1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T Y.2062TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (03/2012) SERIES Y: GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE, INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS AND NEXT-GENERATION NETWORKS Next Generation Networks Frameworks and functional architecture models Framework of object-
2、to-object communication for ubiquitous networking in next generation networks Recommendation ITU-T Y.2062 ITU-T Y-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE, INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS AND NEXT-GENERATION NETWORKS GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE General Y.100Y.199 Services, applicatio
3、ns and middleware Y.200Y.299 Network aspects Y.300Y.399 Interfaces and protocols Y.400Y.499 Numbering, addressing and naming Y.500Y.599 Operation, administration and maintenance Y.600Y.699 Security Y.700Y.799 Performances Y.800Y.899 INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS General Y.1000Y.1099 Services and applica
4、tions Y.1100Y.1199 Architecture, access, network capabilities and resource management Y.1200Y.1299 Transport Y.1300Y.1399 Interworking Y.1400Y.1499 Quality of service and network performance Y.1500Y.1599 Signalling Y.1600Y.1699 Operation, administration and maintenance Y.1700Y.1799 Charging Y.1800Y.
5、1899 IPTV over NGN Y.1900Y.1999 NEXT GENERATION NETWORKS Frameworks and functional architecture models Y.2000Y.2099Quality of Service and performance Y.2100Y.2199 Service aspects: Service capabilities and service architecture Y.2200Y.2249 Service aspects: Interoperability of services and networks in
6、 NGN Y.2250Y.2299 Numbering, naming and addressing Y.2300Y.2399 Network management Y.2400Y.2499 Network control architectures and protocols Y.2500Y.2599 Smart ubiquitous networks Y.2600Y.2699 Security Y.2700Y.2799 Generalized mobility Y.2800Y.2899 Carrier grade open environment Y.2900Y.2999 Future n
7、etworks Y.3000Y.3099 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T Y.2062 (03/2012) i Recommendation ITU-T Y.2062 Framework of object-to-object communication for ubiquitous networking in next generation networks Summary Recommendation ITU-T Y.2062 describes the c
8、oncept and high-level architectural model of object-to-object communication for ubiquitous networking in next generation networks (NGNs). It also presents requirements and a mechanism for identification of all objects and for providing connectivity to them. History Edition Recommendation Approval St
9、udy Group 1.0 ITU-T Y.2062 2012-03-29 13 Keywords NGN, object, ubiquitous networking. ii Rec. ITU-T Y.2062 (03/2012) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs)
10、. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication St
11、andardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of informat
12、ion technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency.
13、 Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some ot
14、her obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or impl
15、ementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development proces
16、s. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly
17、urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2012 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T Y.2062 (03/2012) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Scope 1 2 References.
18、1 3 Definitions 1 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 1 3.2 Term defined in this Recommendation 2 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 2 5 Conventions 3 6 Ubiquitous networking in NGNs 3 6.1 Overview of ubiquitous networking . 3 6.2 Architectural model for ubiquitous networking . 4 7 Basic concept of object-to-obje
19、ct communication . 7 7.1 Objects in the ubiquitous networking environment 7 7.2 Characteristics of objects 7 8 Requirements of “connecting-to-anything“ capability for ubiquitous networking . 8 8.1 General requirements for object-to-object communication 8 8.2 Technical considerations for object-to-ob
20、ject communication 9 9 A mechanism for object-to-object communication: identity processing for connecting to anything 10 10 Security considerations . 12 Appendix I Characteristics and examples of objects in the ubiquitous networking environment 13 Appendix II Ubiquitous networking applications and e
21、xamples using object-to-object communication . 15 Bibliography. 16 Rec. ITU-T Y.2062 (03/2012) 1 Recommendation ITU-T Y.2062 Framework of object-to-object communication for ubiquitous networking in next generation networks 1 Scope This Recommendation describes the concept and high-level architectura
22、l model of object-to-object communication for ubiquitous networking in next generation networks (NGNs). It also presents requirements and a mechanism for identification of all objects and for providing connectivity to them. This Recommendation covers the following items: General overview of ubiquito
23、us networking in NGNs from the end-user perspective Basic concept and high-level architectural model for object-to-object communication using NGNs Requirements and technical considerations of object-to-object communication for ubiquitous networking A mechanism for object-to-object communication. 2 R
24、eferences The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision;
25、users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recom
26、mendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. ITU-T Y.2001 Recommendation ITU-T Y.2001 (2004), General overview of NGN. ITU-T Y.2002 Recommendation ITU-T Y.2002 (2009), Overview of ubiquitous networking and of its support in NGN. ITU-T Y.2291 Recommendation I
27、TU-T Y.2291 (2011), Architectural overview of next generation home networks. ITU-T Y.2701 Recommendation ITU-T Y.2701 (2007), Security requirements for NGN release 1. ITU-T Y.2702 Recommendation ITU-T Y.2702 (2008), Authentication and authorization requirements for NGN release 1. 3 Definitions 3.1 T
28、erms defined elsewhere This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 context ITU-T Y.2002: The information that can be used to characterize the environment of a user. NOTE Context information may include where the user is, what resources (devices, access points, noise level,
