1、INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION)45G134 2 TELECOMMUNICATIONSTANDARDIZATION SECTOROF ITU4%,%2!0(94%,%2!0(G0G042!.3-)33)/.$% hypothetical reference circuit (deprecated)F: communication fictive de rfrence (en tlgraphie); circuit fictif de rfrence (terme dconseill)S: conexin ficticia de referencia
2、(en telegrafa); circuito ficticio de referencia (desaconsejado)Hypothetical connection made up for two terminals in the world telex network, or other telegraph network,corresponding in principle to the most onerous case in order to study the transmission and switching characteristicsnecessary to ens
3、ure satisfactory operation.721.33.1402.24 subtelephone telegraphyF: tlgraphie infra-tlphoniqueS: telegralfa infratelefnica; telegrafa infraacsticaTelegraphy using a frequency band below that part of the audio range usually employed in telephonetransmission.02.25 super-telephone telegraphyF: tlgraphi
4、e supra-tlphoniqueS: telegrafa supratelefnica; telegrafa supraacsticaTelegraphy using a frequency band above that part of the audio range usually employed in telephonetransmission.31 SERIES GENERAL ALPHABETIC TELEGRAPHY31.01 code characterF: caractre (tlgraphique)S: carcter de cdigoThe set of conven
5、tional elements established by the code to enable the transmission of a written character(letter, figure, punctuation sign, arithmetical sign, etc.) or the control of a particular function (spacing, shift, line-feed,carriage return, phase correction, etc.); this set of elements being characterized b
6、y the variety, the duration and therelative position of the component elements (or by some of these features).Note The French and English terms are not equivalent.2 Fascicle VII.1 - Rec. R.14031.011 telegraph signalF: signal tlgraphiqueS: seial telegrficaA signal representing all or part of one or m
7、ore telegraph messages.721.31.0331.02 signal elementF: lment de signalS: elemento de sealEach of the parts constituting a signal and distinguished from the others by one or more characteristics such asits nature, magnitude, duration and relative position.721.21.0631.021 transitionF: transitionS: tra
8、nsicinA transient phenomenon separating two successive signal elements having different significant conditions.721.21.2831.022 change-overF: mutationS: cambioA change from one significant condition to another.721.21.2731.023 character signalF: signal de caractreS: seal de carcterA set of signal elem
9、ents representing a character.721.22.1031.024 character formatF: format de caractreS: formato de carcterA general description of a character signal, indicating for example the number of unit elements it contains.31.025 character lengthNumber of unit intervals contained in a character signal.31.05 st
10、art signalF: signal de dpartS: seal de arranqueIn start-stop transmission, a signal preceding each group of signal elements which prepares the receiving devicefor the reception of the elements of the group.721.22.15Fascicle VII.1 - Rec. R.140 331.051 start elementF: lment de dpartS: elemento de arra
11、nqueA start signal limited to one signal element generally having the duration of a unit interval.721.22.1631.06 stop signalF: signal darrtS: seal de paradaIn start-stop transmission, a signal following each group of signal elements which prepares the receiving devicefor the reception of the subsequ
12、ent start signal, or brings the device to rest.721.22.1731.061 stop elementF: lment darrtS: elemento de paradaA stop signal limited to one signal element having any duration equal to or greater than a specified minimumvalue.721.22.1831.07 telegraph codeF: code tlgraphiqueS: cdigo telegrficoA system
13、of rules and conventions according to which a succession of significant conditions representing amessage should be formed and translated in alphabetic telegraphy.721.31.0531.08 telegraph alphabetF: alphabet tlgraphiqueS: alfabeto telegrficoA convention indicating correspondence between a set of char
14、acters and a set of groups of elements whichrepresent them.721.31.0731.081 n-unit code alphabetF: alphabet dun code n momentsS: alfabeto de cdigo de n unidadesA telegraph alphabet indicating correspondence between a set of characters and a set of n-unit codecombinations.721.31.084 Fascicle VII.1 - R
15、ec. R.14031.082 international telegraph alphabet No. 1 (ITA1)F: alphabet tlgraphique international n 1 (ATI n 1)S: alfabeto telegrfico internacional N. 1 (ATI N. 1)A telegraph alphabet using a two-condition five-unit code, used in Baudot synchronous telegraphy.Note This alphabet is specified by Arti
16、cle 16 of the Telegraph Regulations, Geneva 1958.721.31.0931.083 international telegraph alphabet No. 2 (ITA2)F: alphabet tlgraphique international n 2 (ATI n 2)S: alfabeto telegrfico international N. 2 (ATI N. 2)An alphabet using a two-condition five-unit code, used in start-stop telegraphy general
