KS I ISO 10703-2008 Water quality－Determination of the activity concentration of radionuclides－Method by high resolution gamma-ray spectrometry《水质 放射性核辐射活性浓度的测定 高分辨率γ光谱测定法》.pdf

1、 KSKSKSKSKSKSKSK KSKSKS KSKSK KSKS KSK KS KS I ISO 10703 KS I ISO 10703:2008 2008 11 24 http:/www.kats.go.krKS I ISO 10703:2008 : ( ) ( ) ( ) : (http:/www.standard.go.kr) ： ： 1998 12 24 ： 2008 11 24 2008-0794 ： ： ( 025097266) (http:/www.kats.go.kr). 10 5 , . KS I ISO 10703:2008 Water quality Determi

2、nation of the activity concentration of radionuclides Method by high resolution gamma-ray spectrometry 2007 2 ISO 10703, Water quality Determination of the activity concentration of radionuclides Method by high resolution gamma-ray spectrometry . . . . . 1 40 keV E 2 MeV . 40 keV 2 MeV . , , . . 1 B

3、q104Bq Bq ( ) . , , , 1 Bq , . 104Bq . 2 KS I ISO 10703:2008 2 . . ( ) . KS A ISO 31 9, 9： KS A ISO/IEC 17025, KS I 3002, KS I ISO 5667 1, ( ) KS I ISO 5667 3, 3： KS I ISO 5667 14, 14： (GUM) , BIPM, IEC, IFCC, ISO, IUPAC, IUPAP, OIML IEC 60973, Test procedures for germanium gamma ray detectors IEC 6

4、1151, Nuclear instrumentation Amplifiers and preamplifiers used with detectors of ionizing radiation Test procedures IEC 61452, Nuclear instrumentation Measurement of gamma-ray emission rates of radionuclidesCalibration and use of germanium spectrometers 3 KS A ISO 31 9 . 3.1 (blank sample) , (demin

5、eralized water) 3.2 (dead time) 2 , 3.3 (dead time correction) 3.4 (decay constant ) dP dt . dP dt . tNNtPdd1dd N： t 3.5 (efficiency) KS I ISO 10703:2008 3 3.6 (energy resolution) 2 3.7 (full energy peak) , (Compton scattering) (1 022 keV ) 3.8 (gamma cascade) (de-excites) 2 3.9 (gamma radiation) 3.

6、10 (gamma-ray spectrometry) 3.11 (pile-up) . . 3.12 (transition probability) 4 V (L) A , (Bq) cA, cA,c / 1)(Bq/L)tg t0 ts nN,E, nN0,E, nNs,E , E (net area) ng,E, ng0,E, ngs,E , E (gross area) KS I ISO 10703:2008 4 nb,E, nb0,E, nbs,E , E E E PE E u(cA), u(cA.c) / (Bq/L) U k 1,2, U k u(cA) (Bq/L) c,AA

7、cc / (Bq/L) #c,#,AAcc / (Bq/L) c, AA cc (Bq/L) 5 (electron-hole) . . . . . . 6 . 6.1 . . 9 . ( -152, -241, -60, -137) . . 6.2 . . , . 120 keV 10 % , . 40 keV E 100 keV , . 100 keV E 2 000 keV . -54, -57, -65, -85, -88, -109, -113, -137, -139. KS I ISO 10703:2008 5 ( -60 -134) . . 7 . KS I 3002 A3 .

8、7.1 c(HNO3) 15.8 mol/L, 69 % w/w ( HNO3) 1.42 g/mL 7.2 c(H2SO4) 17.9 mol/L, 95 % w/w (H2SO4) 1.84 g/mL 7.3 c(AgNO3) 3.2g/L, 3.2 g 0.1 mL 1 L . 7.4 c(KI) 1.3 g/L, 1.3 g 1 L . 7.5 (Na2SO3) 7.6 c(H2O2) 0.3 g/L, (Na2CO3), 20 . 8 , . (MCA) (MCB) , , . , (digital components： DSP) . 8.1 8.8 . 8.1 IEC 60973

9、 . , 3 , . , . 1 . 8.2 KS I ISO 10703:2008 6 . 8.3 (preamplifier) . . (FET) . 8.4 (cryostat) . . ( ) . (HPGe) (bias) . 8.5 ( ) . 40 keV E 100 keV X , 3 . (background) . . ： . , . 8.6 (pole-zero) (DC-restorer) . IEC 61151 . ( 5 000 s 1) . 8.7 (MCA) (MCB) . 100 keV 2 000 keV 4 096 8 192 ( 11 ). KS I I

10、SO 10703:2008 7 8.8 ( 1 2 ) . MCA MCB . , . . . , , . , 4 7 . , , , 4 7 . . (decision thresholder) . . . . . 9 KS I ISO 5667 1, KS I ISO 5667 3, KS I ISO 5667 14 . . ( , ) . , . 1 mol/L , . pH2 . . 1 t 5 . . . A . KS I ISO 10703:2008 8 10 10.1 3 . . . 10.1.110.1.3 . 10.1.1 , . (Marinelli) , . . “ ”

11、“ ” “ ” . . 1 (gelling agent) . 2 . 10.1.2 . , (standard geometry) . “ ” . 10.1.3 1 , (7.4 ) 10 mL, (7.5 ) 0.1 g (7.2 ) 5 mL . 5 (7.6 ) 10 mL (7.6 ) 10 mL . (7.7 ) pH 9 . 10.1.2 . “ ” . 10.2 IEC 61452 . 10.2.1 . 4 096 0 keV30 keV , 0.5 keV (ADC) . . , 0.1 keV . , , KS I ISO 10703:2008 9 . . . 10.2.2

12、 . ( ) . . . ( ) 2 , . 40 keV E 100 keV . . (well-type) . 10.2.2.1 , . , . 1 % . 10 % . . (E) . . 10.2.2.2 E (1) . E . EENEPAtns,s/ (1) E - (net-peak) nNs,E (2) . EEENnnn,bs,gs,s (2) . . 10.2 . KS I ISO 10703:2008 10 10.2.2.3 (3) i . EiENEiPAtns,s,/ (3) , . . 10.3 MCA . . . , . . . . . 10.4 . X , . , . . . 11 . 11 11.1 c