1、 I n t e r n a t i o n a l T e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n U n i o n ITU-T L.1360 TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (12/2016) SERIES L: ENVIRONMENT AND ICTS, CLIMATE CHANGE, E-WASTE, ENERGY EFFICIENCY; CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION OF CABLES AND OTHER ELEMENTS OF OUTSIDE
2、PLANT Energy control for the software-defined networking architecture Recommendation ITU-T L.1360 ITU-T L-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS ENVIRONMENT AND ICTS, CLIMATE CHANGE, E-WASTE, ENERGY EFFICIENCY; CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION OF CABLES AND OTHER ELEMENTS OF OUTSIDE PLANT OPTICAL FIBRE CAB
3、LES Cable structure and characteristics L.100L.124 Cable evaluation L.125L.149 Guidance and installation technique L.150L.199 OPTICAL INFRASTRUCTURES Infrastructure including node element (except cables) L.200L.249 General aspects and network design L.250L.299 MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION Optical fibre
4、 cable maintenance L.300L.329 Infrastructure maintenance L.330L.349 Operation support and infrastructure management L.350L.379 Disaster management L.380L.399 PASSIVE OPTICAL DEVICES L.400L.429 MARINIZED TERRESTRIAL CABLES L.430L.449 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendati
5、ons. Rec. ITU-T L.1360 (12/2016) i Recommendation ITU-T L.1360 Energy control for the software-defined networking architecture Summary Energy efficiency has become one of the most important aspects for both current and future telecommunications infrastructures. Taking energy into account induces a n
6、ew constraint when managing a network. To tackle the integration of the energy constraint into the networks, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) has recently standardized the green abstraction layer (ETSI ES 203 237) which is an interface between the resource and the control p
7、lanes of a network that enables control plane processes to manage the power management capabilities of fixed network nodes to effectively adapt the energy consumption of the network nodes with respect to the load variations. Recommendation ITU-T L.1360 defines the integration of the green abstractio
8、n layer into a software-defined networking (SDN) architecture (see Recommendation ITU-T Y.3302) in which the connections between a set of network resources are on demand and are managed by one or more software-defined networking controllers. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group Unique
9、 ID* 1.0 ITU-T L.1360 2016-12-14 5 11.1002/1000/13148 Keywords Energy control, green abstraction layer, software-defined networking. * To access the Recommendation, type the URL http:/handle.itu.int/ in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendations unique ID. For example, ht
10、tp:/handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/11830-en. ii Rec. ITU-T L.1360 (12/2016) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization
11、Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets e
12、very four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purv
13、iew, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is volu
14、ntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and t
15、he negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve
16、 the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recomme
17、ndation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at h
18、ttp:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T L.1360 (12/2016) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Scope . 1 2 References . 1 3 Definitions 1 3.1 Terms defined elsewh
19、ere 1 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation . 2 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 2 5 Conventions 3 6 Introduction . 3 7 Green SDN architecture 4 7.1 SDN architecture 4 7.2 Green abstraction layer . 5 7.3 Energy control in the SDN architecture . 6 7.4 Implementation issues 8 8 Energy states model 8 Ap
20、pendix I Example of energy control in a SDN architecture . 11 Bibliography. 13 Rec. ITU-T L.1360 (12/2016) 1 Recommendation ITU-T L.1360 Energy control for the software-defined networking architecture 1 Scope This Recommendation defines the integration of green abstraction layer ETSI ES 203 237 into
21、 a software-defined networking (SDN) architecture ITU-T Y.3302. Four basic SDN elements are defined within the SDN architecture ITU-T Y.3302: the SDN application layer, the SDN control layer, the northbound interface between the SDN application layer and the SDN control layer and the southbound inte
22、rface between the SDN control layer and the SDN resource layer. The green abstraction layer adds a further dimension which requires integration and is the subject of this Recommendation. Since the green abstraction layer allows applications to access to the power management capabilities of network n
23、odes in the resource layer to effectively adapt the energy consumption of the network nodes with respect to the load variations, it can be said that all the SDN elements are impacted. In this respect, this Recommendation focuses on: The definition of an energy-efficient SDN general architecture; The
24、 definition of an energy states model. Appendix I provides an example of an energy-efficient SDN based on the Open Networking Foundation (ONF) specification b-ONF-SDN. 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, cons
25、titute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the R
26、ecommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. ITU-T Y.3302 Recommendation ITU-T Y.3302 (
27、2017), Functional architecture of software-defined networking. ETSI ES 203 237 ETSI ES 203 237 (2014), Environmental Engineering (EE); Green Abstraction Layer (GAL); Power management capabilities of the future energy telecommunication fixed network nodes. 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere Th
28、is Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 convergence layer interface ETSI ES 203 237: GAL interface designed to map the GAL commands and data into low-level configuration registers/APIs, which are often manufacturer/HW specific. 3.1.2 energy-aware entity ETSI ES 203 237: E
29、ntity that can trade its power consumption and its available functionalities and responsiveness. 2 Rec. ITU-T L.1360 (12/2016) 3.1.3 energy-aware state ETSI ES 203 237: Entity power setting managed through the GAL that impact on the power consumption, the performance, the available functionalities,
