1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T Y.2233TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (06/2010) SERIES Y: GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE, INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS AND NEXT-GENERATION NETWORKS Next Generation Networks Service aspects: Service capabilities and service architecture Req
2、uirements and framework allowing accounting and charging capabilities in NGN Recommendation ITU-T Y.2233 ITU-T Y-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE, INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS AND NEXT-GENERATION NETWORKS GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE General Y.100Y.199 Services, application
3、s and middleware Y.200Y.299 Network aspects Y.300Y.399 Interfaces and protocols Y.400Y.499 Numbering, addressing and naming Y.500Y.599 Operation, administration and maintenance Y.600Y.699 Security Y.700Y.799 Performances Y.800Y.899 INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS General Y.1000Y.1099 Services and applicat
4、ions Y.1100Y.1199 Architecture, access, network capabilities and resource management Y.1200Y.1299 Transport Y.1300Y.1399 Interworking Y.1400Y.1499 Quality of service and network performance Y.1500Y.1599 Signalling Y.1600Y.1699 Operation, administration and maintenance Y.1700Y.1799 Charging Y.1800Y.1
5、899 IPTV over NGN Y.1900Y.1999 NEXT GENERATION NETWORKS Frameworks and functional architecture models Y.2000Y.2099 Quality of Service and performance Y.2100Y.2199 Service aspects: Service capabilities and service architecture Y.2200Y.2249Service aspects: Interoperability of services and networks in
6、NGN Y.2250Y.2299 Numbering, naming and addressing Y.2300Y.2399 Network management Y.2400Y.2499 Network control architectures and protocols Y.2500Y.2599 Future networks Y.2600Y.2699 Security Y.2700Y.2799 Generalized mobility Y.2800Y.2899 Carrier grade open environment Y.2900Y.2999 For further details
7、, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T Y.2233 (06/2010) i Recommendation ITU-T Y.2233 Requirements and framework allowing accounting and charging capabilities in NGN Summary Recommendation ITU-T Y.2233 specifies the technical requirements and framework which allow for accoun
8、ting and charging capabilities in NGN. It is intended to aid in standardizing protocols and mechanisms to enable accounting and charging for NGN. In order to support advanced accounting and charging capabilities in NGN, it is important to support policy-based accounting and charging and its associat
9、ed extensions in terms of requirements, architecture, scenarios and capabilities. Extensions are also needed in other areas in order to support advanced requirements such as dynamic rating, supporting hierarchy of customer accounts, and online and offline inter-provider settlements. This Recommendat
10、ion provides such extensions to the previous ITU-T Y.2233 (2008) version. Non-technical aspects of charging in NGN and management aspects of accounting and charging in NGN are out of the scope of this Recommendation. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group 1.0 ITU-T Y.2233 2008-01-25 13
11、2.0 ITU-T Y.2233 2010-06-13 13 ii Rec. ITU-T Y.2233 (06/2010) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU
12、-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four y
13、ears, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the ne
14、cessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. Howe
15、ver, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative
16、 equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use o
17、f a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, I
18、TU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.i
19、tu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2010 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T Y.2233 (06/2010) iii CONTENTS Page 1 Scope 1 2 References. 1 3 Definitions 1 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 1 3.2 Terms define
20、d in this Recommendation . 2 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 3 5 Conventions 5 6 High-level requirements for mechanisms allowing accounting and charging capabilities in NGN 5 7 Functional requirements for mechanisms allowing accounting and charging capabilities in NGN 6 7.1 Metering functional requirem
21、ents 6 7.2 Charging functional requirements 7 7.3 Accounting and charging protocol high-level requirements 8 7.4 Accounting and charging information model high-level requirements 9 7.5 Charging policy and rule requirements 9 8 Architectural framework for mechanisms allowing accounting and charging c
22、apabilities in NGN 9 8.1 Overall architectural framework . 9 8.2 Functional architecture . 9 8.3 Reference points . 14 8.4 Relationship with other NGN functional entities . 18 8.5 Billing domain 19 9 Security consideration 19 Appendix I Offline and online charging scenarios . 20 I.1 Offline charging
23、 scenario based on event 20 I.2 Offline charging scenario based on sessions 22 I.3 Scenario for CIRs aggregation . 24 I.4 Online charging scenario based on policy 26 Bibliography. 35 Rec. ITU-T Y.2233 (06/2010) 1 Recommendation ITU-T Y.2233 Requirements and framework allowing accounting and charging
24、 capabilities in NGN 1 Scope This Recommendation specifies the technical requirements and framework which allow for accounting and charging capabilities in next generation networks (NGNs). It is intended to aid in standardizing protocols and mechanisms to enable accounting and charging for NGN. In o
25、rder to support advanced accounting and charging capabilities in NGN, it is important to support policy-based accounting and charging and its associated extensions in terms of requirements, architecture, scenarios and capabilities. Other areas needing extensions are requirements in order to support
26、advanced requirements such as dynamic rating, supporting hierarchy of customer accounts, and online and offline inter-provider settlements. This Recommendation provides such extensions to the previous ITU-T Y.2233 (2008) version. Non technical aspects of charging in NGN (which are under the responsi
27、bility of ITU-T SG 3) and management aspects of accounting and charging in NGN (which are under the responsibility of SG 2) are out of the scope of this Recommendation. 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, con
28、stitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the