29、bandwidth, etc.) are near the user, at what time the user is moving, interaction history between person and objects, etc. According to specific applications, context information can be updated. 2 Rec. ITU-T Y.2062 (03/2012) 3.1.2 object ITU-T Y.2002: An intrinsic representation of an entity that is
30、described at an appropriate level of abstraction in terms of its attributes and functions. NOTE 1 An object is characterized by its behaviour. An object is distinct from any other object. An object interacts with its environment including other objects at its interaction points. An object is informa
31、lly said to perform functions and offer services (an object which makes a function available is said to offer a service). For modelling purposes, these functions and services are specified in terms of the behaviour of the object and of its interfaces. An object can perform more than one function. A
32、function can be performed by the cooperation of several objects. NOTE 2 Objects include terminal devices (e.g., used by a person to access the network such as mobile phones, Personal computers, etc.), remote monitoring devices (e.g., cameras, sensors, etc.), information devices (e.g., content delive
33、ry server), products, contents, and resources. 3.1.3 ubiquitous networking ITU-T Y.2002: The ability for persons and/or devices to access services and communicate while minimizing technical restrictions regarding where, when and how these services are accessed, in the context of the service(s) subsc
34、ribed to. NOTE Although technical restrictions to access services and communicate may be minimized, other constraints such as regulatory, national, provider and environmental constraints may impose further restrictions. 3.2 Term defined in this Recommendation None. 4 Abbreviations and acronyms This
35、Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: ANI Application to Network Interface API Application Programming Interface BT Bio Technology CT Content Technology ID Identifier IdM Identity Management IP Internet Protocol IT Information Technology ITS Intelligent Transportation System
36、LAN Local Area Network LTE Long Term Evolution NGN Next Generation Network NT Nano Technology PC Personal Computer PDA Personal Digital Assistant QoE Quality of Experience QoS Quality of Service RFID Radio Frequency Identifier UNI User to Network Interface Rec. ITU-T Y.2062 (03/2012) 3 URI Uniform R
37、esource Identifier URL Uniform Resource Locator WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access WLAN Wireless Local Area Network xDSL Various types of Digital Subscriber Lines 5 Conventions In this Recommendation: The keywords “is required to“ indicate a requirement which must be strictly foll
38、owed and from which no deviation is permitted, if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. The keywords “is prohibited from“ indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted, if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. The keywor
39、ds “is recommended“ indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus, this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. The keywords “is not recommended“ indicate a requirement which is not recommended but which is not specifically prohibited. Thus, con
40、formance with this Recommendation can still be claimed even if this requirement is present. The keywords “can optionally“ indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendors implementation must pr
41、ovide the option, and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with this Recommendation. 6 Ubiquitous networking in NGNs 6.1 Overview of ubiquitous networking The term “u
42、biquitous networking“ as defined in clause 3.1.3 is used for networking capabilities to support various classes of applications and services which require the “Any services, any time, any where and any objects“ operation using NGN-enabled capabilities. This networking capability should support perso
43、n-to-person, person-to-object (e.g., device and/or machine), and object-to-object communications. For object-to-object communication, an object delivers information (e.g., sensor-related information) to another object, with or without the involvement of persons. Figure 1 shows a general network conf
44、iguration for ubiquitous networking. Objects around us are connected to the network and communicate through the establishment of end-to-end connectivity between them. Objects which are not moving are called fixed objects. Objects which move from one place to another are called mobile objects. Logica
45、l objects (e.g., contents in a server, resources, etc.) are considered as entities to be connected. These objects are connected to an NGN via wired or wireless interfaces in a fixed environment (e.g., home, building, etc.) or mobile environment (e.g., vehicle). In particular, some physical objects (
46、i.e., fixed objects and/or mobile objects) are connected as logical objects through their virtual representation to be identifiable. A gateway can be used as an intermediate node between object(s) and a network. Depending on communication environment, a home network can reside in the position of gat
47、eway. 4 Rec. ITU-T Y.2062 (03/2012) Y.2062(12)_F01G/WObjectFixed/mobile objectsG/WHomenetworkFixed objectNGNMobile objectWired interface Wireless interfaceGatewayG/WOthernetworksLogical objectsin a serverMoving vehicleObjects in a home/buildingFigure 1 General network configuration for ubiquitous ne
48、tworking 6.2 Architectural model for ubiquitous networking From the architectural model for ubiquitous networking in Figure 2 of ITU-T Y.2002 (reproduced here as Figure 2), enhanced capabilities for ubiquitous networking in NGNs include: Connecting-to-anything capabilities Open web-based service env
49、ironment capabilities Context-awareness and seamless capabilities Multi-networking capabilities End-to-end connectivity over interconnected networks. Among the specified capabilities, “connecting-to-anything“ is tightly related to functionalities on the end-user side of NGNs. This Recommendation focuses mainly on object-to-object communication to support the connecting-to-anything capability for ubiquitous networking on the end-user side. Rec. ITU-T Y.2062 (03/2012) 5 Y.2062(12)_F02Ubiquitous n
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