1、INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU X.931 (06/99) SERIES X: DATA NETVVORKS AND OPEN SYSTEM CO MM U N I CATIONS Open distributed processing Information technology - Open distributed processing - Protocol support for computational interactions IT
2、U-T Recommendation X.931 (Previously CCITT Recommendation) INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU=T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU X.931 (06199) SERIES X: DATA NETWORKS AND OPEN SYSTEM COM M U N I CAT I ON S Open distributed processing Information technology - Open distributed pr
3、ocessing - Protocol support for computational interactions ITU-T Recommendation X.931 (Previously CCITT Recommendation) 4862591 Obb9394 561 ITU-T X-SERTES RECOMMENDATIONS DATA NETWORKS AND OPEN SYSTEM COMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC DATA NETWORKS Services and facilities Interfaces Transmission, signalling and
4、 switching Network aspects Maintenance Administrative arrangements Model and notation Service definitions Connection-mode protocol specifications Connectionless-mode protocol specifications PICS proformas Protocol Identincation Security Protocols Layer Managed Objects Conformance testing General Sat
5、ellite data transmission systems MESSAGE HANDLING SYSTEMS DIRECTORY OS1 NETWORKING AND SYSTEM ASPECTS OPEN SYSTEMS INTERCONNECTION MTERWORKING BETWEEN NETWORKS Networking Efficiency Quality of service Naming, Addressing and Registration Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN. 1) Systems Management framew
6、ork and architecture Management Communication Service and Protocol Structure of Management Information Management hctions and ODMA functions OS1 MANAGEMENT SECURITY OS1 APPLICATIONS Commitment, Concurrency and Recovery Transaction processing X. l-X. 19 X.20-X.49 X.50-X.89 X.90-X.149 X.150-X.179 X.18
7、0-X.199 X.200-X.209 X.2 10-X.2 19 X.220-X.229 X.230-X.239 X.240-X.259 X. 260-X. 269 X. 270-X. 279 X.280-X.289 X.290-X.299 X. 300-X. 349 X.350-X.399 X.400-X.499 X. 500-X. 599 X. 600-X. 629 X.63 0-X.63 9 X.640-X.649 X.650-X.679 X.680-X.699 X. 700-X. 70 9 X.7 10-X.7 19 X.720-X.729 X.730-X.799 X.800-X.8
8、49 X.850-X.859 X.860-X. 879 For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 14752 ITU-T RECOMMENDATION X.931 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY - OPEN DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING - PROTOCOL SUPPORT FOR COMPUTATIONAL INTERACTIONS Summary This Recommendation 1 Intemational St
9、andard defines how interactions between objects in different ODP systems can be supported using different communication protocols. In particular it: defines a General Interworking Framework (GiF); within the GIF, defines a family of functionally-related service primitives; specifies the mapping og t
10、he GIF service primitives and their parameters to the messages and field of particular protocols, including OMG CORBA GlOP. Source The IT-T Recommendation X.931 was approved on the 18th of June 1999. The identical text is also published as ISO/IEC International Standard 14752. ITU-T RW. X931(1999 E)
11、 i FOREWORD ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommuni- cations. The IT Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. The lT-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questio
12、ns and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommend
13、ations on these topics. The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with IS0 and IEC
14、. NOTE In this Recommendation the term recognized operating agency (ROA) includes any individual, company, corporation or governmental organization that operates a public correspondence service. The terms Administration, ROA and public correspondence are defined in the Constitution of the ITU (Genev
15、a, 1992). INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS The ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. The ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellect
16、ual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, the IT had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation.
