KS C IEC 61468-2006 Nuclear power plants－In-core instrumentation－Characteristics and test methods of self-powered neutron detectors《核电厂 堆芯测量仪表 自给能中子探测器的特性和试验方法》.pdf

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2、 1 3.1 1 3.2 3 4. 3 5. 4 6. 6 7. 6 7.1 6 7.2 7 7.3 7 7.4 7 8. 7 8.1 7 8.2 7 8.3 7 8.4 8 9. 8 9.1 8 9.2 8 10. 8 10.1 9 10.2 9 10.3 9 10.4 9 10.5 9 A() 11ICS 27.120.20 KS C IEC 61468： 2006(2011 ) Nuclear power plants In-core instrumentation Characteristics and test methods of self-powered neutron dete

3、ctors 2000 1 IEC 61468 Nuclear power plants In-core instrumentation Characteristics and test methods of self-powered neutron detectors , . 1. ( , ) . . . , , . , IAEA , KS C IEC 61513 . 2. . . , . IEC ISO . KS C IEC 60050 394： 2004 KS C IEC 60515： 2004 ： KS C IEC 61226： 2004 KS C IEC 61513： 2004 IEC

4、 60568： 1977 In-core instrumentation for neutron fluence rate(flux) measurements in power reactors 3. 3.1 . 3.1.1 (background or lead-compensat ion of a self-po wered detector signal) . ( 3 ). 3.1.2 (beta decay) A Z . ( ), , ( ) . 3.1.3 (burn-up) C IEC 61468： 2006 2 . 3.1.4 (burn-up life of a neutro

5、n detector) . 3.1.5 (capture cross section) . 3.1.6 (Compton effect) E0 = hv0 E = 1/2mv2 . E= hv0 E . 3.1.7 , (cross-section, ) . (nr) (ni) (N) (t) . nr= ni Nt barn (1 b = 10 28m2). 3.1.8 ( ), , , (decay constant( ), disinteg ration constant, radioisotope decay constant, proportionality constant) ,

6、0.5 ( ) s 1 . = (ln 0.5)/t1/2 = 0.693/t1/2 3.1.9 (delayed response) . (t1/2/ln2) t1/2 . t1/2 5 . 3.1.10 (equilibrium response) , ( ) . 3.1.11 (half-life) . 3.1.12 (in-core neutron detector) . 3.1.13 (integral self-powered neutron detecto r) , . ( 1 ). 3.1.14 (modular self-powered neutron detector )

7、( , , ) ( , , ) , ( 2 ). 3.1.15 (photoelectric effect) E = hv Be . hv Be . 3.1.16 (prompt response) (n, , e) . C IEC 61468： 2006 3 3.1.17 (radioisotopes, radioactive isotopes) Z A . 3.1.18 (self-powered neutron detector, SPND) . , , ( 1 ). 3.1.19 (self-shielding) . . 3.1.20 (sensitivity of a detecto

8、r) . . (S) = ( ) / ( ) 0 . S = ( ) / ( ) 3.1.21 (thermal neutrons) 293 K 0.025 eV . 3.1.22 (useful life of a neutron detector) , . 3.2 3.2.1 (BWR) boiling water reactor 3.2.2 (CANDU) , CANada, Deuterium, Uranium . 3.2.3 (HWR) heavy water reactor 3.2.4 (LWR) light water reactor . 3.2.5 (PWR) pressuri

9、zed water reactor 3.2.6 (RBMK) 3.2.7 (SIR) straight individually replaceable , 3.2.8 (SPND) self-powered neutron detector . 4. SPNDs . . ( ) , . C IEC 61468： 2006 4 . 5. SPND ( ) ( ) ( 1 ). . . SPNDs . SPND SPNDs 2 . 1 2 / / / 125 cm C IEC 61468： 2006 5 3 SPNDs , . A.5 , . SPNDs . SPND , (sheath), .

10、 1 . SPNDs SPND ( ) 1 . ( 1 % ). . . “ ” 107 , “ ” 1012 live tail Live tail C IEC 61468： 2006 6 . . , , 3 SPNDs . , , . . , . . 6. , SPNDs , , , , , . , , SPND . , SPNDs , . 1 SPND . 1 SPND (cm2) (n, ) (n, , e) (, e) V514.910 24 (1) (2)HWR LWR LWR Co59 3710 24 LWR LWR Rh103 14510 24 LWR Ag107,109 64.810 24 RBMK(3) Pt195 2410 24 LWR HWR HfO2 11510 24 RBMK RBMK RBMK (1) 1 (2) 2 (3) RBMK 7. SPND . . SPNDs , ( , ) (penetration) 7.1 SPNDs C IEC 61468： 2006 7 . . (burn-up) . 7.2 SPNDs , . . . . 7.3 SPNDs (fluence rate) (transient behavior) . . SPND . . 7.4 SPNDs . KS C IEC 61226 . 8. SPNDs