1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T Y.2720TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (01/2009) SERIES Y: GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE, INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS AND NEXT-GENERATION NETWORKS Next Generation Networks Security NGN identity management framework Recommendation ITU-T Y.
2、2720 ITU-T Y-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE, INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS AND NEXT-GENERATION NETWORKS GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE General Y.100Y.199 Services, applications and middleware Y.200Y.299 Network aspects Y.300Y.399 Interfaces and protocols Y.400Y.499 Numbering
3、, addressing and naming Y.500Y.599 Operation, administration and maintenance Y.600Y.699 Security Y.700Y.799 Performances Y.800Y.899 INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS General Y.1000Y.1099 Services and applications Y.1100Y.1199 Architecture, access, network capabilities and resource management Y.1200Y.1299 Tr
4、ansport Y.1300Y.1399 Interworking Y.1400Y.1499 Quality of service and network performance Y.1500Y.1599 Signalling Y.1600Y.1699 Operation, administration and maintenance Y.1700Y.1799 Charging Y.1800Y.1899 NEXT GENERATION NETWORKS Frameworks and functional architecture models Y.2000Y.2099 Quality of S
5、ervice and performance Y.2100Y.2199 Service aspects: Service capabilities and service architecture Y.2200Y.2249 Service aspects: Interoperability of services and networks in NGN Y.2250Y.2299 Numbering, naming and addressing Y.2300Y.2399 Network management Y.2400Y.2499 Network control architectures a
6、nd protocols Y.2500Y.2599 Security Y.2700Y.2799 Generalized mobility Y.2800Y.2899 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T Y.2720 (01/2009) i Recommendation ITU-T Y.2720 NGN identity management framework Summary Recommendation ITU-T Y.2720 provides a framewo
7、rk for identity management (IdM) in next generation networks (NGN). The primary purpose of this framework is to describe a structured approach for designing, defining, and implementing IdM solutions and for facilitating interoperability in a heterogeneous environment. The management of entity identi
8、ty information (e.g., identifiers, credentials and attributes) is not new. However, as we move towards a converged network environment where services are based on contexts and roles and may be accessed anywhere, and anytime, the assurance, security and management of identity information becomes more
9、 complex. Additionally, there may be different and independent solutions resulting in the need for interoperability. Therefore, new, enhanced, automated, and interoperable capabilities are needed for the following reasons: end users are increasingly using multiple identities; these identities may be
10、 associated with different contexts and service privileges; the identities may only partially identify the end user; the identities may be used anywhere and at anytime; and the identities may not be interoperable between providers. IdM addresses this situation, and is a set of functions and capabili
11、ties (e.g., administration, management and maintenance, discovery, communication exchanges, correlation and binding, policy enforcement, authentication and assertions) used for: assurance of identity information (e.g., identifiers, credentials, attributes); assurance of the identity of an entity (e.
12、g., users/subscribers, groups, user devices, organizations, network and service providers, network elements and objects, and virtual objects); and enabling business and security applications. This framework is intended to be used as a foundation to develop and specify specific aspects of IdM, such a
13、s detailed requirements, mechanisms and procedures, as needed. It also provides a clear and coherent overview of the totality of IdM in NGNs. The framework provided in this Recommendation is intended for NGN (i.e., managed packet networks) as defined in Recommendation ITU-T Y.2001, General overview
14、of NGN. However, it could be applied as appropriate to other types of networks (e.g., corporate and enterprise networks). NOTE The use of the term “Identity“ in this Recommendation relating to IdM does not indicate its absolute meaning. In particular, it does not constitute any positive validation o
15、f a person. Source Recommendation ITU-T Y.2720 was approved on 23 January 2009 by ITU-T Study Group 13 (2009-2012) under the WTSA Resolution 1 procedure. ii Rec. ITU-T Y.2720 (01/2009) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of t
16、elecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing tel
17、ecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the
18、 procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a
19、 telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all o
20、f these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT
21、S ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU
22、members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this ma
23、y not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T Y.