17、However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. * Ail rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, includin
18、g photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the IT. 11 ITU-T Rec. X931(1999 E) O ITU 1999 CONTENTS Page 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative References . 2 2.1 Identical Recommendation I International Standards . 2 2.2 Other Specifications . 2 3 Definitions . 2 Terms defined in the ODP Refer
19、ence Model: Foundations -2 Terms defined in the ODP Reference Model: Architecture 3 3.3 Definitions for protocol support for computational interactions . 3 4 Abbreviations . 4 5 Conventions . 4 6 Overview 4 6.1 General interworking Framework . 4 6.2 Liaisons between channel objects . 5 3.1 3.2 6.3 F
20、acilities of the GIF . 6 6.4 Computational operations and Signais . 6 6.5 Encoding of computational information 7 7 Interface references . 7 8 Service model . 8.1 Service primitives . 8.2 Associations 9 Basic interworking facility 9.1 Request . 9.2 Result . . 9.3 Cancel . . 9.4 Abort . . 9.5 State t
21、able for the Basic Interworking Fa . 10 Access facility 10.2 Syntax-advise . . 10.3 Access-cancel . 10.4 Access-abo rt 1 O. 5 State table for the Access Facility., . 10.1 Syntax-propose . 11 Location facility . . 11.1 Location-query 11.2 Location-advise . 11.3 Location-cancel . . 11.4 Location-abort
22、 . 1 1.5 State table for the Location Facility 12 Association management facility,. . 12.1 Association-request . . 12.2 Association-accept . 12.3 Association-reject 12.4 Association-close . 12.5 Association-abort . 12.6 State table for the Association Management Facility 7 7 8 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 12
23、13 13 14 14 15 15 15 16 17 17 18 18 18 19 19 20 20 . ITU-T Rec. X931(1999 E) 111 Annex A . Mapping to CORJ3A GIOP and IIOP . A . 1 Introduction . A.2 Conventions . A.3 Generic Inter-Orb Protocol . A.4 Mapping of parameters A.5 GIOP Message encoding A.6 Internet Inter-Orb Protocol . A.7 Mapping of As
24、sociation management primitives to TCP events A.8 Interface references Annex B - Outline of mapping to DCE-CIOP . Page 22 22 22 22 24 27 21 27 28 29 iv ITU-T Rec . X.931(1999 E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ITU-T RECOMMENDATION INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY - OPEN DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING - PROTOCOL SUPPORT FOR CO
25、MPUTATIONAL INTERACTIONS 1 Scope This Recommendation I International Standard is based on the framework of abstractions and concepts developed in the Reference Model for Open Distributed Processing (ITU-T Rec. X.902 I ISO/IEC 10746-2 and ITU-T Rec. X.903 1 This Recommendation I International Standar
26、d defines how interactions between computational objects in a computational specification of a system relate to protocol support for those interactions in an engineering specification of that system. In particular it: ISOAEC 10746-3). - - defines a General Interworiang Framework (GTF); within the GI
27、F, defines a set of facilities each comprising a set of functionally-related service primitives as abstract definitions of the interactions of basic engineering objects and channel objects; defines the parameters of the service primitives of the GIF; defines the permitted sequence of the service pri
28、mitives by means of state tables; specifies, in annexes, the mapping of the GIF service primitives and their parameters to the messages and fields of particular protocols. As specified in this Recommendation I International Standard, the GIF defines protocol support for a pragmatic subset of the pos
29、sible computational interactions defined in IT-T Rec. X.903 I ISO/IEC 10746-3. It is also restricted in the features of the protocol support and the supported transparencies. The GIF, as specified here, defines: - - - - - support for computational operations, but not for streams; support using stub,
30、 binder and protocol objects hierarchically, such that any interaction at the interworking reference point of the supporting protocol object supports liaisons of one of those objects or of the basic engineering object, and any interaction to support those liaisons is passed via that interworking ref
31、erence point; and interactions at a single intenvorking reference point, from the perspective of one side; interceptors are not explicitly considered; NOTE 1 - It is intended that the GF could be extended, in a future amendment, to support streams and flows. The present specification is restricted t
32、o areas that are technically stable. - The GIF supports at least some forms of - access transparency; and - location transparency. The GIF as specified here also supports a limited equivalent of relocation transparency. Other transparencies are not addressed in this present specification. NOTE 2 - I
33、t is intended that the GIF could be extended, in future amendments, to support additional transparencies. The GIF does not explicitly model Quality of Service requirements. The application of security-related issues to the GIF are not included in the current text and are for further study. The set o
