ATA TRANSMISSION SERVICES F.600F.699 AUDIOVISUAL SERVICES F.700F.799 ISDN SERVICES F.800F.849 UNIVERSAL PERSONAL TELECOMMUNICATION F.850F.899 HUMAN FACTORS F.900F.999 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T F.771 (08/2008) i Recommendation ITU-T F.771 Servi
6、ce description and requirements for multimedia information access triggered by tag-based identification Summary Recommendation ITU-T F.771 specifies a high-level functional model, a service description and requirements for multimedia information access triggered by tag-based identification. The scop
7、e of this Recommendation is limited to those applications and services that have both multimedia and tag-based characteristics. Source Recommendation ITU-T F.771 was approved on 6 August 2008 by ITU-T Study Group 16 (2005-2008) under Recommendation ITU-T A.8 procedure. Keywords Multimedia informatio
8、n access, requirements, tag-based identification. ii Rec. ITU-T F.771 (08/2008) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardi
9、zation Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which
10、meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-
11、Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation
12、is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“
13、and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may i
14、nvolve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this R
15、ecommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent databas
16、e at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T F.771 (08/2008) iii CONTENTS Page 1 Scope 1 2 References. 1 3 Definitions 1 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 1 3
17、.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation. 1 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 3 5 Conventions 3 6 High-level functional model and generic service description 3 6.1 High-level functional model. 3 6.2 Generic service description 4 7 Requirements 6 7.1 User requirement 6 7.2 Service requirements 6 7.3 Identi
18、fier requirements . 6 7.4 ID tag requirement 7 7.5 ID terminal requirements 7 7.6 ID resolution function requirements. 7 7.7 Multimedia information delivery function requirements . 7 7.8 Wide area public communication requirement. 7 7.9 Security requirements. 7 7.10 Quality of service (QoS) requirem
19、ent 8 Appendix I Service description in applications 9 I.1 u-Museum. 9 I.2 Multimedia information download via posters. 9 I.3 Operating manual for a product 9 I.4 Food traceability. 10 I.5 Business card with personal identifier 10 I.6 Presence service with multimedia information 10 I.7 Location-awar
20、e information delivery for commercial advertisement 10 I.8 Sightseeing information delivery . 10 Bibliography. 12 iv Rec. ITU-T F.771 (08/2008) Introduction Multimedia information access triggered by tag-based identification is a class of the generic multimedia services identified in Recommendation
21、ITU-T F.700. Following the methodology given in Recommendation ITU-T F.701, this Recommendation specifies the functional model, service description and requirements for multimedia information access triggered by tag-based identification. When a users device obtains an identifier from an identificati
22、on (ID) tag wherever it is attached, the device tries to find the location of associated multimedia information automatically. Each identifier is stored in an ID tag such as a barcode, a passive/active radio frequency identification (RFID), or a smart card, so as to be recognized automatically by va
23、rious types of tag readers. This feature enables the user to refer to the multimedia content without typing its address on a keyboard or inputting the name of objects about which relevant information is to be retrieved. This information is stored in databases somewhere in the network and provided by
24、 several service providers. Rec. ITU-T F.771 (08/2008) 1 Recommendation ITU-T F.771 Service description and requirements for multimedia information access triggered by tag-based identification 1 Scope This Recommendation specifies the service description and the requirements for multimedia informati
25、on access triggered by tag-based identification. This service enables users to access multimedia information through users electronic devices equipped with ID tag readers and communication functions. The multimedia information is comprised of voice, sound, text, graphic, video and other media which
26、have various applications such as digital maps for route-finding and interactive three-dimensional panoramic pictures. Users will receive its delivery via communication networks such as fixed and mobile networks according to their network access capabilities. These applications and services are char
27、acterized by the use of the following: 1) Identifier: An identifier is assigned to each real-world entity such as a physical/logical object, a place, or a person. 2) ID tag: An ID tag is a tag, such as a barcode, a passive/active RFID, a smartcard, or an infrared tag, used to store the identifier. 3
28、) ID terminal: An ID terminal is a device equipped with an ID tag reader/writer used to capture the identifier. Capturing the identifier triggers access to multimedia information via a network. 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through re
29、ference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the mo
30、st recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. ITU-T F.700 Reco
31、mmendation ITU-T F.700 (2000), Framework Recommendation for multimedia services. ITU-T F.701 Recommendation ITU-T F.701 (2000), Guideline Recommendation for identifying multimedia service requirements. 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere None. 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation This Reco
