1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T X.604TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (03/2010) SERIES X: DATA NETWORKS, OPEN SYSTEM COMMUNICATIONS AND SECURITY OSI networking and system aspects Networking Information technology Mobile multicast communications: Framework Recommendation I
2、TU-T X.604 ITU-T X-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS DATA NETWORKS, OPEN SYSTEM COMMUNICATIONS AND SECURITY PUBLIC DATA NETWORKS Services and facilities X.1X.19 Interfaces X.20X.49 Transmission, signalling and switching X.50X.89 Network aspects X.90X.149 Maintenance X.150X.179 Administrative arrangements X.180
3、X.199 OPEN SYSTEMS INTERCONNECTION Model and notation X.200X.209 Service definitions X.210X.219 Connection-mode protocol specifications X.220X.229 Connectionless-mode protocol specifications X.230X.239 PICS proformas X.240X.259 Protocol Identification X.260X.269 Security Protocols X.270X.279 Layer M
4、anaged Objects X.280X.289 Conformance testing X.290X.299 INTERWORKING BETWEEN NETWORKS General X.300X.349 Satellite data transmission systems X.350X.369 IP-based networks X.370X.379 MESSAGE HANDLING SYSTEMS X.400X.499 DIRECTORY X.500X.599 OSI NETWORKING AND SYSTEM ASPECTS Networking X.600X.629Effici
5、ency X.630X.639 Quality of service X.640X.649 Naming, Addressing and Registration X.650X.679 Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) X.680X.699 OSI MANAGEMENT Systems management framework and architecture X.700X.709 Management communication service and protocol X.710X.719 Structure of management inform
6、ation X.720X.729 Management functions and ODMA functions X.730X.799 SECURITY X.800X.849 OSI APPLICATIONS Commitment, concurrency and recovery X.850X.859 Transaction processing X.860X.879 Remote operations X.880X.889 Generic applications of ASN.1 X.890X.899 OPEN DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING X.900X.999 INFO
7、RMATION AND NETWORK SECURITY X.1000X.1099 SECURE APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES X.1100X.1199 CYBERSPACE SECURITY X.1200X.1299 SECURE APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES X.1300X.1399 CYBERSECURITY INFORMATION EXCHANGE X.1500X.1598 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T X.
8、604 (03/2010) i INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 24793-1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-T X.604 Information technology Mobile multicast communications: Framework Summary Recommendation ITU-T X.604 | ISO/IEC 24793-1 describes the framework of mobile multicast communications (MMC). MMC is intended for real-time, on
9、e-to-many multicast services and applications over mobile communications networks. This Recommendation | International Standard specifies the design principles, functional architecture, and high-level information flows for MMC over wireless mobile networks. History Edition Recommendation Approval St
10、udy Group 1.0 ITU-T X.604 2010-03-01 11 Keywords Framework, IP multicasting, mobile multicast communication, overlay multicasting, wireless/mobile network. ii Rec. ITU-T X.604 (03/2010) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of
11、telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing te
12、lecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by th
13、e procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both
14、a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when al
15、l of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RI
16、GHTS ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by I
17、TU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this
18、 may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2011 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T
19、 X.604 (03/2010) iii CONTENTS Page 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Abbreviations . 2 5 Introduction 2 5.1 Market trends 2 5.2 Network environments 3 5.3 Related Standards 4 6 Design considerations . 7 6.1 Target applications and services . 7 6.2 Design principles . 7 6.3 Netwo
20、rk models 8 6.4 Functional requirements 9 7 Functional architecture . 10 7.1 Functional entities . 10 7.2 Reference configuration of functional entities 11 7.3 MMC functionality 13 8 High-level information flows . 15 8.1 Service subscription and session announcement . 15 8.2 Multicast data transport
21、 . 16 8.3 Session join and leave . 16 8.4 Configuration of MMC agents 17 8.5 Status monitoring 17 8.6 Mobility support 18 Annex A Applicability of MMC protocols to OMA/BCAST . 20 Bibliography 21 iv Rec. ITU-T X.604 (03/2010) Introduction The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and t
22、he International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) established the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to dea
23、l with particular fields of the technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations be they government or non-government also take part in the work in liaison with ISO and IEC. In the field of information technology, ISO an
24、d IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. Rec. ITU-T X.604.x | ISO/IEC 24793 consists of the following parts under the general title, Information technology Mobile multicast communications: Part 1: Framework (Rec. ITU-T X.604 | ISO/IEC 24793-1, MMC-1) Part 2: Protocol over n
25、ative IP multicast networks (Rec. ITU-T X.604.1 | ISO/IEC 24793-2, MMC-2) Part 3: Protocol over overlay multicast networks (Rec. ITU-T X.604.2 | ISO/IEC 24793-3, MMC-3) ISO/IEC 24793-1:2010 (E) Rec. ITU-T X.604 (03/2010) 1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD RECOMMENDATION ITU-T Information technology Mobile mul
26、ticast communications: Framework 1 Scope This Recommendation | International Standard describes the mobile multicast communications (MMC), which can be used to support a variety of multimedia multicasting services in IP-based wireless mobile networks as well as wired fixed networks. MMC targets real
27、-time, one-to-many multicast services and applications over mobile communications networks. This implies that MMC focuses on multicast services rather than broadcast services, and that only authenticated users could be allowed in the multicast session. MMC also considers the one-to-many multicast se
28、ssion wherein a single multicast sender is allowed in the session rather than many-to-many multicast services. In addition, MMC is targeted in the real-time multicast session rather than the reliable multicast session; the timely delivery of multicast data is considered a key factor. This Recommenda