34、f mappings to particular protocols specified in annexes to this Recommendation I International Standard is not exhaustive. The GIF could be mapped to other protocols. NOTE 3 - In particular, a mapping to the DCOM protocol family would be a candidate for an additional annex. ITU-T RC. X.931(1999 E) 1
35、 ISO/IEC 14752 : 1999 (E) 2 Normative References The following Recommendations and Intemational Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation I International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. Ai
36、l Recommendations and Standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Recommendation I Intemational Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and Standards listed below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain
37、 registers of currently valid International Standards. The Telecommunication Standardization Bureau of the ITU maintains a list of currently valid IT-T Recommendations. 2.1 Identical Recommendation I International Standards - ITU-T Recommendation X.210 (1993) I ISOIEC 10731:1994, Information technol
38、ogy - Open systems interconnection - Basic Reference Model - Conventions for the dejnition of OSI services. ITU-T Recommendation X.902 (1995) I ISO/IEC 10746-2:1996, Information technology - Open distri- buted processing - Reference Model: Foundations. ITU-T Recommendation X.903 (1995) I ISO/IEC 107
39、46-3:1996, Information technology - Open distri- buted processing - Reference Model: Architecture. ITU-T Recommendation X.920 (1997) I ISO/IEC 14750: 1999, Information technology - Open distributed processing - Interface dejnition language. -T Recommendation X.930 (1998) I ISO/IEC 14753: 1999, Infor
40、mation technology - Open disributed processing - Interface re ferences and bindings. - - - - 2.2 Other Specifications The edition of CORBA 21 indicated below was valid at the time of publication of this Recommendation I International Standard. COMA 21 is subject to revision, and parties to agreement
41、s based on this Recommendation I International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying later editions of CORBA 21 when they become available. CORBA 21 - The Common Object Request Broker: Architecture and Specification, Revision 2.3, Object Management Group, December 1998 (
42、OMG Doc Number: FormaL98-12-01). RFC 793, “Transmission Control Protocol“, 1981. - - 3 Definitions For the purposes of this Recommendation I International Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 Terms defined in the ODP Reference Model: Foundations This Specification makes use of the followin
43、g terms defined in IT-T Rec. X.902 I ISO/iEC 10746-2: a) binding; c) client object; c) initiating object; d) interface; e) interface signature; f) name; g) object; h) reference point; i) responding object; j) server object; k) viewpoint. 2 ITU-T Rec. X931(1999 E) 48b259L Obb93L9 880 I IsO/IEC 14752
44、: 1999 (E) 3.2 This Specification makes use of the following terms defined in ITU-T Rec. X.903 I ISO/IEC 10746-3. Terms defined in the ODP Reference Model: Architecture a) announcement; b) basic engineering object; c) binder; d) capsule e) channel; f) computational object; g) computational language;
45、 h) computational viewpoint; i) engineering viewpoint, j) interrogation; k) interceptor; 1) invocation; - m) (computational) operation; n) operation interface; o) protocol object; p) signal; q) signal interface; r) stub; s) termination. 3.3 This Specification makes use of the following terms. 3.3.1
46、to be used for the operation data to be transmitted over the channel. Definitions for protocol support for computational interactions access facility: A set of service primitives that allow a stub objects to negotiate the abstract and transfer syntax 3.3.2 association: A relationship (binding) betwe
47、en protocol objects (or between a protocol object and an interceptor) that is established independently of the protocol exchanges that support a particular computational interaction. 3.3.3 association management facility: A set of service primitives which support the management of an association bet
48、ween protocol objects. 3.3.4 basic interworking facility: A set of service primitives which have a direct correspondence with computa- tional signals which model computational operations. 3.3.5 client-side: A node, cluster or capsule, which: a) b) contains a basic engineering object corresponding to
49、 a computational client object; and contains, or is potentially capable of containing, stub, binder and protocol objects in a channel supporting operations involving the client object. The term client-side is used prior to the establishment of a channel, during the channels lifetime and after it has terminated. 3.3.6 deliver primitive: A service primitive for which the protocol object is the responding objec of the corresponding communication. 3.3.7 invocation submit: A signal in the implicitly defined signal interface of a client computational o
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