24、2720 (01/2009) iii CONTENTS Page 1 Scope 1 2 References. 1 3 Definitions 2 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 2 3.2 Terms defined in other non-ITU standards 2 3.3 Terms defined in this Recommendation. 2 4 Abbreviations 4 5 Introduction 4 5.1 Identity management (IdM) overview 4 5.2 Business drivers and mot
25、ivations . 6 5.3 Identity provider (IdP) 8 5.4 NGN functional architecture and use of identifiers 9 6 IdM framework overview. 9 7 IdM in the context of NGN architectures and reference models 11 7.1 General relationship with NGN architectures and services 11 7.2 Recommendation ITU-T Y.2011 (General p
26、rinciples and general reference model for NGN) reference models . 12 8 Identity management framework 13 8.1 Identity lifecycle management . 13 8.2 Identity management OAM identifying and describing the functional entities, roles, relationships, enablers and communications supporting IdM services and
27、 capabilities for NGN; identifying and describing the intra-network relationships for supporting IdM services and capabilities within an NGN; and identifying and describing the relationships for supporting IdM services and capabilities between NGN providers (e.g., within a federation), and between N
28、GN providers and other providers (e.g., inter-federation). The framework provided in this Recommendation is intended for NGN (i.e., managed packet networks) as defined in b-ITU-T Y.2001, General overview of NGN. However, it could be applied as appropriate to other types of networks (e.g., private co
29、rporation and enterprise networks). This framework is intended to be used as a foundation to develop and specify specific aspects of IdM for NGNs, such as detailed requirements, mechanisms and procedures, as needed. It also provides a clear and coherent overview of the totality of IdM in NGNs. NOTE
30、The use of the term Identity in this Recommendation relating to IdM does not indicate its absolute meaning. In particular, it does not constitute any positive validation of a person. 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in
31、this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent e
32、dition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. ITU-T Y.2011 Recommendation
33、 ITU-T Y.2011 (2004), General principles and general reference model for Next Generation Networks. 2 Rec. ITU-T Y.2720 (01/2009) 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 anonymity b-ITU-T X.1121: Ability to allow anonymous access
34、 to services, which avoid tracking of users personal information and user behaviour such as user location, frequency of a service usage, and so on. 3.1.2 authentication b-ITU-T X.811: The provision of assurance of the claimed identity of an entity. 3.1.3 authorization b-ITU-T X.800: The granting of
35、rights, which includes the granting of access based on access rights. 3.1.4 claimant b-ITU-T X.811: An entity which is or represents a principal for the purposes of authentication. A claimant includes the functions necessary for engaging in authentication exchanges on behalf of a principal. 3.1.5 de
36、legation b-ITU-T X.911: The action that assigns authority, responsibility or a function to another object. 3.1.6 identifier b-ITU-T Y.2091: An identifier is a series of digits, characters and symbols or any other form of data used to identify subscriber(s), user(s), network element(s), function(s),
37、network entity(ies) providing services/applications, or other entities (e.g., physical or logical objects). 3.1.7 next generation network (NGN) b-ITU-T Y.2001: A packet-based network able to provide telecommunication services and able to make use of multiple broadband, QoS-enabled transport technolo
38、gies and in which service-related functions are independent from underlying transport-related technologies. It enables unfettered access for users to networks and to competing service providers and/or services of their choice. It supports generalized mobility which will allow consistent and ubiquito
39、us provision of services to users. 3.1.8 principal b-ITU-T X.811: An entity whose identity can be authenticated. 3.1.9 security domain b-ITU-T X.810: A set of elements, a security policy, a security authority and a set of security-relevant activities in which the set of elements are subject to the s
40、ecurity policy for the specified activities, and the security policy is administered by the security authority for the security domain. 3.1.10 verifier b-ITU-T X.811: An entity which is or represents the entity requiring an authenticated identity. A verifier includes the functions necessary for enga
41、ging in authentication exchanges. 3.2 Terms defined in other non-ITU standards 3.2.1 attribute b-ETSI TS 102 042: Descriptive information bound to an entity that specifies a characteristic of an entity such as condition, quality or other information associated with that entity. 3.3 Terms defined in
42、this Recommendation This Recommendation defines the following terms: 3.3.1 assurance: A measure of confidence that the security features and architecture of the identity management capabilities accurately mediate and enforce the security policies understood between the relying party and the identity
43、 provider. 3.3.2 authentication assurance: See Assurance. Rec. ITU-T Y.2720 (01/2009) 3 3.3.3 assurance level: A quantitative expression of assurance agreed between a relying party and an identity provider. 3.3.4 credential: An identifiable object that can be used to authenticate the claimant is wha
44、t it claims to be and to authorize the claimants access rights. 3.3.5 discovery: The act of locating a machine-processable description of a network-related resource that may have been previously unknown and that meets certain functional criteria. It involves matching a set of functional and other cr
45、iteria with a set of resource descriptions. The goal is to find an appropriate service-related resource. 3.3.6 entity: Anything that has separate and distinct existence that can be uniquely identified. In the context of IdM, examples of entities include subscribers, users, network elements, networks
46、, software applications, services and devices. An entity may have multiple identifiers. 3.3.7 federation: Establishing a relationship between two or more entities or an association comprising any number of service providers and identity providers. 3.3.8 federated identity: An identity that can be us
47、ed to access a group of services or applications that are bounded by the policies and conditions of a federation. 3.3.9 identity: Information about an entity that is sufficient to identify that entity in a particular context. 3.3.10 identity provider: An entity that creates, maintains and manages tr
48、usted identity information of other entities (e.g., users/subscribers, organizations, and devices) and offers identity-based services based on trust, business and other types of relationship. 3.3.11 identity management: Set of functions and capabilities (e.g., administration, management and maintena
49、nce, discovery, communication exchanges, correlation and binding, policy enforcement, authentication and assertions) used for: assurance of identity information (e.g., identifiers, credentials, attributes), assurance of the identity of an entity (e.g., users/subscribers, groups, user devices, organizations, network and service providers, network elements and objects, and virtual objects), and enabling business and security applications. 3.3.12 pattern: A structured expression derived from the behavio
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