32、mmendation defines the following terms. 3.2.1 ID resolution: ID resolution is a function to resolve an identifier into associated information. In this Recommendation, it is specifically a function to resolve an identifier on/in an 2 Rec. ITU-T F.771 (08/2008) ID tag into necessary access information
33、 such as uniform resource locator (URL), Internet Protocol (IP) address, and phone number, which may indicate a protocol and/or a pointer to access multimedia information services provided by multimedia information delivery functions. NOTE Since the ID resolution function handles mapping relationshi
34、ps between identifier and access information, it may have a database for the efficient management of mapping record. 3.2.2 ID tag: An ID tag is a tiny physical object which stores a small amount of information which is an identifier or includes an identifier with other additional application data su
35、ch as name, title, price and address. An ID tag is attached to or associated with a real-world entity to carry the information or attributes about the entity. In this Recommendation, an ID tag is used to store an identifier of the real-world entity with optional application data. Examples are radio
36、frequency identification (RFIDs), barcodes, 2D barcodes, infrared tags, active radio frequency (RF) tags, etc. 3.2.3 ID terminal: An ID terminal is a device with a capability to capture data from ID tags, and other capabilities such as communication capability and multimedia information presentation
37、 capability. The data capture capability may include a function to obtain an identifier from ID tags even with no communication capability such as barcodes and two-dimensional barcodes. Examples of equipment that use data capture techniques are digital cameras, optical scanners, radio frequency (RF)
38、 transponders, infrared data association (IrDA), galvanic wire-line, etc. Sometimes, an ID terminal is called a user terminal. 3.2.4 identifier: An identifier is a series of digits, characters and symbols or any other form of data used to identify a real-world entity. It is used to represent the rel
39、ationship between the real-world entity and its information/attributes in computers. This relationship enables users to access the information/attributes of the entity stored in computers via users ID terminals. 3.2.5 multimedia information: Multimedia information is digital information that uses mu
40、ltiple forms of information content and information processing, such as text, pictures, audio, video, three-dimensional panoramic pictures and digital maps, which informs or entertains users. 3.2.6 multimedia information delivery function: A multimedia information delivery function is a function to
41、deliver multimedia information to an ID terminal which is triggered by the tag-based identification. 3.2.7 real-world entity: A real-world entity is a physical and logical entity which mainly acts or is used in the real world, such as a physical object, logical object, place and person. Examples of
42、physical objects include water bottle, book, desk, wall, chair, tree, animal, cloth, food, television, light and so on. Examples of logical objects include digital content such as video, movie, music and story. Examples of places include room, corridor, road, gate, garden and so on. The real-world e
43、ntity concept includes both networked entities and non-networked entities. 3.2.8 tag-based identification: Tag-based identification is the process of specifically identifying a real-world entity by capturing its identifier from an ID tag storing the identifier. This identification process consists o
44、f two steps. The first step is to read an identifier from an ID tag. The second step is to resolve the identifier into associated information such as a uniform resource locator (URL), an Internet Protocol (IP) address, a telephone number, an e-mail address, and/or a content address for audio/video d
45、ata. For tag-based identification, the identifier, ID tag and ID terminal are mandatory elements. NOTE Resolved results indicate the identification of a real-world entity. Thus, the identification process selects proper information from multiple associated information with the identifier according t
46、o the condition of applications, services and system implementations. For example, in the identification for telephone applications, a persons identifier may be resolved into a telephone number. On the other hand, in the identification for multimedia messaging applications, the identifier may be res
47、olved into an e-mail address. Rec. ITU-T F.771 (08/2008) 3 4 Abbreviations and acronyms This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: 2D Two Dimensional 3D Three Dimensional B2B Business to Business B2C Business to Consumer DVD Digital Versatile Disk G2C Government to Consumer I
48、D Identification IP Internet Protocol IR Infrared IrDA Infrared Data Association MAC Media Access Control NGN Next Generation Network PDA Personal Digital Assistant QoS Quality of Service RF Radio Frequency RFID Radio Frequency Identification URL Uniform Resource Locator Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity 5 Co
49、nventions In this Recommendation: The expression “is required to“ indicates a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. The expression “is recommended“ indicates a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. 6 High-level functional model and generic service description The objective of this clause is to describe the high-level functional model of the multimedia in
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