30、and the responsiveness of the entity. NOTE An EAS can be considered as an operational power profile mode implemented by the entity that can be configured by control plane processes. To assure the correct exchange of information between the entity and control plane processes, the EAS should be repres
31、ented as a complex data type, which contains indications on the power consumption, the power saving, the performance, the available functionalities, and the responsiveness of the entity when working in such configuration. 3.1.4 entity ETSI ES 203 237: Device or a sub-part of it, of which the GAL con
32、stitutes the energy-aware interface NOTE At the lowest hierarchical levels, an entity can correspond to a chip, a network processor, a link interface. At medium hierarchical levels, it can correspond to line-cards, chassis, etc. At the highest level the entire device corresponds to an entity. Higher
33、 level entities can include one or more entities at lower levels. This hierarchical architecture is optional and the relative depth should depend on the specific internal architecture of the network device. The terms “entity“ and “resource“ are used interchangeably in the present document. 3.1.5 gre
34、en abstraction layer ETSI ES 203 237: Interface between resource and control planes for exchanging data regarding the power status of a device. 3.1.6 green standard interface ETSI ES 203 237: GAL interface designed to exchange power management data in a simplified way among data-plane elements and p
35、rocesses realizing control plane strategies. 3.1.7 local control policy ETSI ES 203 237: Control process optimizing the configuration at the device level in order to achieve the desired trade-off between energy consumption and network performance according to the incoming traffic load. 3.1.8 network
36、 control policy ETSI ES 203 237: Control process trading-off between power consumption and performance of a network. 3.1.9 software-defined networking b-ITU-T Y.3300: A set of techniques that enables to directly program, orchestrate, control and manage network resources, which facilitates the design
37、, delivery and operation of network services in a dynamic and scalable manner. 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation This Recommendation defines the following terms: 3.2.1 abstraction: A representation of an entity in terms of selected characteristics, while hiding characteristics irrelevant to t
38、he selection criteria. 3.2.2 network element: A group of resources that manipulates or stores user data and is managed as a single entity. 3.2.3 virtualisation: An abstraction whose function is to dedicate resources to a particular client. 4 Abbreviations and acronyms This Recommendation uses the fo
39、llowing abbreviations and acronyms: ACI Application-Control Interface API Application Programming Interface CLI Convergence Layer Interface DPCF Data Plane Control Function EAE Energy Aware Entity Rec. ITU-T L.1360 (12/2016) 3 EAS Energy Aware State GAL Green Abstraction Layer GSI Green Standard Int
40、erface HW Hardware LCP Local Control Policy NCP Network Control Policy NE Network Element NFV Network Function Virtualization OAM Operations Administration and Management ONF Open Networking Foundation OSS Operations Support System PMP Power Management Primitive QoS Quality of Service RCI Resource-C
41、ontrol Interface SDN Software-Defined Networking TCP Transmission Control Protocol 5 Conventions None. 6 Introduction Energy efficiency has become one of the most important aspects for both current and future telecommunications infrastructures. Taking energy into account induces a new constraint whe
42、n managing a network. This constraint is added to the three already existing constraints, namely quality of service (QoS), resilience and security. Network operators need to define the order in which the four constraints are taken into account in order to set-up the optimal set of hardware resources
43、. When dealing with quality of service, resilience and security, there are six possible combinations: QoS, security, resilience, QoS, resilience, security, security, QoS, resilience, security, resilience, QoS, resilience, QoS, security and resilience, security, QoS. Bearing in mind that the reputati
44、on of an operator can be ruined by a malicious user, security is the requirement to be firstly chosen. In addition, since resilience depends on QoS, the only possible combination is security, QoS, resilience. Adding energy to those three constraints induces four combinations: energy, security, QoS,
45、resilience, security, energy, QoS, resilience, security, QoS, energy, resilience and security, QoS, resilience, energy. Among these four possible combinations, two combinations are relevant: security, QoS, resilience, energy and security, energy, QoS, resilience. The first combination, in which ener
46、gy is the last constraint taken into account when defining the optimal set of hardware resources, means that the transition toward energy-efficient networks is done smoothly. The second combination, in which the energy constraint is before QoS and resilience, means that energy is more important than
47、 QoS. This case is possible in best-effort networks. To tackle the integration of the energy constraint into the networks, ETSI has recently standardized the green abstraction layer (GAL) ETSI ES 203 237 which is an interface between the data and 4 Rec. ITU-T L.1360 (12/2016) the control planes of a
48、 network that enables control plane processes to manage the power management capabilities of fixed network nodes to effectively adapt the energy consumption of the network nodes with respect to the load variations. One of the challenges is to now define the integration of GAL into a software-defined
49、 networking (SDN) architecture ITU-T Y.3302 in which the connections between a set of network resources are managed by one or more SDN controllers. 7 Green SDN architecture A way to define a green SDN architecture, i.e., an energy-efficient SDN, is to implement the green abstraction layer standard in the SDN architecture. 7.1 SDN architecture The SDN functional architecture ITU-T Y.3302 allocates virtualised network resources to customers applications. The virtualisation concept in SDN differ
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