17、ly for teleprinters.Note This alphabet is specified in Recommendation S.1.721.31.1031.084 international telegraph alphabet No. 3 (ITA3)F: alphabet tlgraphique international n 3 (ATI n 3)S: alfabeto telegrfico internacional N. 3 (ATI N. 3)An alphabet using the two-condition seven-unit constant-ratio
18、code.Note This alphabet is defined by CCIR Recommendation 342-2 or CCITT Recommendation S.13 (1972).721.31.1131.085 international telegraph alphabet No. 4 (ITA4)F: alphabet tlgraphique international n 4 (ATI n 4)S: alfabeto telegrfico international N. 4 (ATI N. 4)An alphabet using a two-condition si
19、x-unit code for the time division multiplex synchronous telegraphy,comprising in particular two code combinations corresponding to the permanent conditions A and Z, so that themultiplex channel can be operated in a switched network.Note This alphabet is defined in Recommendation R.44 (1968).721.31.1
20、231.086 international alphabet No. 5 (IA5)F: alphabet international n 5 (AI n 5)S: alfabeto internacional N. 5 (AI N. 5)An alphabet using a two-condition eight-unit code with seven primary information elements and one paritycheck element, comprising in particular upper and lower case characters, dia
21、critical signs and miscellaneous controlfunctions.Note The character coding rules using the seven primary elements are the subject of Recornmendations T.50and V.4.721.31.1331.09 characterF: caractre (dcriture)S: carcterA member of a set of elements agreed upon to be used for organisation, representa
22、tion or control ofinformation.Fascicle VII.1 - Rec. R.140 5Note Characters may be letters, digits, punctuation marks or other symbols and, by extension, functioncontrols such as space, shift, carriage return or line-feed contained in a message.721.22.0931.10 equal-length codeF: code momentsS: cdigo
23、de igual longitudA code, the character signals of which are composed of the same number of unit elements.721.22.2131.11 n-unit codeF: code n moments; code n lements (unitaires)S: cdigo de n unidades; cdigo de n elementos unitariosEqual-length code according to which the character signals are compose
24、d of n unit elements.721.22.2231.111 code combinationF: combinaison de codeS: combinacin de cdigoA combination of n-unit elements formed in accordance with an n-unit code which assigns a significantcondition to each of the unit elements.721.22.2331.112 code elementF: lment de codeS: elemento de cdig
25、oA unit element constituting part of a character signal from the arrangements of which a code combination isformed.Note Figure 1/R.140 shows an example of the use of this term.31.113 redundant codeF: code redondantS: cdigo redundanteA code using more signal elements than strictly necessary to repres
26、ent the contents of the message.6 Fascicle VII.1 - Rec. R.140For example:1 A seven-unit code, such as International Telegraph Alphabet No. 3 which uses only character signals made offour unit elements of A condition and three unit elements of Z condition, is redundant.2 A five-unit code, using all t
27、he characters of International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2, is not redundant.721.27.2331.12 code conversionF: conversion de codeS: conversin de cdigoThe conversion from a representation of coded information to another representation of the same information inaccordance with another code.Example: Conver
28、sion of character signals or groups of character signals in one telegraph code intocorresponding signals or groups of signals in another code.721.21.2131.14 semateme (not used in English)F: smatme ( lmission)S: sematemaContiguous succession in time of significant conditions.721.31.1431.15 restitutio
29、nF: restitutionS: restitucinThe formation of a succession in time of significant conditions resulting from a received signal.721.31.1531.211 significant conditionF: tat significatifS: estado significativo; condicin significativaCondition of a signal element defining the meaning of that signal elemen
30、t, in accordance with a code.Note This condition can be a function of the value of the signal element e.g. amplitude, frequency, phase or acombination of these.721.21.2231.22 significant intervalF: intervalle significatifS: intervalo significativoTime interval between two consecutive significant ins
31、tants.721.21.30Fascicle VII.1 - Rec. R.140 731.23 theoretical duration of a significant intervalF: dure thorique dun intervalle significatifS: duracin terica de un intervalo significativoThe exact duration prescribed for a significant interval.Note In determining this duration, the standardized and,
32、 where necessary, the mean modulation rate has to betaken into account.721.21.3131.24 significant instantF: instant significatifS: instante significativoThat instant at which a change-over occurs.Note The instant of change from one significant condition to another.721.21.2931.25 restitution delayF:
33、dlai de restitution retard la restitutionS: retardo de restitucin; retardo en la restitucinTransfer time of a significant instant between a transmitter and the corresponding receiver.31.26 unit intervalF: intervalle unitaireS: intervalo unitarioThe shortest theoretical duration of a significant inte