29、Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. ITU-T Y.2012 Recommendation ITU-T Y.2012
30、(2010), Functional requirements and architecture of next generation networks. ITU-T Y.2111 Recommendation ITU-T Y.2111 (2008), Resource and admission control functions in next generation networks. ITU-T Y.2701 Recommendation ITU-T Y.2701 (2007), Security requirements for NGN release 1. 3 Definitions
31、 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 settlement b-ITU-T Q.1741.2 and b-ITU-T Q.1741.3: Payment of amounts resulting from the accounting process. 3.1.2 usage metering b-ITU-T Q.825: The abstraction of activities that monitor the utilizatio
32、n of resources, for the purpose of accounting and controlling the recording of usage data. 2 Rec. ITU-T Y.2233 (06/2010) 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation This Recommendation defines the following terms: 3.2.1 accounting: The process of collecting and analysing NGN service and NGN resource us
33、age metrics for the purposes of capacity and trend analysis, cost allocation, auditing, billing, etc. Accounting management requires that resource consumption be measured, rated, assigned, and communicated between appropriate business entities. 3.2.2 bidirectional flow: A bidirectional flow is a flo
34、w which is composed of packets sent in both directions between two endpoints. A bidirectional flow is composed from two unidirectional flows. 3.2.3 billing: The process after rating in which the NGN transactions of NGN event usage are compiled and bills are produced. 3.2.4 billing domain: Part of th
35、e operator network, which is outside the NGN, that receives and processes charging information from the NGN charging functions. It includes functions that can provide billing mediation and billing or other (e.g., statistical) end applications. 3.2.5 chargeable event: Activity utilizing NGN network r
36、esources and related services for: user-to-user communication (e.g., a single call, a data communication session or a short message); or user-to-network communication (e.g., service profile administration); or inter-network communication (e.g., transferring calls, signalling, or short messages); or
37、mobility (e.g., roaming or inter-system handover); and any other types of service activities the network operator may want to charge for. As a minimum, a chargeable event characterizes the resource/service usage and indicates the identity of the involved end user(s). 3.2.6 charged party: User involv
38、ed in a chargeable event who has to pay parts or the whole charges of the chargeable event, or a third party paying the charges caused by one or all users involved in the chargeable event, or a network operator. 3.2.7 charging: Function within the NGN network and the associated offline charging, onl
39、ine charging, and billing domain components whereby information related to a chargeable event is collected, formatted, transferred and evaluated in order to make it possible to determine usage for which the charged party may be billed (offline charging) or the subscribers account balance may be debi
40、ted (online charging). 3.2.8 charging information record (CIR): Formatted collection of information about a chargeable event (e.g., time of call set-up, duration of the call, amount of data transferred, etc.) for use in billing and accounting. For each party to be charged for parts of or all charges
41、 of a chargeable event a separate CIR is required to be generated, i.e., more than one CIR may be generated for a single chargeable event, e.g., because of its long duration, because more than one charged party is to be charged, or because more than one content-type is to be charged. NOTE The chargi
42、ng information record (CIR) is also known as charging data record (CDR), as defined in b-ITU-T Q.1741.2. 3.2.9 charging event: Set of charging information forwarded by the charging trigger function (CTF) towards the charging collection function (CCF) (offline charging) or towards the online charging
43、 function (OCF) (online charging). Each charging event matches exactly one chargeable event. 3.2.10 correlation: Capability to generate an aggregated charging information record (CIR) by combining and analysing charging events collected from the same transport/service session. Rec. ITU-T Y.2233 (06/
44、2010) 3 3.2.11 flow: A flow is defined as a set of IP packets passing an observation point in the network during a certain time interval. All packets belonging to a particular flow have a set of common properties. Each property is defined as the result of applying a function to the values of: 1) One
45、 or more packet header fields (e.g., destination IP address), transport header fields (e.g., destination port number), or application header fields (e.g., RTP header fields). 2) One or more characteristics of the packet itself (e.g., number of MPLS labels). 3) One or more fields derived from packet
46、treatment (e.g., next-hop IP address, output interface). 3.2.12 metering: See usage metering. 3.2.13 near real-time: Near real-time charging and billing information is to be generated, processed, and transported to a desired conclusion in less than 1 minute. 3.2.14 offline charging: Charging mechani
47、sm where charging information does not affect, in real-time, the service rendered. 3.2.15 online charging: Charging mechanism where charging information can affect, in real-time, the service rendered, and therefore a direct interaction of the charging mechanism with resource/session/service control
48、is required. 3.2.16 policy-based charging and accounting: Charging and accounting capability based on different factors or factor group (e.g., access-specific characteristics, QoS provided by the transport for the service, specific service types, time, user subscription information, etc.). 3.2.17 ra
49、ting: The process of calculating the charges for an NGN transaction. 3.2.18 real-time: Real-time charging and billing information is to be generated, processed, and transported to a desired conclusion in less than 1 second. 3.2.19 session: Logical connection between parties involved in a packet-switched based communication. NOTE This term is used for IP connections rather than the term “call“ that is normally used for a connection over conventional (circuit switched) systems. A session can be composed of one or
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