KS I ISO 10312-2008 Ambient air－Determination of asbestos fibers－Direct-transfer transmission electron microscopy method《环境空气 石棉纤维的测定 直接传递电子显微镜法》.pdf

1、 KSKSKSKSKSKSKSK KSKSKS KSKSK KSKS KSK KS KS I ISO 10312 ( )KS I ISO 10312:2008 2008 8 28 http:/www.kats.go.krKS I ISO 10312:2008 : () ( ) ( ) : (http:/www.standard.go.kr) ： ： 1998 3 26 ： 2008 8 28 2008-0448 ： ： ( 025097266) (http:/www.kats.go.kr). 10 5 , . KS I ISO 10312:2008 ( ) Ambient air Determ

2、ination of asbestos fibers Direct-transfer transmission electron microscopy method 1995 1 ISO 10312, Ambient air Determination of asbestos fibresDirect-transfer transmission electron microscopy method , . 1 1.1 (asbestos structures) , , . . . 1.2 ( ) . . 1.3 50 7 000 /mm2 . . . . 0.5 m . 1.4 . TEM K

3、S I ISO 10312:2008 2 . 0.195 mm2 TEM , 10 g/m3 4 000 L 1.8 /L 0.5 /L . . TEM . 5 m PCM TEM . 10 g/cm2 , 10 % . . 2 . . ( ) . KS M 9401, KS M 9402, ( ) ISO Standard Handbook No.2： 1993, Quantities and units ISO Standard Handbook No.3： 1989, Statistical Methods 3 KS M 9401(ISO 4225) . 3.1 (acicular) 3

4、.2 (amphibole) . A0 1B2C5T8O22(OH, F, Cl)2 A K, Na B Fe2, Mn, Mg, Ca, Na C Al, Cr, Ti, Fe3, Mg, Fe2T Si, Al, Cr, Fe3, Ti Li, Pb Zn . ： 4： 11 Si O 4 2 , 56 124 KS I ISO 10312:2008 3 (prismatic cleavage) . 3.3 (amphibole asbestos) 3.4 /L . . 3.5 (asbestiform) 3.6 (12001 29 5), (12001 28 4), (grnerite

5、asbestos, amosite)(12172 73 5), (anthophyllite asbestos)(7753667 5), (tremolite asbestos)(77536 68 6) ( ) (77536 66 4) . 3.7 (asbestos structure) 3.8 (aspect ratio) 3.9 (background measurement) TEM 3.10 (projection length) 3.11 (chrysotile) Mg3Si2O5(OH)4 . Al3 . Al3, Fe2, Fe3, Ni2, Mn2 Co2 . . KS I

6、ISO 10312:2008 4 3.12 (cleavage) . 3.13 (cleavage fragment) 3.14 (cluster) , 3.15 (d-spacing) 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 (eucentric) 3.20 . . 3.21 (fibril) . 3.22 (fibre) . 0.5 m 5： 1 . 3.23 . KS I ISO 10312:2008 5 . 3.24 . 3.25 (habit) ( ) 3.26 /L 2.99 3.27 (matrix) , , 3.28 (Miller index) 3 4 3.29 PCM 5

7、m 3： 1 0.2 3.0 m 3.30 PCM 5 m 3： 1 0.2 3.0 m 3.31 (primary structure) TEM 3.32 (replication) 3.33 (selected area electron diffraction) 3.34 (serpentine) , Mg3Si2O5(OH)43.35 , , KS I ISO 10312:2008 6 3.36 (雙晶 ) 3.37 3.38 4 0.4 m ( ) ( ： 0.45 m) . TEM . TEM . (filter medium) . TEM . , . . TEM . TEM .

8、TEM (ED) , (EDXA) . . . , . ED EDXA ED . . . “ ” . , . 2 , TEM . . . , KS I ISO 10312:2008 7 . , . ( / L) . 5 5.1 (KS M 9402 ISO No.2 ) eV kV L/min g (10 6g) m (10 6m) nm (10 9m) W 5.2 DMF DE EDXA FWHM ( 1/2) HEPA MEC PC PCM SAED SEM STEM TEM UICC 6 (6.1). . 6.1 . . 6.2 1 % KS I ISO 10312:2008 8 6.3

9、 1 2 6.4 6.5 6.6 7 7.1 7.1.1 (filter cassette) 25 50 mm 3 , 20 mm . 0.4 m 0.45 m MEC . 5 m MEC . . . 9.7 . 7.1.2 . 40 250 mm/s . , 10 % (volume flow-rate) . . . . 7.1.3 (stand) (7.1.2) . 7.1.4 1 10 L/min . . 7.2 , . , ( ) . TEM KS I ISO 10312:2008 9 . . 9.7 . TEM . . . TEM . TEM . 7.3 7.3.1 TEM 80 1

10、20 kV , 1.0 nm 300 100 000 . 100 000 . , . 1 mm 1 mm . 1 . 1 TEM 0.01 Bragg TEM 20 000 0.6 m2 ED . ED . SAED . 23S00024785.0 += CMDA KS I ISO 10312:2008 10 A ： SAED (m2) D ： SAED (m) M ： CS： (mm) ： Bragg ( ) SAED . . ED , TEM TEM a) 30 30 360 b) 2 30 30 . , . EDXA ED , EDXA . TEM 250 nm . , . 7.3.2

11、TEM MnK 180 eV(FWHM) . TEM EDXA , TEM . ( ) . , 80 kV 250 nm , 50 nm UICC ( ) 1 (cps) NaK . / 1.0 . EDXA , . 7.3.3 . ED . 7.3.4 (plasma asher) MEC TEM , 50 W KS I ISO 10312:2008 11 MEC . , . . 7.3.5 0.013 Pa . . 45 . . ED TEM . 7.3.6 ED TEM . . , . 7.3.7 (Jaffe washer) Jaffe . 2 . 1 2 , MEC . 10 50

12、mL , . 1 2 . , . . KS I ISO 10312:2008 12 ： cm . 2 7.3.8 (condensation washer) , , . 3 , . 3 ( 100 mm15 mm) (50 ) KS I ISO 10312:2008 13 7.3.9 MEC TEM . 65 70 . 7.3.10 TEM . 7.3.11 (carbon grating replica) mm 2 000 TEM . 7.3.12 EDXA TEM EDXA . (riebeckite), (chrysotile), (halloysite), (phlogopite), (wollastonite), (bustamite) . EDXA TEM . 7.3.13 (carbon rod sharpener) . 7.3.14 30 L MEC TEM . 7.4 7.4.1 200 TEM . 9.6.2 . . 7.4.2 200 TEM