34、rval.Note In telegraphy the unit interval is the same as the minimal interval.31.27 modulation rateF: rapidit de modulationS: velocidad de modulacinThe reciprocal of the duration of the unit interval or of the shortest theoretical duration of signal element.721.22.2631.271 character rateF: rapidit d
35、e transfert de caractresS: velocidad de caracteresThe average number of characters transferred per unit time between two points.721.22.298 Fascicle VII.1 - Rec. R.14031.272 binary rateF: dbit binaireS: velocidad binariaThe aggregate rate in a transmission path expressed in bits per second.Note 1 The
36、 transmission rate is given by:iim=11Tilog2niwherem is the number of parallel transmission channels,Tiis the shortest theoretical duration of signal element for the ith channel expressed in seconds, andnithe number of significant conditions of the modulation in the ith channel.For a single channel (
37、serial transmission) it reduces to:1Tlog2n;with two-condition modulation (n = 2), it is 1 / T.For a parallel transmission with equal minimum intervals and equal number of significant conditions on eachchannel, it is:m 1Tlog2n;with two-condition modulation it reduces to m/T.Note 2 The symbol of the u
38、nit of binary rate is bit/s.721.22.3031.273 effective character rateF: cadence utile de transfertS: velocidad efectiva de caracteresThe average number of binary digits, characters or blocks transferred per unit time between two points andaccepted as valid at the reception.721.22.3131.274 full charac
39、ter rateIn synchronous telegraphy, the maximum number of character signals per unit time achievable in a givensynchronous channel.31.275 half quarter character rateCharacter rate reduced to one half one quarter of the full character rate by using half quarter of the availabletime in the full rate ch
40、annel.Fascicle VII.1 - Rec. R.140 931.28 baud (Bd)F: baud (Bd)S: baudio (Bd)The unit of modulation rate; the number of bauds is equal to the reciprocal of the duration in seconds of theshortest signal element or of the unit interval in such signal.Note For example, if the duration of the unit interv
41、al is 20 ms, the modulation rate is 50 bauds.721.22.2731.29 isochronousF: isochroneS: iscronoPertaining to a signal or a time-varying phenomenon characterized by significant instants separated by timeintervals having a duration theoretically equal to the duration of a unit interval or to an integral
42、 multiple of thisduration.721.22.0131.291 anisochronousF: anisochroneS: aniscronoPertaining to a signal or a time-varying phenomenon characterized by significant instants separated by timeintervals having durations not constrained to be all equal to the duration of a unit interval or to an integral
43、multiple ofthis duration.721.22.0231.30 start-stop telegraph signalF: signal tlgraphique arythmiqueS: seal telegrfica arrtmicaA telegraph signal containing sequences of unit elements, each sequence being of equal duration andcorresponding to a transmitted character and preceded by a start element an
44、d followed by a period of condition Z, theduration of which is not fixed.721.22.0331.35 number of significant conditionsF: valenceS: valencia (nmero de estados significativos)Number of different significant conditions that a signal element can assume in accordance with a code.721.21.2331.351 two con
45、dition three condition four conditionF: bivalent etc.S: bivalente trivalente tetravalent; de dos estados, etc.A qualifying term indicating that the number of significant conditions used is two three four.721.21.24-2610 Fascicle VII.1 - Rec. R.14031.37(or the countries of English language. The Englis
46、h and French terminologies do not correspond.)marking; spacing (see also Definition 31.38)mark; spaceF: travail; reposS: trabajo, reposoDesignation of the two significant conditions of a binary modulation (or restitution).The English term “marking” or “mark” French term1 In Morse, corresponds to tho
47、se portions of dot and dash signals that,for example, when actuating a Morse inker, will cause the inkerto mark the paper.1. Travail2 In printing telegraphy, corresponds to the significant condition thatresults in an active selecting operation in a receiving apparatus.2. Repos or travailaccording to
48、 thesystemNote 1 In start-stop automatic transmission, the term correspondsto the perforation of a hole in the tape.idemNote 2 In standardized start-stop telegraphy the term correspondsto the “stop” element.Repos3 In isochronous systems, the term that is arbitrarily assigned to oneor the other of th
49、e two signalling conditions3. Repos or travailaccording tothe systemThe English term “spacing” or“space”1. In Morse, corresponds to the spaces separating marking signals andto the spaces separating complete characters.1. Repos2. In printing telegraphy, corresponds to the significant condition thatresults in a passive selecting operation in a receiving apparatus.2. Travail or r
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