29、tion | International Standard specifies the MMC framework as part of the MMC standard describing the framework and functional architecture of MMC. Based on this framework, the two protocols for MMC will be developed in two parts of the MMC project: protocol over native IP multicast networks and prot
30、ocol over overlay multicast networks. 2 Normative references The following Recommendations and International Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation | International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated w
31、ere valid. All Recommendations and Standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Recommendation | International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and Standards listed below. Members of IEC an
32、d ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. The Telecommunication Standardization Bureau of the ITU maintains a list of currently valid ITU-T Recommendations. Recommendation ITU-T X.603 (2004) | ISO/IEC 16512-1:2005, Information technology Relayed multicast protocol: Framewo
33、rk. Recommendation ITU-T X.603.1 (2007) | ISO/IEC 16512-2:2008, Information technology Relayed multicast protocol: Specification for simplex group applications. The following IETF standard track RFCs specify the multicast forwarding capability in IP multicast networks: IETF RFC 2236 (1997), Internet
34、 Group Management Protocol, Version 2, Proposed Standard. IETF RFC 3810 (2004), Multicast Listener Discovery Version 2 (MLDv2) for IPv6, Proposed Standard. IETF RFC 4601 (2006), Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse Mode (PIM-SM): Protocol Specification (Revised), Proposed Standard. 3 Definitions Th
35、is Recommendation | International Standard uses the terms defined in the relayed multicast protocol (Rec. ITU-T X.603 | ISO/IEC 16512-1). The following terms are also used in this Recommendation | International Standard: 3.1 multicast network: Multicast network refers to any of the networks wherein
36、legacy IP multicasting schemes are enabled with the help of multicast routing protocols, multicast forwarding capability of multicast routers in the networks, link-layer multicasting of the points of attachment in the network, and multicast membership signalling in the subnet such as IGMP/MLD. MMC s
37、ervices could be provisioned over the multicast network. 3.2 overlay multicast network: An overlay multicast network pertains to a network wherein legacy IP multicasting schemes are not fully supported. In this network, multicast application data are delivered using unicast transport such as TCP, UD
38、P, or IP-in-IP tunnelling schemes. In particular, the unicast delivery of multicast data may be done in backbone networks. In the overlay multicast network, IP multicast transport may be used in a portion of the network. For example, as shown in the RMCP protocol (Rec. ITU-T X.603 | ISO/IEC 16512-1)
39、, subnet multicasting may be used in the end subnets where the multicast sender or receiver is located. In the overlay multicast network, ISO/IEC 24793-1:2010 (E) 2 Rec. ITU-T X.604 (03/2010) multicast data may be delivered using the unicast relay of multicast agents and subnet multicasting capabili
40、ty. MMC services could be provisioned over the overlay multicast network. 4 Abbreviations For the purposes of this Recommendation | International Standard, the following abbreviations apply: AAA Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting AS Authentication Server BCMCS Broadcast Multicast Services
41、 BWA Broadband Wireless Access ECTP Enhanced Communications Transport Protocol FMC Fixed Mobile Convergence IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol IP Internet Protocol IPTV IP-based TV MA Multicast Agent MBMS Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services MCS Multicast Contents Server MLD Multicast Listen
42、er Discovery MMC Mobile Multicast Communications MMCF MMC Framework MN Mobile Node MS Mobile Station NGN Next Generation Networks RMCP Relayed Multicast Protocol SDO Standards Development Organization SM Session Manager WLAN Wireless Local Area Network 5 Introduction This Recommendation | Internatio
43、nal Standard deals with mobile multicast communications (MMC). MMC is targeted to enable and support a variety of multimedia multicast applications and services over the wireless/mobile networks as well as the wired/fixed networks. This Recommendation | International Standard describes the MMC frame
44、work (MMCF). Based on this framework, the two protocols required for MMC will be developed. This clause will first describe the rationale for MMC from the perspective of market trends and evolving network environments. In addition, some related works that have been made in other SDOs will be reviewe
45、d. 5.1 Market trends From the market perspective, the work on MMC is driven by the following observations: a) Growth of IP-based multimedia broadcast/multicast services markets In telecommunications markets, there is a crucial need to provide multimedia multicasting and broadcasting services all ove
46、r the world. With the help of broadband networks, efficient multimedia platforms including audio/video codecs, and IP-based network transport and application technologies, the ISO/IEC 24793-1:2010 (E) Rec. ITU-T X.604 (03/2010) 3 markets for IP-based multimedia broadcasting and multicasting services
47、 are expected to grow in next generation communications networks. Examples of these multimedia multicast/broadcast services include Internet TV (IPTV), remote education, broadcasting of special live events, etc. b) Increasing needs of multimedia broadcast/multicast services over wireless mobile netw
48、orks The recent trend in the mobile communications industry reflects the increasing demands of multimedia multicast/broadcast applications and services over wireless/mobile networks. In fact, IP-based multimedia broadcasting/multicasting services will be some of the primary killer applications from
49、the perspective of mobile service providers. Examples of these mobile multicast applications/services include mobile IPTV, mobile commerce (m-commerce), and digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) using mobile devices such as cellular phone, PDA, handheld PCs, etc. These mobile multicasting services are expected to be provisioned through a variety of wireless access networks such as cdma2000, W-CDMA, wireless LAN (WLAN) based on IEEE 802.11, and broadband wireless access (BWA) based on IEEE 802.16. Mo
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